Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Cholestatic Infants with Biliary Atresia.

Biliary atresia (BA) is an obstructive cholangiopathy that involves the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. Ultrasound (US) can aid in evaluation of the biliary system and be efficiently used in daily practice. However, most studies on US for diagnosing BA have been conducted in developed countries.

Uncommon splenic cysts in paediatric patients: A case series.

Splenic cysts are uncommon and classified into parasitic and non-parasitic origins. Non-parasitic cysts are further categorised into primary and secondary forms; primary cysts develop congenitally and progress into adulthood and secondary cysts result from factors such as abdominal trauma, infection or ischemia. This case series presents three instances of splenic cysts in children.

Comparing sedative and non-sedative reduction techniques in paediatric intussusception: Insights from a 6-year study.

Introduction: Intussusception is a prevalent paediatric emergency condition. The standard of care involves the reduction using air or fluid enema is considered a safe procedure. Sedation-induced muscle relaxation thus optimising the treatment.

Association between eosinophilia and lymphocytosis with functional outcomes of patients with Hirschsprung disease following transabdominal Yancey-Soave pull-through.

Introduction: Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a disorder caused by the failure of neural crest migration leading to an aganglionic colon and functional obstruction. Transabdominal Yancey-Soave pull-through is one of the definitive therapies for this condition. Prognostic factors, including sex, aganglionosis type, age at definitive surgery, nutritional status, eosinophilia and lymphocytosis, might influence the outcomes of the pull-through.

Collagen gene cluster expression and liver fibrogenesis in patients with biliary atresia: a preliminary study.

Objective: Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive fibro-obliterative disease of the biliary tract, which results in end-stage liver disease. However, liver fibrosis progression may continue even after Kasai surgery. Recent evidence showed that collagen plays a pivotal role in the progression of liver fibrosis in BA.

Exome sequencing identifies novel genes and variants in patients with Hirschsprung disease.

Background: Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a complex genetic disease characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the intestines, leading to a functional obstruction in infants. At least 24 genes have been identified for the pathogenesis of HSCR. They contributed to approximately 72% of HSCR cases.

Comparison and impact of associated anomalies on the anal position index in neonates with anorectal malformation.

Objective: Some prognostic factors have affected the functional outcomes of patients with anorectal malformations (ARM) after definitive surgery, including the associated anomalies. Moreover, the anal position index (API) study in neonates from developing countries is minimal. We aimed to (1) compare the API between neonates with ARM and controls; and (2) determine the impact of associated anomalies on the API in neonates with ARM.

Comparison of Two Different Cut-Off Values of Scoring System for Diagnosis of Hirschsprung-Associated Enterocolitis After Transanal Endorectal Pull-Through.

Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a major contributor in the mortality of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) patients that can occur both preoperatively and post-operatively. Several cut-off values of HAEC score have been used, i.e.

TGFβ expression on different suturing technique for abdominal skin wound closure in rats.

Background: The method of closing the abdominal wall, as well as, the choice of material for stitching are important aspects of efficient incision closure. Generally, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is involved in the wound healing process. Suturing procedures also play a part in the wound dehiscence occurrence.

Case Report: Complicated Meckel Diverticulum Spectrum in Children.

Meckel diverticulum (MD) is the most common congenital anomaly of the intestines, with an incidence of 2% of the general population. It can present as various clinical features with complications and be life threatening if diagnosis is delayed and treatment late. We report three pediatric cases with complicated MD: one female presented with small-bowel obstruction, one male with peritonitis, and one female with severe iron-deficiency anemia, without gross gastrointestinal bleeding nor any ectopic gastric mucosa.

Outcomes and survival of infants with congenital duodenal obstruction following Kimura procedure with post-anastomosis jejunostomy feeding tube.

Background: Several modifications of the Kimura procedure for congenital duodenal obstruction (CDO) have been reported, however, their effects on the outcomes show conflicting results.

Methods: We compared the CDO outcomes following the Kimura procedure with and without post-anastomosis jejunostomy feeding tube (JFT).

Results: A total of 52 CDO neonates were involved (JFT: 13 males and 2 females vs.

Functional outcomes of patients with short-segment Hirschsprung disease after transanal endorectal pull-through.

Background: Transanal endorectal pull-through (TEPT) is considered the most preferable treatment method for Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) since it is less invasive and has fewer morbidities than transabdominal pull-through. Here, functional outcomes in short-segment HSCR patients after TEPT were assessed and associated with the prognostic factors.

Methods: Krickenbeck classification was used to assess the functional outcomes in patients with HSCR after TEPT surgery at our institution from 2012 to 2020.

Effect of semaphorin 3C gene variants in multifactorial Hirschsprung disease.

Objective: Cluster genes, specifically the class 3 semaphorins () including , have been associated with the development of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) in Caucasian populations. We aimed to screen for rare and common variants in in Indonesian patients with HSCR.

Methods: In this prospective clinical study, we analyzed gene variants in 55 patients with HSCR through DNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses.

A novel wound healing accelerator: Effect of vitreous gel of cow eyeball on a chronic wound model.

Introduction: Several studies have reported the disturbance in the process of wound healing after administration of mitomycin-C, which inhibits granulation tissue formation and collagen synthesis, resulting in chronic wounds. The vitreous gel of cow eyeballs contains a high level of hyaluronic acid, which has a role in inflammation, granulation, re-epithelialization, and remodelling. This study aims to understand the effect of 1% povidone iodine and vitreous gel of cow eyeballs on wound healing after administration of mitomycin-C.

Prognostic Factors for Survival of Patients with Biliary Atresia Following Kasai Surgery.

Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive obstruction and fibro-obliteration of the extrahepatic and intrahepatic biliary tract that causes cholestatic jaundice in infants, resulting in biliary cirrhosis and even death in the first year of life if the Kasai procedure is not performed at an earlier age. There are many prognostic factors that could affect the survival of patients with BA after Kasai surgery, however results still show some conflicting findings. A retrospective study was conducted using medical records of patients with BA who underwent Kasai surgery at Dr.

Postoperative enterocolitis assessment using two different cut-off values in the HAEC score in Hirschsprung patients undergoing Duhamel and Soave pull-through.

Background: Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is the most severe and potentially lethal complication of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) which might occur following definitive surgery. Our objectives were: 1) to compare the incidence of HAEC after Duhamel and Soave procedures using different cut-off values of the HAEC scoring method; and 2) to associate them with the risk factors, including sex, aganglionosis type, mothers' age at childbirth, gestational age, and mothers' educational level.

Methods: Medical records of patients with HSCR who underwent Soave and Duhamel procedures in our institution, Indonesia (January 2012 - December 2016) were reviewed retrospectively.

The Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric surgery practice: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Since the COVID-19 pandemic was declared by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, routine clinical practices were affected, including pediatric surgery services. We aimed to compare pediatric surgery practices, including the number and types of surgery, either elective or emergency surgeries and outpatient services, before the outbreak and during the COVID-19 pandemic in our institution.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively compared pediatric surgery practices, including elective and emergency surgeries, and outpatient services between the previous one-year period (March 2019-February 2020), the last three months of that period (December 2019-February 2020) before the outbreak, and the three months (March-May 2020) during the COVID-19 pandemic in our hospital.

Histopathological findings for prediction of liver cirrhosis and survival in biliary atresia patients after Kasai procedure.

Background: Without early recognition and Kasai procedure, biliary atresia (BA) results in liver cirrhosis and leads to either transplantation or death at a young age. We aimed to characterize the liver histopathological findings for prediction of cirrhosis and survival in BA patients after Kasai surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all histopathological results for BA patients who underwent liver biopsy during Kasai surgery from August 2012 to December 2018 in Dr.

The impact of serum total bilirubin, alanine transaminase and gamma-glutamyl transferase on survival of biliary atresia patients following Kasai procedure.

Background: Many prognostic factors have been reported for the outcomes of biliary atresia (BA) patients after Kasai procedure, however, it still shows a conflicting result. Our study was to determine the impact of total bilirubin postoperative day-7 and pre-operative ratio (TB7/TB0), gammaglutamyl transferase post-operative day-7 and pre-operative ratio (GGT7/GGT0), and alanine transaminase post-operative day-7 and pre-operative ratio (ALT7/ALT0) on the survival of BA patients following Kasai surgery.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of BA patients who underwent Kasai procedure at the Dr.

Comparison of pre-operative Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis using classical criteria and Delphi method: A diagnostic study.

Background: Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is the most common complication of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) that may happen pre-operatively. Several methods have been reported to determine HAEC. Because the diagnosis of pre-operative HAEC might change the surgical plan, we aimed to determine the accuracy of the classical criteria for diagnosis of pre-operative HAEC and using the Delphi method as a gold standard.

Risk factors of preoperative Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis.

Background: Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a life-threatening complication of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), that might occur preoperatively. We investigated the risk factors of preoperative HAEC.

Method: We retrospectively reviewed all medical records of HSCR patients admitted at Dr.

Aberrant UBR4 expressions in Hirschsprung disease patients.

Background: Recently, pathogenic alleles within ubiquitin N-recognin domain-containing E3 ligase 4 (UBR4) gene have been shown to be associated with Hirschsprung disease (HSCR). We determined the UBR4 expressions in Indonesian HSCR patients.

Methods: We analyzed the UBR4 expressions in the colons of HSCR patient and anorectal malformation (ARM) patient as control by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

The effect of APTR, Fn14 and CD133 expressions on liver fibrosis in biliary atresia patients.

Purpose: Although some biomarkers of hepatic progenitor cells have been reported to be involved in the liver fibrosis in patients with biliary atresia (BA), however, research still shows conflicting results. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Alu-mediated p21 transcriptional regulator (APTR), fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) and CD133 expressions on liver fibrosis in Indonesian BA patients.

Methods: Nineteen liver samples from BA patients and 9 liver specimens from non-BA controls were obtained.

microRNA-21 expressions impact on liver fibrosis in biliary atresia patients.

Objective: Biliary atresia (BA) is the most common cause of neonatal jaundice, characterized by progressive and rapid liver fibrosis. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the liver fibrogenesis. We investigated the miRNA-21 impact in liver fibrogenesis in Indonesian BA patients.