IMPACT OF ASTAXANTHIN ON MANIFESTATIONS OF THE DIRECT AND RESCUE TUMOR-INDUCED BYSTANDER EFFECT.

Objective: to investigate the reciprocal impact on the genome of malignant and normal human peripheral bloodlymphocytes under their co-culture and the possibility to modify the effects by astaxanthin.

Methods: Separate and joint/separate culturing of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the chronic lymphocyticleukemia (CLL) patients (n = 6) and conditionally healthy individuals (n = 6), Comet assay method, fluorescencemicroscopy with automated software for the analysis of results, statistical methods.

Results: Both direct and rescue tumour-induced bystander effects were observed under the joint/separate culturing of blood lymphocytes of conditionally healthy individuals (the bystander cells) and blood cells from CLL patients(the inducer cells).

ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN MANIFESTATION OF DIRECT AND RESCUE BYSTANDER EFFECTS.

Objective: to investigate changes in DNA methylation in bystander and inducer cells during the manifestation ofdirect and rescue bystander effects.

Methods: Separate and co-cultivation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of 10 conditionally healthy individuals; γ-quantum irradiation (IBL-237C emitter); modified comet electrophoresis method (Comet assay) under neutralconditions using the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme HpaII; fluorescence microscopy with an automatedcomputer software system for analyzing the results; statistical methods.

Results: The level of DNA methylation in PBL was quantitatively assessed using DNA migration parameters inagarose gel: the length of the comet tail (in μm), the percentage of DNA in the tail part of the comet, and TailMoment (TM), which simultaneously takes into account both the amount of DNA in the tail part of the comet andthe length of the tail.

Heterogeneity of Diabetes: β-Cells, Phenotypes, and Precision Medicine: Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research's Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes and the U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

One hundred years have passed since the discovery of insulin-an achievement that transformed diabetes from a fatal illness into a manageable chronic condition. The decades since that momentous achievement have brought ever more rapid innovation and advancement in diabetes research and clinical care. To celebrate the important work of the past century and help to chart a course for its continuation into the next, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research's Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes and the U.

Key attributes of global partnerships in food and nutrition to align research agendas and improve public health.

Partnerships among academia, government, and industry have emerged in response to global challenges in food and nutrition. At a workshop reviewing international partnerships, we concluded that to build a partnership, partners must establish a common goal, identify barriers, and engage all stakeholders to ensure project sustainability. To be effective, partnerships must synchronize methodologies and adopt evidence-based processes, and be led by governmental or nonprofit organizations to ensure trust among partners and with the public.

The KRESCENT Program (2005-2015): An Evaluation of the State of Kidney Research Training in Canada.

Background: The Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training (KRESCENT) Program was launched in 2005 to enhance kidney research capacity in Canada and foster knowledge translation across the 4 themes of health research.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of KRESCENT on its major objectives and on the careers of trainees after its first 10 years.

Methods: An online survey of trainees (n = 53) who had completed or were enrolled in KRESCENT was conducted in 2015.

STATES OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF ELITE ATHLETES IN DIFFERENT AGING GROUPS.

The influences of aging peculiarities in elite athletes on the psychophysiological states on the stage of the maximum capacity were studied. Three groups of athletes with different age were studied. The first group was composed of the athletes aged 18-20, the second one included athletes aged 21-25, the third group included athletes aged 26-34, and were the members of the team of Ukraine in Greco-Roman wrestling.

[Effects of N-stearoylethanolamine on the emotionality and learning ability of rats].

After administration of endocannabinoid-like compound N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) at a dose of 0,1 and 5 mg/kg the anxiety level of rats in the elevated plus maze and learning ability of rats in the radial maze were investigated. It was revealed that NSE can change both innate and acquired behavior of rats. It was found that the administration of NSE decreased of anxious behavior in general, although number and duration of grooming were not affected.

Cortical spreading depression decreases Fos expression in rat periaqueductal gray matter.

The migraine headache involves activation and central sensitization of the trigeminovascular pain pathway. The migraine aura is likely due to cortical spreading depression (CSD), a propagating wave of brief neuronal depolarization followed by prolonged inhibition. The precise link between CSD and headache remains controversial.

[The influence of amylin on the bile acid spectrum in rats].

In acute experiments on the rats with cannulated common biliary duct, the influence ofamylin on the level of bile secretion and bile acids spectrum was investigated. It was shown that subcutaneous administration of amylin at the dose 1 mg/kg body weight doesn't affect the volume of secreted bile. Under these conditions, the concentration of taurocholic acid was increased and the concentration of tauroconjugates of chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids was decreased in the bile.

Research agenda to support sodium reduction in Canada.

The Sodium Reduction Strategy for Canada includes an identification of priority areas for future research, based on a workshop convened by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and partners. A strong portfolio of research is essential to addressing current developments and controversies raised in relation to the health outcomes associated with dietary sodium. CIHR aims to provide leadership in working together with other funders and partners to catalyze a broad range of sodium research.

Alexithymia and empathy predict changes in autonomic arousal during affective stimulation.

Background: Alexithymia, the inability to describe one's own emotions, is linked to deficits in empathy, manifesting as a diminished capacity to recognize or understand the emotions and mental states of others. Several brain centers of autonomic control and interoception that are activated in empathy are thought to misfunction in alexithymia. We hypothesized that individual differences in autonomic changes under affective stimulation might be associated with differences in alexithymia and empathy.

[Perception, processing of visual information and resistance to emotional stresses in athletes of different ages].

Among the numerous studies devoted to the study of perception and information processing, no data available on the effects of age on these processes. In this paper we studied the influence of psycho-emotional stress and different levels of stress on the mental processes of perception and information processing in highly skilled athletes divided into two groups. The first group included the athletes aged 19-24 years (12 athletes, members of the Ukrainian team in Greco-Roman wrestling), the second group included the athletes aged 27-31 years (7 highly skilled athletes, members of the Ukrainian team in Greco-Roman wrestling).

[Influence of mental rotation of objects on psychophysiological functions of women].

An integral part of activity of modern human beings is an involvement to work with the computer systems which, in turn, produces a nervous - emotional tension. Hence, a problem of control of the psychophysiological state of workmen with the purpose of health preservation and success of their activity and the problem of application of rehabilitational actions are actual. At present it is known that the efficiency of rehabilitational procedures rises following application of the complex of regenerative programs.

Behavior in the open field predicts the number of KCl-induced cortical spreading depressions in rats.

Anxiety disorders are known to be comorbid with migraine, and cortical spreading depression (CSD) is the most likely cause of the migraine aura. To search for possible correlations between susceptibility to CSD and anxiety we used the open field test in male Sprague-Dawley rats chronically treated with the preventive anti-migraine drugs valproate or riboflavin. Animals avoiding the central area of the open field chamber and those with less exploratory activity (i.

Workshop report: developing a pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases network and data platform in Canada.

The purpose of the workshop was to receive input from the Canadian pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases research community to develop a research funding opportunity for a Canadian pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases network and data platform supported by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research, in partnership with the Foundation for Children with Intestinal and Liver Disorders. Leaders from across the country came together, with the objectives of identifying the scientific goals for a Canadian pediatric inflammatory bowel disease network, the required infrastructure, and an appropriate governance structure needed to achieve such a network and data platform, as well as other elements needed to ensure the successful implementation of a network.

Strategic plan of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism, and Diabetes.

The present document provides the new and updated strategic plan for the Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism, and Diabetes (INMD) of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. This plan provides an overarching map for the strategic activities of the INMD during the five years from 2010 to 2014. These strategic priorities will guide the way that the INMD uses its resources over this period of time, and will provide opportunities to build new partnerships and strategic alliances that enhance and leverage the capacity to fund targeted research initiatives.

[Peculiarities of bile formation in rats of different sex under estron influence].

The influence of estron (8 microg/100g of animal's body weight) on the exocrine function of liver and the changes in bile acid composition of bile on different sex rats was studied. It was shown, that hormone at the applied dose, effected choleresis of female rats more effectively. Estron also caused different changes in bile composition.

Migraine preventive drugs differentially affect cortical spreading depression in rat.

Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is the most likely cause of the migraine aura. Drugs with distinct pharmacological properties are effective in the preventive treatment of migraine. To test the hypothesis that their common denominator might be suppression of CSD we studied in rats the effect of three drugs used in migraine prevention: lamotrigine which is selectively effective on the aura but not on the headache, valproate and riboflavin which have a non-selective effect.

Desmopressin stimulates bile secretion in anesthetized rats.

One of the synthetic analogues of antidiuretic hormone-desmopressin is used in patients with central diabetes insipidus and in those with coagulation disorders. However, its effects on bile secretion are not fully defined. We investigated the effect of desmopressin on bile formation and determined the role of V1a vasopressin receptors in the action of desmopressin on choleresis.

[The influence of leu-enkephalin on the bile secretion function in the rat liver during pharmacological modulation of the autonomous nervous system].

In acute experiments on rats the influence of ley-enkephalin (1 mkg/100 g) on liver bile secretion function and changes of organic contents of bile were studied. For studying the influence of opioid peptide under conditions of altered state of adreno- and cholinoreceptors, the antagonists of alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors phentolamin (25 mkg/100 g) and obzidan (5 mkg/100 g), and the blocker of M-holinoreceptors atropine (2 mkg/100 g) were used. The pharmacological modulation of autonomous nervous systems alters the effects of ley-enkephalin on cholesecretions.

[Antioxidant modification of ionizing irradiation and additional stress effects on higher nervous activity in rats].

The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative effect of the low-level radiation upon the higher nervous activity. Behavioral (shuttle-box) and statistical methods were used. The effect of the ionizing radiation (0.

Empowerment evaluation in redesigning a public health unit nutrition program.

This article illustrates how empowerment evaluation was used in Toronto Public Health's (TPH) nutrition programming redesign to consult with staff about how roles, responsibilities, and organisational structure could be changed to improve how nutrition programs are delivered. One of three moderators facilitated the ten two-hour focus group sessions in TPH. TPH staff, namely 71 front-line staff and 13 managers who were responsible for providing community nutrition services, participated in the study.

[Effect of natural tachykinins on the bile production in rats].

We studied the changes of biligenesis and bile chemical composition under the influence of endogenous mammalian tachykinins in the acute experiments on the rats with biliary duct cannulated. We have shown that substance P, neurokinin A and neurokinin B changed volume of bile secretion and this liver reaction was accompanied by the essential changes of the bile chemical composition. Above mentioned peptides strengthen solubilisation abilities of the bile that diminishes its lithogenicity.

Promotion of healthy eating among new immigrant women in Ontario.

Little attention has been given to the dietary patterns of new immigrant women in Canada. Research suggests that before migration, many immigrants, especially those from non-Western countries, consume a healthy diet, but this changes on migration. This paper presents information from a recently completed literature review conducted for the Women's Health Council of the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care.