Sex differences in ischaemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury depends on the degradation of noradrenaline by monoamine oxidase.

Ischaemic acute kidney injury (AKI) is a leading killer of both sexes; however, resistance to this injury is higher among women than men. We found that renal venous noradrenaline (NAd) overflow after reperfusion played important roles in the development of ischaemic AKI, and that the attenuation of AKI observed in female rats may be dependent on depressing the renal sympathetic nervous system with endogenous oestrogen. In the present study, we used male and female Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate whether sex differences in the pathogenesis of ischaemic AKI are related to the degradation of NAd by monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the kidney.

Involvement of renal sympathetic nerve overactivation in the progression of chronic kidney disease in rats.

Time-dependent changes in the renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have not been investigated, despite the fact that renal sympathetic nervous system is augmented in the condition of CKD. In the present study, we examined time-dependent changes in RSNA and renal venous norepinephrine concentrations for 12 weeks using 5 of 6 nephrectomized CKD rats. Both RSNA and norepinephrine concentrations were increased during the early phase in the progression of CKD.