Depth of Invasion Threshold for Recommending Elective Neck Dissection in T1 or T2 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: There is variability in the literature on the role of the depth of invasion (DOI) for recommending an elective neck dissection (END).

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to estimate the DOI threshold for recommending an END.

Study Design, Setting, Sample: A retrospective cohort study was performed at McGill University Health Centre from 2008 to 2018 with 5 years of follow-up.

Prevalence, Predictors, and Cross-Resistance of Community-Acquired Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales in Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections in Israel.

This retrospective study evaluates the incidence and risk factors of community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) linked to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBLPE). The study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in northern Israel and included children younger than 18 years with CA-UTIs due to Enterobacterales who were admitted to the emergency department, during the years 2017 to 2019. Among the 570 children, 9.

Whole-exome screening for primary congenital glaucoma in Lebanon.

Purpose: Mutations were previously identified in the CYP1B1 gene in six out of 18 Lebanese families (33%) with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency and type of pathogenic mutations in other genes and compare to other populations using whole-exome sequencing and perform genotype-phenotype correlations.

Methods: Twelve PCG patients previously negative for CYP1B1/MYOC mutations were subjected to whole-exome sequencing.

Development of Neovasculature in Axially Vascularized Calcium Phosphate Cement Scaffolds.

Augmenting the vascular supply to generate new tissues, a crucial aspect in regenerative medicine, has been challenging. Recently, our group showed that calcium phosphate can induce the formation of a functional neo-angiosome without the need for microsurgical arterial anastomosis. This was a preclinical proof of concept for biomaterial-induced luminal sprouting of large-diameter vessels.

Plasma Glycated Hemoglobin A1c Could Predict 30-Day All-cause Mortality of Intensive Care Unit Patients with Hyperglycemia.

Background: An increased serum glucose level is a common finding among patients admitted to hospital with acute illness, including the intensive care unit (ICU), even without a history of previous diabetes mellitus (DM). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is not only a diagnostic tool for DM but may also has prognostic value for diabetic and non-diabetic populations.

Objectives: To assess the relationship between HbA1c level on admission and clinical outcome among patients admitted to the ICU due to cardiopulmonary disorders with hyperglycemia.

Single-Implant Overdentures Retained by a Novel Attachment: A Mixed Methods Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Single-implant mandibular overdentures (SIMOs) are one of the least invasive implant treatments for edentulism. The new Novaloc attachment system can improve the clinical performance of implant-retained overdentures but has not been tested for SIMOs.

Objectives: To compare Novaloc and a gold standard system (Locator) for SIMOs in an edentate elderly population in terms of patient-reported outcomes and device- and treatment-related complications.

Skeletal regeneration for segmental bone loss: Vascularised grafts, analogues and surrogates.

Massive segmental bone defects (SBD) are mostly treated by removing the fibula and transplanting it complete with blood supply. While revolutionary 50 years ago, this remains the standard treatment. This review considers different strategies to repair SBD and emerging potential replacements for this highly invasive procedure.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor with maxillary metastasis: a case report and literature review.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) form commonly in the stomach, small intestine, colorectum, and esophagus. Metastatic GIST occurs in up to 50% of patients at presentation. The liver and peritoneal cavity are the most common (93%) metastatic sites; head and neck metastases are extremely rare.

Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses in Israel, 2010-2019.

In a multicenter, nationwide, retrospective study of patients hospitalized with spotted fever group rickettsiosis in Israel during 2010-2019, we identified 42 cases, of which 36 were autochthonous. The most prevalent species was the Rickettsia conorii Israeli tick typhus strain (n = 33, 79%); infection with this species necessitated intensive care for 52% of patients and was associated with a 30% fatality rate. A history of tick bite was rare, found for only 5% of patients; eschar was found in 12%; and leukocytosis was more common than leukopenia.

Efficient in-house 3D printing of an orthognathic splint for single-jaw cases.

The purpose of this paper is to outline a simple and effective digital protocol for in-house 3D-printing of orthognathic splints for use during single-jaw orthognathic surgery. Using this protocol, an intraoral scanner, and virtual planning software, computer-designed splints were fabricated by a rapid prototyping machine in-house. The protocol was utilized for 35 consecutive patients requiring single-jaw orthognathic surgery between January 2019 and March 2020.

Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Cardiac Autonomic Responses: A Cross-Sectional Study.

It has been suggested that some of the adverse, long-term cardiovascular outcomes of smoking are mediated by impaired autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity. Yet, this association is currently inconclusive. Heart rate variability (HRV) and the deep breathing test (DBT) represent common quantitative markers of ANS activity due to their simplicity and reliability.

Sex differences in gene expression with galactosylceramide treatment in Cln3Δex7/8 mice.

Background: CLN3 disease is caused by mutations in the CLN3 gene. The purpose of this study is to discern global expression patterns reflecting therapeutic targets in CLN3 disease.

Methods: Differential gene expression in vehicle-exposed mouse brain was determined after intraperitoneal vehicle/Galactosylceramide (GalCer) injections for 40 weeks with GeneChip Mouse Genome 430 2.

Exogenous Flupirtine as Potential Treatment for CLN3 Disease.

CLN3 disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder affecting children. Hallmarks include brain atrophy, accelerated neuronal apoptosis, and ceramide elevation. Treatment regimens are supportive, highlighting the importance of novel, disease-modifying drugs.

Assessment of the CHA2DS2-VASc Score in Predicting Mortality and Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes of Patients on Hemodialysis.

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing chronic hemodialysis are at high mortality and cardiovascular risk. This study was aimed to assess whether the CHA2DS2-VASc score may be used for risk stratification of this population.

Methods: Included were patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis at Meir Medical Center.

Ranitidine Impairs Bone Healing and Implant Osseointegration in Rats' Tibiae.

Purpose: Ranitidine has been found to have an impact on bone metabolism by suppressing osteoclastogenesis. We hypothesized that the use of ranitidine would impair bone healing and implant osseointegration. This study investigated the effect of postoperative administration of ranitidine on bone healing and osseointegration in rats.

In-House Surgeon-Led Virtual Surgical Planning for Maxillofacial Reconstruction.

Purpose: Virtual surgical planning (VSP) and custom fabricated cutting guides for maxillofacial reconstruction have been shown to improve the accuracy of bony reconstruction and overall surgical efficiency and decrease the ischemia time. Our aim was to describe an in-house VSP technique for maxillofacial reconstructive procedures.

Materials And Methods: We used 2 free software applications.

Material-Induced Venosome-Supported Bone Tubes.

The development of alternatives to vascular bone grafts, the current clinical standard for the surgical repair of large segmental bone defects still today represents an unmet medical need. The subcutaneous formation of transplantable bone has been successfully achieved in scaffolds axially perfused by an arteriovenous loop (AVL) and seeded with bone marrow stromal cells or loaded with inductive proteins. Although demonstrating clinical potential, AVL-based approaches involve complex microsurgical techniques and thus are not in widespread use.

Treatment of Critical-Sized Calvarial Defects in Rats with Preimplanted Transplants.

The local environment and the defect features have made the skull one of the most difficult regions to repair. Finding alternative strategies to repair large cranial defects, thereby avoiding the current limitations of autograft or polymeric and ceramic prostheses constitute an unmet need. In this study, the regeneration of an 8 mm critical-sized calvarial defect treated by autograft or by a monetite scaffold directly placed in the defect or preimplanted (either cranial bone transplant or subcutaneous pocket) and then transplanted within the bone defect is compared.

Exogenous Galactosylceramide as Potential Treatment for CLN3 Disease.

Objective: CLN3 disease is the commonest of the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses, a group of pediatric neurodegenerative disorders. Functions of the CLN3 protein include antiapoptotic properties and facilitating anterograde transport of galactosylceramide from Golgi to lipid rafts. This study confirms the beneficial effects of long-term exogenous galactosylceramide supplementation on longevity, neurobehavioral parameters, neuronal cell counts, astrogliosis, and diminution in brain and serum ceramide levels in Cln3 knock-in mice.

A Comprehensive Clinical Care Pathway for Microvascular Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery.

Purpose: Clinical care pathways (CCPs) for major surgical procedures are less developed. We describe the development of a comprehensive microvascular maxillofacial reconstruction CCP and evaluate the impact.

Materials And Methods: Our team developed a comprehensive CCP for patients undergoing microvascular free flap reconstruction for benign or malignant tumors.

Delays in oral cavity cancer.

While the prognosis for early-stage oral cavity cancer is relatively good; the majority of patients are still diagnosed with advanced-stage disease on presentation with an associated poorer prognosis. The aims of this review are to summarize our current understanding of delays in oral cavity cancer and their impact on stage at diagnosis and survival. The delays pathway can be subdivided into three components: patient, professional, and treatment delays.

Developmental Comparison of Ceramide in Wild-Type and Mouse Brains and Sera.

CLN3 disease is a neurodevelopmental disease leading to early visual failure, motor decline, and death. CLN3 pathogenesis has been linked to dysregulation of ceramide, a key intracellular messenger impacting various biological functions. Ceramide is upregulated in brains of CLN3 patients and activates apoptosis.

Consecutive Measures of CRP Correlate with Length of Hospital Stay in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is crucial to its proper management and to combating antibiotic resistance. Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) have been shown to distinguish pneumonia from other pathological conditions and can be used to control the severity of infection during admission.

Objectives: To investigate an association between consecutive measurements of CRP and the severity of CAP in hospitalized patients.