RNA-Seq Revealed Expression of Many Novel Genes Associated With Persistence and Clearance in the Host Macrophage.

Host- as well as parasite-specific factors are equally crucial in allowing either the parasites to dominate, or host macrophages to resist infection. To identify such factors, we infected murine peritoneal macrophages with either the virulent (vAG83) or the non-virulent (nvAG83) parasites of . Then, through dual RNA-seq, we simultaneously elucidated the transcriptomic changes occurring both in the host and the parasites.

Apoptosis-like cell death in Leishmania donovani treated with KalsomeTM10, a new liposomal amphotericin B.

Objective: The present study aimed to elucidate the cell death mechanism in Leishmania donovani upon treatment with KalsomeTM10, a new liposomal amphotericin B.

Methodology/principal Findings: We studied morphological alterations in promastigotes through phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy. Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and disruption of mitochondrial integrity was determined by flow cytometry using annexinV-FITC, JC-1 and mitotraker, respectively.