What is the onset mechanism of internal hernia after vertebral body fracture? A case of internal hernia secondary to traumatic vertebral fracture.

A 67-year-old man who had been pinned between a basket crane and a tree complained of severe pain in his lower back and a decreased appetite. Laparotomy after decompressing the gastrointestinal tract revealed incarceration of an ileal loop within a fractured third lumbar vertebra. The damaged bowel was resected, and an end-to-end anastomosis was performed.

Prediction of a clinically effective dose of THY1773, a novel V receptor antagonist, based on preclinical data.

THY1773 is a novel arginine vasopressin 1B (V ) receptor antagonist that is under development as an oral drug for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Here we report our strategy to predict a clinically effective dose of THY1773 for MDD in the preclinical stage, and discuss the important insights gained by retrospective analysis of prediction accuracy. To predict human pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters, several extrapolation methods from animal or in vitro data to humans were investigated.

Efficacy and safety of TS-121, a novel vasopressin V receptor antagonist, as adjunctive treatment for patients with major depressive disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Vasopressin 1B (V) receptor has a pivotal role in the regulation of the hypothalamus-adrenal-pituitary axis, and V receptor antagonists have shown efficacy in a number of preclinical models of depression. The efficacy and safety of, TS-121 (active ingredient: THY1773), a novel V receptor antagonist, was investigated in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who had an inadequate response to current antidepressant therapy. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study, 51 MDD patients (43 of whom completed the study) were randomly assigned to either TS-121 10 mg, 50 mg or placebo for 6 weeks treatment period.

Gene expression of survivin and its spliced isoforms associated with proliferation and aggressive phenotypes of prostate cancer.

Objectives: To assess the effect of survivin gene expression on the proliferation of prostate cancer (PCa) cells and study the association of suvivin and its spliced isoforms gene expression levels with the pathologic grade of PCa.

Methods: Gene expression of survivin and its spliced isoforms in the LNCaP and PC-3 PCa cell lines was determined using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. We knocked down the gene expression of survivin using small interfering RNA and assessed the cell proliferation using the MTS assay.

Expression of p73 in normal skin and proliferative skin lesions.

The p73 gene is a member of the p53 gene family and the structure and functions of p73 protein are similar to those of p53. However, these two proteins have different roles. In the present study, p73 protein was found immunohistochemically to be distributed in the basal cells of the epidermis, columnar basal cells in the hair follicle and peripheral cells without lipid droplets in the sebaceous and meibomian glands; it was expressed strongly in tumor cells in basal cell carcinomas and in the basal cell-like cells in seborrheic keratosis, and weakly or negatively in the squamous cell-like cells in seborrheic keratosis and in the tumor cells in squamous cell carcinomas.

Anti-human Olig2 antibody as a useful immunohistochemical marker of normal oligodendrocytes and gliomas.

Olig2 is a recently identified transcription factor involved in the phenotype definition of cells in the oligodendroglial lineage. The expression of Olig2 transcript has been demonstrated in human oligodendroglial tumors, although the protein expression has not been studied extensively. We developed a polyclonal antibody to human Olig2 and analyzed it immunohistochemically.

Parenchymal anaplastic ependymoma with intratumoral hemorrhage: a case report.

We report an unusual case of a 56-year-old woman with a supratentorial anaplastic ependymoma localized in the parenchyma without continuity with the ventricular system and brain surface. The patient presented with vertigo, and a calcified mass was detected in the left temporal parenchyma. Five years later, she had seizure of the right extremities.

Primary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma originating in the lower petroclival region: case report.

Background: We report the first case of primary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH) originating in the lower petroclival region.

Case Description: A 55-year-old female presented with a 45-year history of subclinical atrophy on the right side of her tongue and a 15-year history of hoarseness. Neuroimaging revealed an expansile, homogeneously enhanced intraosseous mass with bony shell and honeycomb configuration in the petroclival region.

Erythropoietin-producing renal cell carcinoma in chronic hemodialysis patients: a report of two cases.

Erythropoietin (EPO)-producing renal cell carcinomas in two hemodialysis patients are reported. Despite deteriorated kidney function, these patients did not manifest anemia at diagnosis and their elevated serum EPO levels rapidly returned to within the normal range after nephrectomy. Immunohistochemical staining of the resected specimens showed production of erythropoietin in the tumor cells in one case and in the lining cells of the cyst wall in the other case.

[Clinicopathologic characteristics of primary central nervous system malignant lymphoma].

We examined 13 cases of the primary central nervous system malignant lymphoma (PCNSML) with established histological diagnosis and valid clinical information to clarify the clinicopathologic characteristics of PCNSML. All tumors were classified according to the World Health Organization as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and four were positive for CD 10 or BCL-6. All of the tumors had a high proliferative activity containing 15.

The expression of p73, p21 and MDM2 proteins in gliomas.

p73 protein, a member of the p53 family protein, induce p21 and MDM2 transcription. In some carcinomas, the expression of p73 was higher in carcinoma than in normal tissue, and the overexpression was correlated to grade, stage or prognosis. However, either the expression of p73 protein or the relationship among p73, p21 and MDM2 proteins was not known well in glioma.