Electrochemical advanced oxidation combined to electro-Fenton for effective treatment of perfluoroalkyl substances "PFAS" in water using a Magnéli phase-based anode.

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known as "forever chemicals", are posing a considerable threat to human health and the environment, that conventional treatment methods are unable to treat. In recent years, electrochemical advanced oxidation emerged as a promising technology for the degradation of recalcitrant pollutants such as PFAS. This work reports the degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), using a Magnéli phase-based anode type TiO by electro-oxidation and electro-oxidation combined with electro-Fenton.

TiO/PDA Multilayer Nanocomposites with Exceptionally Sharp Large-Scale Interfaces and Nitrogen Doping Gradient.

The evolving field of photocatalysis requires the development of new functional materials, particularly those suitable for large-scale commercial systems. One particularly promising approach is the creation of hybrid organic/inorganic materials. Despite being extensively studied, materials such as polydopamine (PDA) and titanium oxide continue to show significant promise for use in such applications.

Primary hydatid cyst of the spleen: A rare case report and literature review.

Hydatidosis is an endemic disease in certain areas in the world particularly in the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and South America, caused by a cestode known as Echinococcus granulosus. Humans are the accidental intermediate hosts. The liver and the lungs are the most commonly involved organ.

Comparative expression of trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) in the different molecular subtypes of invasive breast carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study of 94 therapy-naive primary breast tumors.

Background: Sacituzumab govitecan, targeting trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2), is approved for the treatment of triple-negative and hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancers. However, detailed studies comparing TROP2 protein expression in the different molecular subtypes of breast cancer are limited, and definitive evidence supporting the use of TROP2 as a biomarker for predicting response to this agent in patients with breast cancer is currently lacking.

Objective: To compare the expression of TROP2 in the different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

CaCuTiO Perovskite Materials for Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment.

The many pollutants detected in water represent a global environmental issue. Emerging and persistent organic pollutants are particularly difficult to remove using traditional treatment methods. Electro-oxidation and sulfate-radical-based advanced oxidation processes are innovative removal methods for these contaminants.

N-Doped HNT/TiO Nanocomposite by Electrospinning for Acetaminophen Degradation.

In this study, we combined electrospinning of a large amount of halloysite (HNT, 95%) with nitriding to produce N-HNT-TiO composite nanofibers (N-H95T5 hereafter) to be used for acetaminophen (ACT) photodegradation. Investigation of the morphological and structural properties of the obtained materials did not highlight any significant difference in their morphological features and confirmed that nitrogen was evenly distributed in the samples. Photocatalytic tests under visible light showed that acetaminophen photodegraded faster in the presence of samples with nitrogen (N-H95T5) than without (H95T5 nanofibers).

Two distinct pathogenic pathways of digital papillary adenocarcinoma - BRAF mutation or low-risk HPV infection.

Digital papillary adenocarcinoma (DPA) is a rare neoplasm that can exhibit local recurrence and distant metastasis. We present a series of eight cases of DPA showing two distinct clinical presentations, morphologies, immunophenotypes, and molecular features. Four cases were characterized by painless, slow-growing nodules located on the digits.

Molecular characterization of visible low-grade dysplastic lesions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

We studied pathogenic gene mutations and tumor mutation burden (TMB) in visible low-grade dysplastic lesions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The dysplastic lesions with histologically normal mucosa in the background (group 1) were compared with dysplastic lesions occurring either in a background of chronic active colitis (group 2) or associated with synchronous carcinomas regardless of the status of the background mucosa (group 3). The TMB in group 3 was consistently higher in comparison to the group 1 and group 2 lesions, although the difference was not statistically significant.

An open reduction and internal fixation of a Pipkin type 1 fracture: A case report.

•A rare case of a Pipkin fracture type 1.•Emphasizing the importance of using clinical radiology precisely.•Using ORIF procedure urgently has significant better outcomes.

Rapid onset and unpredicted findings of a giant nodular melanoma arising on a congenital nevus: a case report.

Melanoma is a malignancy that develops from pigment-producing cells known as melanocytes. Although it is considered one of the most fatal tumors in the world, its early diagnosis is associated with a better prognosis and overall survival. A 49-year-old man was admitted to the dermatology department with a 15 cm lesion on the left arm.

Recurrence of COVID-19 infection symptoms in short time; reinfection or reactivation? Three cases of three healthcare workers and a literature review.

Background: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many research papers have been published focusing on some recurrence cases of symptoms after a long period of free symptoms with a negative RT-PCR retest. There is no crucial evidence until now of the possibility of recurrence, immune system reactivation, or reinfection.

Methods: Three cases of resident doctors who recovered from COVID-19 but represented symptoms with new positive RT-PCR were discussed.

A Review of COVID-19 in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome: Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Dyslipidemia.

Although severe cases and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are proportionally infrequent, these cases are strongly linked to patients with conditions of metabolic syndrome (obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia). However, the pathophysiology of COVID-19 in relation to metabolic syndrome is not well understood. Thus, the goal of this secondary literature review was to examine the relationship between severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the individual conditions of metabolic syndrome.

US Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Epsilon Variant: Highly Transmissible but With an Adjusted Muted Host T-Cell Response.

Background: The multiple mutations comprising the epsilon variant demonstrate the independent convergent evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), with its spike protein mutation L452R present in the delta (L452R), kappa (L452R), and lambda (L452Q) variants.

Methods: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) variants were detected in 1017 patients using whole-genome sequencing and were assessed for outcome and severity. The mechanistic effects of the epsilon versus non-epsilon variants were investigated using a multiomic approach including cellular response assays and paired cell and host transcriptomic and proteomic profiling.

Lymphoblastic lymphoma in two young siblings (coincidence or genetics?): two case reports.

Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the fourth most common malignancy in children, and it is not considered to be a hereditary disorder. However, it could affect members from the same family.

Case Presentation: We are presenting two cases of Caucasian female siblings who were diagnosed with mediastinal lymphoblastic lymphoma in the same year.

Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) phenotype in fragile X premutation carriers: case series.

Background: While an association between full mutation CGG-repeat expansions of the () gene and connective tissue problems are clearly described, problems in fragile X premutation carriers (fXPCs) CGG-repeat range (55-200 repeats) of the gene may be overlooked.

Objective: To report five fXPCs cases with the hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) phenotype.

Methods: We collected medical histories and molecular measures from five cases who presented with joint hypermobility and loose connective tissue and met inclusion criteria for hEDS.

The role of double-guidewire technique in preventing postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.

Background And Study Aims: Postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) complications increase with repeated cannulation attempts. We evaluated several advanced biliary cannulation techniques, which have been used when the standard approach fails, to increase the success rate and decrease post-ERCP complications. We aimed to evaluate the use of double-wire technique in terms of success rates and effects on post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) and to assess the value of pancreatic duct stenting following needle-knife sphincterotomy in difficult biliary cannulation.

Diagnostic challenge of a cystic solid pseudopapillary tumor in pancreas: A case report.

A solid pseudopapillary tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of every pancreatic cystic lesion. A constellation of microscopic morphology and immunohistochemistry, in addition to the clinical history, aids in reaching the correct diagnosis.

Improvement in plasma D-dimer level in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection can be an indicator of fibrinolysis suppression: Case reports.

Rationale: Fibrinolysis shutdown associated with severe thrombotic complications is a recently recognized syndrome that was previously seldom investigated in patients with severe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. It presents a unique therapeutic dilemma, as anticoagulation with heparin alone is insufficient to address the imbalance in fibrinolysis. And while the use of fibrinolytic agents could limit the disease severity, it is often associated with bleeding complications.

Personal Protective Equipment for Endoscopy in Low-Resource Settings During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Guidance From the World Gastroenterology Organisation.

Performance of endoscopic procedures is associated with a risk of infection from COVID-19. This risk can be reduced by the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). However, shortage of PPE has emerged as an important issue in managing the pandemic in both traditionally high and low-resource areas.

Cell polarity (the 'four lines') distinguishes gastric dysplasia from epithelial changes in reactive gastropathy.

Aims: Gastric dysplasia is a risk factor for synchronous and subsequent gastric carcinoma. Distinguishing gastric dysplasia from reactive changes is subject to interobserver disagreement and is a frequent reason for expert consultation. We previously used assessment of surface cell polarity (the 'four lines') as a key feature to decrease equivocal diagnoses in Barrett oesophagus.

Case report about the management of a late Gastro-Gastric Fistula after Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass, with the finding of an unexpected foreign body.

Background: Gastro-Gastric Fistula is a rare but potentially serious complication of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. Orogastric tube stapling is an adverse bariatric surgery iatrogenic complication that surgeons should be aware of and that has rarely been described.

Clinical Case: A 51-year-old patient, operated in our University Hospital Center of a Gastric Bypass 3 years ago, presented on consultation with anemia and weight regain (BMI 36).

Large paraesophageal hernia in elderly patients: Two case reports of laparoscopic posterior cruroplasty and anterior gastropexy.

Background: Paraesophageal hernia (PEH) is a rare form of hiatal hernia, which commonly occurs in elderly people. Although asymptomatic, it can be associated with severe life-threatening complications, such as gastric volvulus. Surgical treatment is reserved for symptomatic patients.