Characterization of the genomic sequence data around common cutworm resistance genes in soybean () using short- and long-read sequencing methods.

The common cutworm (CCW, Fabricius) is one of the pests that most severely infect soybean ( L. Merr.).

DNA marker-assisted evaluation of cooked bean hardness of three soybean progeny lines.

Cooked bean hardness is an important trait for the processing of soybean products such as nimame, natto, miso, and soy sauce. Previously, we showed that cooked bean hardness is primarily affected by the pectin methylesterase gene , and that calcium content has a secondary effect on this trait. To establish a simple and timely method for the evaluation of cooked bean hardness, primers of amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) were designed to detect a single-nucleotide polymorphism of and subsequently used to evaluate three soybean progeny lines.

Highly multiplexed AmpliSeq technology identifies novel variation of flowering time-related genes in soybean (Glycine max).

Whole-genome re-sequencing is a powerful approach to detect gene variants, but it is expensive to analyse only the target genes. To circumvent this problem, we attempted to detect novel variants of flowering time-related genes and their homologues in soybean mini-core collection by target re-sequencing using AmpliSeq technology. The average depth of 382 amplicons targeting 29 genes was 1,237 with 99.

Development of a high-density linkage map and chromosome segment substitution lines for Japanese soybean cultivar Enrei.

Using progeny of a cross between Japanese soybean Enrei and Chinese soybean Peking, we developed a high-density linkage map and chromosomal segment substitution lines (CSSLs). The map consists of 2,177 markers with polymorphism information for 32 accessions and provides a detailed genetic framework for these markers. The marker order on the linkage map revealed close agreement with that on the chromosome-scale assembly, Wm82.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals the flooding tolerant mechanism in flooding tolerant line and abscisic acid treated soybean.

Soybean is highly sensitive to flooding stress and exhibits markedly reduced plant growth and grain yield under flooding conditions. To explore the mechanisms underlying initial flooding tolerance in soybean, RNA sequencing-based transcriptomic analysis was performed using a flooding-tolerant line and ABA-treated soybean. A total of 31 genes included 12 genes that exhibited similar temporal patterns were commonly changed in these plant groups in response to flooding and they were mainly involved in RNA regulation and protein metabolism.

Improvement of Triglyceride Levels through the Intake of Enriched-β-Conglycinin Soybean (Nanahomare) Revealed in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Soybean is recognized as a beneficial food with various functional components, such as β-conglycinin, which improves lipid metabolism. We evaluated the effects of the β-conglycinin-rich soybean Nanahomare on triglyceride (TG) levels. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we divided 134 adult subjects into test and placebo groups that consumed processed food containing enriched-β-conglycinin soybean or low-β-conglycinin soybean.

Diversity of seed cesium accumulation in soybean mini-core collections.

Radiocesium is an extremely harmful radionuclide because of its long half-life; it is important to reduce its transfer from contaminated soil into crops. Here we surveyed genetic variation for seed cesium (Cs) concentration in soybean mini-core collections representing large genetic diversity. The collections grown over 3 years in rotational paddy fields exhibited varying seed Cs concentrations with significant year-to-year correlations, although the phenotypic stability of Cs concentration was lower than that of the congeners potassium (K) and rubidium (Rb).

Relationship between Mutations of the Pectin Methylesterase Gene in Soybean and the Hardness of Cooked Beans.

Hardness of cooked soybeans [Glycine max (L). Merr.] is an important attribute in food processing.

Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with boiled seed hardness in soybean.

Boiled seed hardness is an important factor in the processing of soybean food products such as nimame and natto. Little information is available on the genetic basis for boiled seed hardness, despite the wide variation in this trait. DNA markers linked to the gene controlling this trait should be useful in soybean breeding programs because of the difficulty of its evaluation.

Major QTLs associated with green stem disorder insensitivity of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.).

Green stem disorder (GSD) is one of the most serious syndromes affecting soybean (Glycine max) cultivation in Japan. In GSD, stems remain green even when pods mature. When soybean plants develop GSD, seed surfaces are soiled by tissue fluid and seed quality is deteriorated during machine harvesting.

Molecular basis of a shattering resistance boosting global dissemination of soybean.

Pod dehiscence (shattering) is essential for the propagation of wild plant species bearing seeds in pods but is a major cause of yield loss in legume and crucifer crops. Although natural genetic variation in pod dehiscence has been, and will be, useful for plant breeding, little is known about the molecular genetic basis of shattering resistance in crops. Therefore, we performed map-based cloning to unveil a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) controlling pod dehiscence in soybean.

Effects on flowering and seed yield of dominant alleles at maturity loci E2 and E3 in a Japanese cultivar, Enrei.

'Enrei' is the second leading variety of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in Japan.

Mapping and use of QTLs controlling pod dehiscence in soybean.

While the cultivated soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., is more recalcitrant to pod dehiscence (shattering-resistant) than wild soybean, Glycine soja Sieb.

Pathogenic diversity of Phytophthora sojae and breeding strategies to develop Phytophthora-resistant soybeans.

Phytophthora stem and root rot, caused by Phytophthora sojae, is one of the most destructive diseases of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and the incidence of this disease has been increasing in several soybean-producing areas around the world.

Comparative proteome analysis of high and low cadmium accumulating soybeans under cadmium stress.

A comparative proteomic study was performed to unravel the protein networks involved in cadmium stress response in soybean. Ten-day-old seedlings of contrasting cadmium accumulating soybean cultivars-Harosoy (high cadmium accumulator), Fukuyutaka (low cadmium accumulator), and their recombinant inbred line CDH-80 (high cadmium accumulator) were exposed to 100 μM CdCl(2) treatment for 3 days. Root growth was found to be affected under cadmium stress in all.

Single-base substitution in P1B-ATPase gene is associated with a major QTL for seed cadmium concentration in soybean.

Cadmium (Cd) is a pollutant metal present in soils and toxic to biologic organisms. Previous studies using recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.

The β-conglycinin deficiency in wild soybean is associated with the tail-to-tail inverted repeat of the α-subunit genes.

β-conglycinin, a major seed protein in soybean, is composed of α, α', and β subunits sharing a high homology among them. Despite its many health benefits, β-conglycinin has a lower amino acid score and lower functional gelling properties compared to glycinin, another major soybean seed protein. In addition, the α, α', and β subunits also contain major allergens.

Effects of anaerobic processing of soybean seeds on the properties of tofu.

Oxygenation of lipids during the processing soybeans affects the flavor properties of soy products. We prepared tofu under anaerobic conditions and then evaluated its sensory properties and the compositions of volatiles and oxidized lipids. Anaerobic processing resulted in tofu with less intense richness (kokumi) concomitant with reductions in the amounts of oxidized lipids and volatile compounds.

Difference in chilling-induced flavonoid profiles, antioxidant activity and chilling tolerance between soybean near-isogenic lines for the pubescence color gene.

Chilling tolerance is an important trait of soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] produced in cool climates.

Development of a screening system for the evaluation of soybean volatiles.

Flavor properties are important factors of soybean seeds in their utilization as food materials. In order to isolate novel varieties and mutants of soybean having preferable flavor properties, a simple and efficient screening system was established using an automated headspace sampler coupled to gas chromatography. With this system, five major volatile compounds were analyzed within 12 min.

Oxylipin metabolism in soybean seeds containing different sets of lipoxygenase isozymes after homogenization.

The oxylipin metabolism was analyzed in soybean homogenates containing different sets of lipoxygenase isozymes (L-1, -2, and -3); namely, Suzuyutaka (containing L-1, -2, and -3), Yumeyutaka (containing only L-1), Kanto102 (containing L-2), Kyushu119 (containing L-3), and Ichihime (lacking all three isozymes). The amount of oxidized fatty acids in the esterified form was higher than that in the free form with every cultivar. Kanto102 formed the highest amount of oxidized lipids, and Yumeyutaka and Ichihime formed the lowest.

Accumulation of high levels of free amino acids in soybean seeds through integration of mutations conferring seed protein deficiency.

Soybean ( Glycine max [L.] Merr.) seeds are rich in protein, most of which is contributed by the major storage proteins glycinin (11S globulin) and beta-conglycinin (7S globulin).