Urban versus rural differences of hip fractures among the elderly in Kyoto, Japan: a 10-year study.

Unlabelled: Secular changes in the incidence rate of hip fractures were estimated to vary by fracture type, i.e., femoral neck or trochanteric fractures, age, and sex, in urban or rural areas in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan from 2008 to 2017.

Hip fractures among the elderly in Kyoto, Japan: a 10-year study.

Unlabelled: In Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, the number of hip fractures increased during 2013-2017 compared to 2008-2012. However, the estimated overall incidence rate increased only in femoral neck fractures in men aged ≥75 and women aged ≥85.

Purpose: The incidence rate of hip fractures in Japan has plateaued or decreased.

A modified Terrono classification for Type 1 thumb deformity in rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional analysis.

The most common thumb deformity in rheumatoid arthritis is Nalebuff Type 1 deformity (boutonniere deformity). Type 1 deformity severely impairs hand function, and this impairment is evaluated by the Terrono classification. In some cases, the Terrono classification incorrectly categorizes advanced thumb deformity into earlier stages.

Degeneration of the Sacroiliac Joint in Hip Osteoarthritis Patients: A Three-Dimensional Image Analysis.

Objective: The sacroiliac joint is an important source of low back pain and may be influenced by pathologies in adjoining structures such as the hip or the spine. This study aimed to investigate the influence of hip osteoarthritis on sacroiliac joint degeneration by examining the sacroiliac joints of hip osteoarthritis patients, focusing on the localization and quantity of vacuum phenomena.

Materials And Methods: The preoperative computed tomography (CT) of 31 female hip replacement candidates (mean age 69.

A new assessment tool for ulnar drift in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using pathophysiological parameters of the metacarpophalangeal joint.

Objectives: To establish a new assessment tool for ulnar drift (UD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: We established an observational cohort of 67 patients (134 rheumatoid hands) beginning in 2004. Fifty-two patients (100 hands) had follow-up in 2009 and 37 patients (63 hands) completed follow-up in 2015.

A PTH-responsive circadian clock operates in ex vivo mouse femur fracture healing site.

The circadian clock contains clock genes including Bmal1 and Period2, and it maintains an interval rhythm of approximately 24 hours (the circadian rhythm) in various organs including growth plate and articular cartilage. As endochondral ossification is involved not only in growth plate but also in fracture healing, we investigated the circadian clock functions in fracture sites undergoing healing. Our fracture models using external fixation involved femurs of Period2::Luciferase knock-in mice which enables the monitoring of endogenous circadian clock state via bioluminescence.

Prediction of radiographic progression in synovitis-positive joints on maximum intensity projection of magnetic resonance imaging in rheumatoid arthritis.

Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with maximum intensity projection (MRI-MIP) is an easy, useful imaging method to evaluate synovitis in rheumatoid hands. However, the prognosis of synovitis-positive joints on MRI-MIP has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between synovitis visualized by MRI-MIP and joint destruction on X-rays in rheumatoid hands.

Parathyroid hormone resets the cartilage circadian clock of the organ-cultured murine femur.

Background And Purpose: The circadian clock governs endogenous day-night variations. In bone, the metabolism and growth show diurnal rhythms. The circadian clock is based on a transcription-translation feedback loop composed of clock genes including Period2 (Per2), which encodes the protein period circadian protein homolog 2.

MAML1 enhances the transcriptional activity of Runx2 and plays a role in bone development.

Mastermind-like 1 (MAML1) is a transcriptional co-activator in the Notch signaling pathway. Recently, however, several reports revealed novel and unique roles for MAML1 that are independent of the Notch signaling pathway. We found that MAML1 enhances the transcriptional activity of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), a transcription factor essential for osteoblastic differentiation and chondrocyte proliferation and maturation.

DNA binding-dependent glucocorticoid receptor activity promotes adipogenesis via Krüppel-like factor 15 gene expression.

Glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone, have been used as in vitro inducers of adipogenesis. However, the roles of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in adipogenesis have not been well characterized yet. Here, we show that inhibition of GR activity using the GR antagonist RU486 prevents human mesenchymal stem cell and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) differentiation into adipocytes.

The transcriptional network that controls growth arrest and differentiation in a human myeloid leukemia cell line.

Using deep sequencing (deepCAGE), the FANTOM4 study measured the genome-wide dynamics of transcription-start-site usage in the human monocytic cell line THP-1 throughout a time course of growth arrest and differentiation. Modeling the expression dynamics in terms of predicted cis-regulatory sites, we identified the key transcription regulators, their time-dependent activities and target genes. Systematic siRNA knockdown of 52 transcription factors confirmed the roles of individual factors in the regulatory network.

Identification of NR5A1 (SF-1/AD4BP) gene expression modulators by large-scale gain and loss of function studies.

Nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 1 (NR5A1 previously known as SF-1/AD4BP) is a transcription factor involved in the development of adrenal/gonadal tissues and steroidogenic lineage cell differentiation in adult somatic stem cells. To understand the cellular signaling network that regulates NR5A1 gene expression, loss of function screening with an siRNA kinome library, and gain of function screening with an addressable full-length cDNA library representing one quarter of the human genome was carried out. The NR5A1 gene expression was activated in mesenchymal stem cells by siRNA directed against protein kinase C (PKC)-delta, erb-B3, RhoGAP (ARHGAP26), and hexokinase 2, none of which were previously known to be involved in the NR5A1 gene expression.

Increased microvascular permeability in early stage of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis: its interaction with lansoprazole binding sites.

To clarify the microvascular changes and the effector sites of lansoprazole during the formation of colitis, the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis was induced by the oral administration for 3 and 7 days. The alteration of the microvascular permeability was estimated by the intraaortic infusion of FITC-dextran. The effector sites of 3H-lansoprazole were examined by the intraaortic infusion of the radiolabelled compound and the autoradiographic procedure of water-soluble compounds.

[Genome-wide analysis for transcriptional regulation of chondrogenesis-related genes].

Transcriptional factor Sox9 plays a central role in development of chondrogenesis with stage specificity and in tissue specificity. Sox9 with a number of transcriptional cofactors is a critical regulator in genes such as COL2, chondorocyte specific gene. We report here our new large scale approaches : 1) Whole mount in situ hybridization (WISH), 2) High through-put human cDNA transfection assay.

Lansoprazole binding to the neutrophils in dextran sulfate sodium-induced rat colitis.

To clarify the effector sites of lansoprazole in the colonic mucosa during the formation of colitis, dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis was induced by the oral administration of 3% aqueous solution for 3 and 7 days. The effector sites of [3H]lansoprazole were examined by the intra-aortic infusion of the radiolabelled compound and the autoradiographic tracing of water-soluble compounds. As a result, the [3H]lansoprazole binding in the control rat colon was negligible, while in dextran sulfate sodium-treated rats specific binding sites of [3H]lansoprazole were recognized in the cytoplasm of the mesenchymal cells, and most of them coincided with polymorphonuclear leucocytes and macrophages.

Pelvic lymphocyst infection associated with maternally inherited diabetes mellitus.

A 45-year-old woman with 20-year history of diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital because of high fever and abdominal pain. Radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy had been performed 4 months before admission for invasive cervical cancer. On admission, elastic hard tumors were palpable in the lower abdomen.