Pregnancy outcomes for women with pre-existing renal disease and the role of a dedicated joint maternal medicine and renal clinic: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To reaffirm the value of a joint obstetric and renal clinic on obstetric outcomes in patients with high-risk pregnancies due to chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who attended the clinic between 2005 and December 2021. The hospital is a regional tertiary unit for renal medicine and a maternal medicine hub.

Breast Cancer in Young Women: Is It Different? A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the commonest cancers among women worldwide. Differences regarding tumor biology, presentation, genetics, and molecular subtypes may contribute to the relatively poorer prognosis among younger women. Limited information exists regarding pathologic characteristics and long-term outcomes among this group.

A Narrative Review on the Efficacy and Safety of Loop Diuretics in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction and Preserved Ejection Fraction.

To date, loop diuretics are the mainstay treatment for decongestion in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (HF). In clinical practice, loop diuretics have also been utilized for patients with chronic HF with reduced and preserved ejection fractions. There is a paucity of quality evidence of the effect of loop diuretics use and dosing on clinical outcomes in HF patients beyond symptomatic relief.

Profiles and Outcomes of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the United States.

Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major contributor to adverse pregnancy outcomes both in the United States and globally. As the prevalence of obesity continues to rise, the incidence of GDM is anticipated to increase as well. Despite the significant impact of GDM on maternal and neonatal health, research examining the independent associations between GDM and adverse outcomes remains limited in the U.

Female-Type Presentation of Male Breast Cancer in Mammography and Its Clinical Implications.

Introduction Male breast cancer is rare, accounting for about 1% of total breast cancer cases. In contrast to gynecomastia, which has a painful, soft, movable mass concentric to the nipple, the traditional presentation is a painless, hard, eccentric retro-areolar mass. However, when cancer occurs concurrently with significant gynecomastia, the mammographic pattern simulates female-type breast cancer, whereby there is a variable location and pattern of cancer.

Outcome and effect of vaccination in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection in hemodialysis patients: a cohort study.

Background: Hemodialysis patients are at high risk of Covid-19, though vaccination has significant efficacy in preventing and reducing the severity of infection. Little information is available on disease severity and vaccine efficacy since the dissemination of the Omicron variant.

Methods: In a multi-center study, during a period of the epidemic driven by the Omicron variant, all hemodialysis patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 were identified.

Severity of COVID-19 after Vaccination among Hemodialysis Patients: An Observational Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Patients receiving hemodialysis are at high risk from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and demonstrate impaired immune responses to vaccines. There have been several descriptions of their immunologic responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination, but few studies have described the clinical efficacy of vaccination in patients on hemodialysis.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: In a multicenter observational study of the London hemodialysis population undergoing surveillance PCR testing during the period of vaccine rollout with BNT162b2 and AZD1222, all of those positive for SARS-CoV-2 were identified.

The 370-Da Inhibitor of the Sodium Pump in the Plasma of Haemodialysis Patients.

Background: Previous studies have shown that a molecule of mass 370 Da that inhibits the sodium pump can be extracted from human placentas and from the concentrated plasma or ultrafiltrate of volume-expanded patients.

Aim: This study aimed to study the abundance of the 370-Da molecule and its changes across dialysis in a population of patients with renal failure treated by haemodialysis.

Methods: Four millilitres of pre- and post-dialysis blood samples (2 mL plasma) were taken from patients receiving intermittent haemodialysis and analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high sensitivity mass spectrometry.

Fludrocortisone Is an Effective Treatment for Hyperkalaemic Metabolic Acidosis in Kidney Transplant Recipients on Tacrolimus: A Case Series.

Background: Hyperkalaemia with metabolic acidosis is common but under-reported following kidney transplantation. Calcineurin inhibitors, such as tacrolimus, are widely used in the management of transplant patients and are associated with the development of hyperkalaemia. We report on 10 renal transplant patients, treated with fludrocortisone, following identification of hyperkalaemic metabolic acidosis.

Risk of COVID-19 Disease, Dialysis Unit Attributes, and Infection Control Strategy among London In-Center Hemodialysis Patients.

Background And Objectives: Patients receiving in-center hemodialysis treatment face unique challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, specifically the need to attend for treatment that prevents self-isolation. Dialysis unit attributes and isolation strategies that might reduce dialysis center COVID-19 infection rates have not been previously examined.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: We explored the role of variables, including community disease burden, dialysis unit attributes (size and layout), and infection control strategies, on rates of COVID-19 among patients receiving in-center hemodialysis in London, United Kingdom, between March 2, 2020 and May 31, 2020.

Mycobacterium abscessus - an uncommon, but important cause of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis - case report and literature review.

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a form of therapy for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), and peritonitis is a known complication. Mycobacterium (M) species associated peritonitis in PD patients is uncommon. Our experience of managing PD associated peritonitis caused by M abscessus in a middle-aged man with ESKD due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is shared in this article with a review of the literature on this condition.

The Characteristics, Dynamics, and the Risk of Death in COVID-19 Positive Dialysis Patients in London, UK.

Background: Patients on dialysis with frequent comorbidities, advanced age, and frailty, who visit treatment facilities frequently, are perhaps more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection and related death-the risk factors and dynamics of which are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the hospital outcomes in patients on dialysis infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: Data on 224 patients on hemodialysis between February 29, 2020 and May 15, 2020 with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed for outcomes and potential risk factors for death, using a competing risk-regression model assessed by subdistribution hazards ratio (SHR).

Defining radiologic complete response using a correlation of presurgical ultrasound and mammographic localization findings with pathological complete response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

Purpose: Breast cancer affects a significant number of patients younger than 40 years in the Gulf and breast conservative treatment is highly preferred. Pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy is increasingly being observed with the new chemotherapy agents. Although MRI is more accurate in such evaluations, digital mammography and high-resolution ultrasound (US) which are less expensive may accurately predict pCR which is the focus of this study.

Evaluation of cytogenotoxic potential of Morinda lucida leaf extract on Swiss albino male mice using two bioassays.

Background: Utilization of Morinda lucida for the treatment of ailments such as malaria, diarrhea, infertility in women, and dysentery in many countries including Nigeria is on increase due to its efficiency, availability, and affordability. However, its cytogenotoxicity has not been elucidated. This study investigated the phytochemical constituents and possible genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of M.

Detection of hepatitis B virus isolates with mutations associated with immune escape mutants among pregnant women in Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria.

Perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and its associated immune escape mutants (IEMs), is the major vehicle through which a population of chronically infected people who serve as infectious HBV reservoirs is maintained in communities. Therefore, to assess the risk of perinatal transmission, 272 pregnant women attending ante-natal clinics in Ibadan metropolis, southwestern, Nigeria, were screened for HBsAg using ELISA technique. Samples positive for HBsAg were subjected to HBV DNA detection by PCR amplification of the S-gene and amplicon sequencing.

Breast cancer in women younger than 30 years: prevalence rate and imaging findings in a symptomatic population.

Introduction: To identify the prevalence rate of primary breast cancer in women younger than 30 years of age in a symptomatic population in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To analyze the imaging pattern and possible risk factors in cases with cancer. Breast cancer in this age group is generally rare and not clearly understood.

Recruitment of renal transplant patients into patrolling police roles using orthotic shields.

Renal allografts are transplanted to an anatomically unnatural site where they are exposed to trauma, and may fail if damaged. Individuals with renal allografts have been excluded from patrolling police roles as these often necessitate confrontation. We describe two patients with renal allografts who have been recruited by the Metropolitan Police Service, using bespoke orthotic shields to protect the grafts.

Breast inflammation in type 1 diabetes.

Background: Lymphocytic mastitis is an uncommon fibroinflammatory disease of the breast which occurs in patients with longstanding diabetes. Various imaging patterns in mammography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been widely described. This communication wishes to provide some explanation to the variation of imaging findings by a study of follow-up cases and present young nonlactating women who had abscess as the first clinical manifestation of type 1 diabetes.

Preoperative diagnosis of hydatid cyst of the breast: a case report.

Hydatid cyst of the breast is endemic in some areas like sheep-raising countries. The location of the disease is mostly in the liver and lungs. We presents a case of 66-year-old female with hydatid cyst of the breast diagnosed pre-operatively by core needle biopsy.

Aortic abnormalities in males with Alport syndrome.

Background: There have been isolated case reports of arterial disease in males with Alport syndrome (AS), a systemic disorder of Type IV collagen. In this paper, we describe five new cases of AS associated with significant aortic disease including dissection and aneurysm.

Methods: We present brief clinical descriptions of five males with AS and aortic disease.

Pseudoachalasia of the esophagus caused by encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis.

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis is a severe complication of peritoneal dialysis. Progressive sclerotic thickening of the peritoneum results in tethering and cocooning of the bowel, leading to chronic bowel obstruction, malabsorption, malnutrition, and high mortality. Conservative treatment is often unsuccessful and a surgical enterolysis is required for management.

Hepatic vasculitis mimicking liver abscesses in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Clinical and radiological liver diseases are uncommon in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We report a 29-year-old female with SLE who presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes and multiple hypodense lesions in the liver on a computed tomography (CT) study that mimicked multiple liver abscesses. A liver biopsy showed mild chronic inflammation.

Serum cystatin is not a marker of glomerular filtration rate in pregnancy.

The role of cystatin C (Cys-C) as a marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in pregnancy is undetermined. Measurements of Cys-C and creatinine (Cr) were taken at 14-17(+6), 18-23(+6), 27-31(+6) weeks' gestation, at delivery and 2-6 weeks postpartum in a prospective observational study of 27 women. There was no difference between Cys-C levels in early and late second trimester, but they were significantly higher in early third trimester (P < 0.