A rare case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa enteritis induced by pembrolizumab.

A 72-year-old male had pseudomonal enteritis related to pembrolizumab. Chemotherapy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma with lung metastasis comprised cisplatin, 5-FU, and pembrolizumab. On day 14 of chemotherapy treatment he had a sudden prominent abdominal bulge, decreased consciousness, and drop in blood pressure in septic shock.

Respiratory quinolones can eradicate amoxicillin-induced mature biofilms and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in biofilms.

Objectives: Biofilm is thought to be involved in the persistent bacterial infections caused by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotics against NTHi biofilms.

Methods: A 96-wells pin replicator assay was applied for evaluation of antimicrobial efficacies against NTHi biofilms.

Lateral approach contributes to shortened surgical time in video-assisted neck surgery (VANS) for thyroid nodule.

Background: Despite endoscopic thyroid surgery contributing to excellent cosmetic outcomes, it requires longer surgical time than open surgery. This study evaluates the factors associated with operative time in video-assisted neck surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent hemithyroidectomy by video-assisted neck surgery at a single hospital between 2017 and 2021.

A case of concurrent occurrence of carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation and follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer in the same thyroid.

Carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) is a rare thyroid cancer. This is the first report of a case of concurrent occurrence of CASTLE with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). A 66-year-old male patient had hoarseness with right vocal cord paralysis.

Impact of the practical guideline on appropriate usage of antimicrobial treatments for surgical site infections in reconstructive surgery of head and neck cancer.

Objectives: In 2016, Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and Japan Society for Surgical Infection presented the practical guideline for appropriate usage of antimicrobial agents to prevent postoperative infections. This study aims to exhibit the validity of the guideline as a series of effective strategies for prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs) during reconstructive surgery of the head and neck cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent head and neck reconstructive surgery with free or pedicle flaps in a single institute in Japan between July 2010 and July 2020.

Novel Antimicrobial Treatment Strategy Based on Drug Delivery Systems for Acute Otitis Media.

Despite tremendous success of pneumococcal conjugated vaccine and antimicrobial treatment by amoxicillin, acute otitis media (AOM) still remains as a great medical concern. Failure of antimicrobial treatment includes several factors. The middle ear cavity is surrounded by bone tissue, which makes it difficult to maintain sufficient concentration of antibiotics.

Improvement in the appropriate antimicrobial usage for treating pediatric acute otitis media in Japan: A descriptive study using nation-wide electronic medical record data.

Objectives: We investigated changes in prescriptions for antimicrobial agents to treat children with acute otitis media (AOM).

Methods: A descriptive study using an electronic medical record database. Of 199,896 patients enrolled between 2001 and 2019, a total of 10,797 were aged <16 years and had AOM as their first and primary disease (overall pediatric AOM cohort).

Synchronization of megathrust earthquakes to periodic slow slip events in a single-degree-of-freedom spring-slider model.

Recently recognized slow slip events (SSEs) recurring in the deeper extensions of seismogenic zones along plate boundaries are drawing attention to their potential for triggering megathrust earthquakes that rupture the entire seismogenic zone. We describe how earthquakes simulated in a single-degree-of-freedom model are synchronized to the rhythm of imposed periodic SSEs. The time lag t from the one most recent SSE to a seismic event varies with system parameters and may take a broad range of eligible values between 0 and T (SSE recurrence period).

Transient receptor potential channels in the inner ear: presence of transient receptor potential channel subfamily 1 and 4 in the guinea pig inner ear.

Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that transient receptor potential subfamily 1 (TRPV1) may play a functional role in sensory cell physiology and that TRPV4 may be important for fluid homeostasis in the inner ear.

Objective: To analyze the expression of TRPV1 and -4 in the normal guinea pig inner ear.

Material And Methods: Albino guinea pigs were used.

Radical scavengers for Ménière's disease after failure of conventional therapy: a pilot study.

Objective: To perform a trial to assess the efficacy of radical scavengers, i.e. rebamipide, vitamin C and glutathione, for the treatment of Ménière's disease (MD).