Delay of Gratification in Preschoolers with Autism and Concerns for ADHD.

Objective: Self-regulation abilities in childhood are predictive of a range of challenges later in life, making it important to identify difficulties in this area as early as possible. Autistic children and those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often have difficulties with self-regulation, but little is known about the similarities and differences in such abilities across neurodevelopmental conditions.

Method: We examined self-regulation using a delay of gratification task in 36-month-old autistic children ( = 20), those showing clinically relevant concerns for ADHD (i.

Reconsidering animal models used to study autism spectrum disorder: Current state and optimizing future.

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID), are pervasive, often lifelong disorders, lacking evidence-based interventions for core symptoms. With no established biological markers, diagnoses are defined by behavioral criteria. Thus, preclinical in vivo animal models of NDDs must be optimally utilized.