Synthesis and Biological Activity of Several Modified 5-Androstanolone Derivatives.

Several new N-containing epiandrosterone derivatives modified by phenylacetic acid chloride were synthesized for biological activity studies. Compounds with antiviral activity were discovered among them and 3β-hydroxy-1'-aryl-3'-methyl-5'-androstano[17,16-d]pyrazolines prepared by us earlier.

Unusual formation of ()-11-(amino-methyl-ene)-8,9,10,11-tetra-hydro-pyrido[2',3':4,5]pyrimido[1,2-]azepin-5(7)-one and its crystal structure.

Selective C-formyl-ation of 8,9,10,11-tetra-hydro-pyrido[2',3':4,5]pyrimido[1,2-]-azepin-5(7)-one has been studied for the first time. It was revealed that formyl-ation proceeds by the formation of an inter-mediate salt, which due to the re-amination process on treatment with aqueous ammonia transformed into the corresponding ()-11-(amino-methyl-ene)-8,9,10,11-tetra-hydro-pyrido[2',3':4,5]-pyrimido[1,2-]azepin-5(7)-one, CHNO, as an -isomer. Formyl-ation was carried out by Vilsmeier-Haack reagent and the structure of the synthesized compound was confirmed by X-ray structural analysis, spectroscopic and LC-MS methods.

[Linear accelerator-based stereotactic radiotherapy in combined treatment of skull base chordomas].

Short-term results of postoperative stereotactic linear accelerator-based radiation treatment of 18 patients with cranial base chordomas are analyzed. Total dose was 70 Gy or more. Control of tumor growth confirmed by CT and/or MRI was achieved in 15 cases (83%).

[Stereotactic radiotherapy and radiosurgery in treatment of patients with intracranial schwannomas].

Aim of this study is to assess the role of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and radiotherapy (SRT) in management of cranial nerves schwannomas by analysis of tumor control, clinical response and variables affecting treatment outcomes. Between April 2005 and January 2009 patients with schwannomas of VIII (63), V (14) and caudal nerves (2) were treated in Burdenko Moscow Neurosurgical Institute using linear accelerator. Mean age was 49 years (13-82).

[Histobiological features of posterior cranial fossa meningiomas and their impact on follow-up].

Total removal of posterior cranial fossa meningiomas often leads to complications due to localization, direction and nature of tumor growth. Radical excision as well as histological grade are the principal factors determining recurrence of disease in follow-up period. The paper evaluates the role of ki67 in progression of posterior cranial fossa meningiomas.

[Topographic variants of cranial chordomas].

The objective of this study was to investigate variants of localization of cranial chordomas. We examined 220 patients treated in Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute (Moscow, Russia) since 1985 till 2007. In the vast majority of cases (93%) tumors were localized in sellar region (34%), clivus (32%) and craniovertebral junction (27%).

[Surgical treatment of skull base chordomas].

The paper analyses the series of 220 observations of patients with cranial chordomas operated in Burdenko Neusurgical Institute (Moscow, Russia) since 1984 till 2007. Tumors were localized in sellar region (34.1%), clival region (32.

[Vascular decompression in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia].

Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by unilateral paroxysmal facial pain. Patients often describe this pain as "the most sever pain one can suffer". Vascular compression of trigeminal nerve root directly near brainstem by artery or vein is considered the main etiology of trigeminal neuralgia.

[Malignant tumors involving the skull base: methods of treatment and results].

The paper presents experience with surgical and combined treatment of 197 patients with malignant tumors involving the skull base and extracranially originating. The authors have defined indications for and contraindications to different types of surgical treatment, developed methods for radical and palliative tumor removal, which are based on a comprehensive approach considering the basic principles of oncology and neurosurgery. Assessing the immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment by mathematical statistical methods could reveal the major factors influencing survival rates in patients after surgery and the duration of a relapse-free period.

[Abdominal tuberculosis in the clinical picture of visceral diseases].

The present-day situation requires that a physician should be broad-minded and alert to abdominal tuberculosis. To diagnose abdominal tuberculosis in internal medicine is a challenge, which has been evidenced by studies of the clinical picture of abdominal tuberculosis in 75 patients. The polymorphism and clinical features of abdominal tuberculosis under the present conditions are shown.

[Hemangioblastomas of central nervous system].

Hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system are benign, richly blood-supplied tumors that may be encountered in its any part, more commonly in the cerebellar hemispheres. Supratentorially, they occur rarely. In the literature there are reports on less than 100 cases of tumors at this site.

[Preoperative embolization of the internal carotid artery in surgical treatment of meningioma in the base of the anterior and middle cranial fossae].

Preoperative embolization is a widely used technique that may decrease blood supply to rich-vascurized tumors of the brain. Its use allows a neurosurgeon to safely remove a tumor of different histological nature and site. The objects of preoperative embolization are most commonly meningiomas at convexital or parasagittal sites.

[Primary meningioma of the ventricle IV].

A clinical observation of a rare neurosurgical pathology, i.e. meningioma growing in the cavity of ventricle IV, is reported.

[Neurinomas and neurofibromas of the jugular foramen: diagnosis and surgical treatment].

The paper analyzes the authors' experience in treating 16 patients with neurinomas and neurofibromas of the jugular foramen. A tumor was located intracranially (Type A) in 1 case, at the level of the base of the skull (Type B) in 7 cases, extracranially (type C) in 3 cases, and extra- and intracranially (Type D) in 5. All the patients were operated on.

[Surgical treatment of meningiomas of the craniovertebral junction].

The results of surgical treatment in 21 patients with meningiomas of the craniovertebral junction are presented. Main clinical diagnostic criteria in relation to the site of a tumor relative to the brain stem are considered. The basic surgical approaches used in the surgical treatment of meningiomas of the craniovertebral junction are described.

[Retrosigmoid suboccipital access].

Retrosigmoid suboccipital access has been widely used in neurosurgical care for more than a century. It has been employed in different vascular diseases and tumors of the brain. The authors provide examples of how to use the retrosigmoid suboccipital access, a patient's position during its application and techniques.

[Compression of the inferior cerebellar artery-induced compression of the medulla oblongata in Arnold-Chiari malformation as a cause of essential hypertension].

Cerebrovascular abnormalities (primarily looping of cerebellar arteries) are almost without exception concurrent with the Arnold-Chiari syndrome and hydrocephalus. Persistent essential hypertension may be a manifestation of pathological vessel-brain contact. Customary microvascular decompression may lead to blood pressure stabilization in the postoperative period for a long time.

[Surgical treatment of cholesteatomas (epidermoid cysts) of the posterior cranial fossa].

In 1985 to 2000, the Academician N. N. Burdenko Research Institute of Neurosurgery, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, examined and operated on 78 patients with epidermoidal cysts of the posterior cranial fossa.

Petroclival meningioma. An attempt to define the role of skull base approaches in their surgical management.

Background: Petroclival meningiomas represent a difficult surgical challenge. The introduction of modern techniques of skull base surgery has stimulated the interest of the neurosurgical community in the surgical management of these lesions, although very good results have been obtained by experienced neurosurgeons in cases of petroclival meningioma operated using traditional surgical approaches.

Methods: Thirty-one cases of petroclival meningioma have been operated on during a 4-year period using two different philosophies as far as the approach.

[Surgery of the base of the skull].

To treat pathological processes, primarily tumors, in the base of the skull is one of the most intricate neurosurgical problems. In the past decade, interest in this problem has greatly increased due to the advent of new methods of diagnosis, up-to-date neurosurgical equipment and to a greater cooperation of physicians of related disciplines: ophthalmologists, otosurgeons, plastic surgeons. The authors present and summarize the experience accumulated by the researchers of the N.

[Variants in the growth of meningiomas of the base of the skull spreading into the orbit and paranasal sinuses].

Meningiomas of the skull base involving the orbit and paranasal sinuses were diagnosed in 254 patients. The patients were operated on in 1982-1991. All craniocephalic meningiomas involve the anterior skull base bones.

[The 2-stage surgical treatment of a giant chordoma of the clivus growing into the oropharynx and posterior cranial fossa].

Chordomas are relatively rare dysontogenetic tumors developing from the remnants of the spinal chord. Intracranial chordomas consist of 85% of all chordomas. Slowly progressive growth with destructive osteolysis in adjacent bones and low metastatic potential are specific for chordomas.

[Primary malignant B-cell lymphoma of the cerebellum in an elderly female patient].

A 72-year-old woman with malignant B-cell cerebellar lymphoma was operated on. Postoperative combined chemotherapy was performed. Immunohistological investigations of specimen are demonstrated.

[An approach to an esthesioneuroblastoma of the anterior cranial fossa via the anterior wall of the hypertrophied frontal sinus].

A 40-year-old patient with anterior cranial fossa esthesioblastoma was operated on. Surgical approach via anterior wall of enlarged frontal sinus was used. After removal of tumor from anterior cranial fossa, ethmoidal and frontal sinuses, skull base defect was closed with abdominal fat and periosteum.