Publications by authors named "Makiyama A"
Article Synopsis
- The study examined the prevalence and characteristics of MSI-high tumors in patients with metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer (GC) that had not yet undergone chemotherapy.
- MSI-high GC was found in 5.6% of patients, with higher prevalence in females, individuals aged 70 and older, tumors located in the lower stomach, HER2-negative cases, and patients without liver metastases.
- Understanding these MSI-high tumors can enhance clinical practices and inform future research targeting this specific subtype of GC.
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is now widely used as an indispensable biomarker. However, the relationship between MSI-H (high) and defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is not as straightforward as has been expected. Genome-edited cells carrying Lynch syndrome mutations do not exhibit drastic MSI typical in MSI-H (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudies have associated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with gastric cancer (GC). The present study aimed to examine the relationship between dynamic changes in NLR during treatment and disease progression in patients with unresectable or recurrent GC treated with nivolumab monotherapy as a third-line or later regimen. Patients treated with nivolumab as a third-line or later therapy for unresectable or recurrent GC at Gifu University Hospital (Gifu, Japan) from April 2017 to December 2021 were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) improve overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with pancreatic cancer, compared with gemcitabine (GEM). However, whether PFS is a surrogate marker of OS in pancreatic cancer chemotherapy focusing on FOLFIRINOX or GEM plus nab-paclitaxel remains unknown. We aimed to verify whether PFS can be a surrogate marker of OS in prognosis prediction.
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- Trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd) is an approved treatment for advanced HER2-positive gastric cancer in Japan, backed by the DESTINY-Gastric01 trial results.* -
- The retrospective study analyzed 312 patients, revealing a median overall survival of 8.9 months, with 42.9% showing a positive response to treatment, while monitoring adverse effects that were primarily manageable.* -
- The findings suggest that T-DXd is effective and safe as a third-line or later option for patients, indicating its potential role in real-world clinical practice for this cancer type.*
Background: Incisional hernia (IH) is an abdominal wall defect due to a previous laparotomy, and surgical repair is the only treatment. IH has a negative impact on patients' quality of life. In the last decades, the approach has improved from open to laparoscopic and robotic surgery with the objective of promoting better abdominal wall function after reconstruction.
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- - This study compared the effectiveness of second-line treatments for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer who previously received gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP), analyzing 318 patients treated with nanoliposomal irinotecan plus 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid (NFF), S-1, or FOLFIRINOX.
- - Results showed that the median overall survival (OS) for the NFF group was significantly better at 9.08 months compared to 4.90 months for S-1, while FOLFIRINOX had an OS of 4.77 months with no significant difference from NFF.
- - Factors like serum levels and duration
Article Synopsis
- The SCRUM-Japan MONSTAR-SCREEN consortium is conducting a nationwide project that uses AI and multi-omics analyses for molecular profiling in patients with advanced cancers, aiming to create new treatments and diagnostics.
- The project includes the CIRCULATE-Japan study, focusing on precision medicine for resectable solid tumors and requires substantial data storage in a high-tech supercomputing system called VAPOR CONE.
- As of December 2023, over 24,000 patients have been registered, with 5.0% of those in advanced solid tumors participating in matched clinical trials, showing a 29.2% response rate and significantly improved survival rates compared to those not receiving matched therapies.
Background: Anamorelin is expected to improve cancer cachexia by increasing lean body mass (LBM) due to increased appetite and protein synthesis. However, the effect of anamorelin on cancer cachexia in real-world practice is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anamorelin and to identify predictors of efficacy on treatment with anamorelin.
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- - In a study of three patients with inoperable advanced gastric cancer and multiple liver metastases, treatment with the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab led to significant regression of liver tumors, enabling the possibility of conversion surgery.
- - Each patient underwent a combination of chemotherapy and nivolumab, with varying treatments due to side effects and disease progression, ultimately resulting in successful surgeries to remove both gastric and liver tumors.
- - Post-surgery pathological examinations indicated a complete response to treatment despite the initial presence of liver metastases, highlighting the potential effectiveness of nivolumab in managing advanced gastric cancer.
Background: This prospective observational study evaluated the real-world effectiveness of nivolumab monotherapy in previously treated advanced gastric cancer (GC). A preplanned 2-year final analysis was performed to confirm survival and tumor behavior with nivolumab monotherapy.
Patients And Methods: The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).
Background: Non-inferiority of trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) plus bevacizumab (BEV) to irinotecan/fluoropyrimidine plus BEV in metastatic colorectal cancer was investigated in the phase III TRUSTY study, and we conducted a phase II study of FOLFIRI (5-FU+leucovorin+irinotecan) plus zib-aflibercept (AFL) after FTD/TPI plus BEV. However, the TRUSTY study failed during the recruitment of our patients.
Objective: We present the findings of a phase II study on the efficacy of FOLFIRI plus zib-aflibercept (AFL) after FTD/TPI plus BEV, including clinical results with plasma biomarker analyses.
Certain genetic alterations and right-sided primary tumor location are associated with resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor (EGFR) treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The phase 3 PARADIGM trial (n = 802) demonstrated longer overall survival with first-line anti-EGFR (panitumumab) versus antivascular endothelial growth factor (bevacizumab) plus modified FOLFOX6 in patients with RAS wild-type mCRC with left-sided primary tumors. This prespecified exploratory biomarker analysis of PARADIGM (n = 733) evaluated the association between circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) gene alterations and efficacy outcomes, focusing on a broad panel of gene alterations associated with resistance to EGFR inhibition, including KRAS, NRAS, PTEN and extracellular domain EGFR mutations, HER2 and MET amplifications, and ALK, RET and NTRK1 fusions.
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- * The objective was to assess if a learning program sharing treatment protocols for low-evidence biomarkers could align MTB recommendations and evaluate the effectiveness of an AI-based annotation system.
- * The study involved 47 participants and 50 simulated cases, comparing treatment recommendation concordance before and after the learning program, with the aim to achieve high agreement levels post-learning.
Background: Several studies have reported an association between severe neutropenia and long-term survival in patients treated with trifluridine-tipiracil (TAS-102). Because some of these studies failed to address immortality time bias, however, their findings should be interpreted with caution. Additionally, the association between severe neutropenia and survival in patients receiving TAS-102 in combination with bevacizumab (Bmab) remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFirst-line chemotherapy for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC) includes gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP) and FOLFIRINOX (FFX). However, the efficacy of second-line chemotherapy and the role of combination chemotherapy in clinical practice is still unknown. Data was gathered from 14 hospitals in the Kyushu area of Japan from December 2013 to March 2017.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aim: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is mainly a disease of the elderly. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin-based regimens as first-line chemotherapy in elderly patients with mCRC.
Patients And Methods: We recruited mCRC patients aged ≥75 years who were treated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy from October 2011 to November 2020.
Renal impairment may be associated with an increased risk of hematologic events (AEs) in patients undergoing treatment with trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI). This study aimed to investigate the specific types of AEs linked to renal impairment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving FTD/TPI, using real-world data. Among the patients included in the REGOTAS study (a retrospective study of FTD/TPI versus regorafenib), those treated with FTD/TPI were evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLupus enteritis is classified into the colon poly-ulcerative type and the small intestine ischemic serositis type. Colon poly-ulcerative lupus enteritis is a disease that is mainly due to mesenteric arteritis. In recent years, 18 F-FDG PET/CT has been frequently used to assess the extent of the disease in patients with systemic vasculitis.
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- The study focused on the genomic features of HER2-positive and negative gastric cancer to understand their impact on tumor growth and treatment response.
- Researchers analyzed 80 samples from a clinical trial, employing a 435-gene panel to evaluate mutations and other genomic changes.
- Findings revealed that HER2-negative patients had more mutations, particularly with the ARID1A gene, and may benefit from immune therapies, while HER2-positive cases showed more gene amplifications, indicating potential resistance to certain treatments.
Polyarteritis nodosa diagnosed in a young male after COVID-19 vaccine: A case report.
Mod Rheumatol Case Rep
December 2023
Article Synopsis
- The COVID-19 vaccine was quickly developed and shown to be effective, but some adverse effects, including autoimmune diseases, have been reported.
- A case study is discussed involving a 32-year-old male who developed polyarteritis nodosa after vaccination, showing symptoms like limb pain and fever.
- A skin biopsy confirmed severe inflammation in the arteries, and the patient's condition improved with corticosteroid treatment, highlighting the need for further investigation into potential vaccine-related autoimmune responses.