AP39, a novel mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide donor, promotes cutaneous wound healing in an in vivo murine model of acute frostbite injury.

Frostbite injury refers to cold tissue injury which typically affects the peripheral areas of the body, and is associated with limb loss and high rates of morbidity. Historically, treatment options have been limited to supportive care, leading to suboptimal outcomes for affected patients. The pathophysiology of frostbite injury has been understood in recent years to share similarity with that of cold ischemia-reperfusion injury as seen in solid organ transplantation, of which mitochondria play an important contributing role.

Reduced brain oxygen response to spreading depolarization predicts worse outcome in ischaemic stroke.

Spreading depolarization (SD) describes a propagating neuronal mass depolarization within the cerebral cortex that represents a mediator of infarct development and strongly stimulates the metabolic rate of O2 consumption. Here, we investigated the influence of Spreading Depolarization (SD) on brain tissue partial pressure of O2 (ptiO2) within the peri-infarct tissue of patients suffering malignant hemispheric stroke (MHS). This prospective observational trial included 25 patients with MHS that underwent decompressive hemicraniectomy followed by subdural placement of electrodes for electrocorticography (ECoG) and neighboring implantation of a ptiO2 probe within the peri-infarcted cortex.

The Mental Health of Healthcare Workers: Navigating the New Normal.

Increased workloads, fear of illness, social disconnection and high burnout rates during the COVID-19 pandemic caused significant trauma throughout the medical community. Using evidence-based insights from Mental Health Research Canada's quantitative and qualitative data, this article explores how the healthcare community was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent trends in national mental health indicators support a theory of a new normal, but some Canadians continue to fall behind.

Model selection to achieve reproducible associations between resting state EEG features and autism.

A concern in the field of autism electroencephalography (EEG) biomarker discovery is their lack of reproducibility. In the present study, we considered the problem of learning reproducible associations between multiple features of resting state (RS) neural activity and autism, using EEG data collected during a RS paradigm from 36 to 96 month-old children diagnosed with autism (N = 224) and neurotypical children (N = 69). Specifically, EEG spectral power and functional connectivity features were used as inputs to a regularized generalized linear model trained to predict diagnostic group (autism versus neurotypical).

Pharmacological Inhibition of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Production Slows Bladder Cancer Progression in an Intravesical Murine Model.

Present bladder cancer therapies have relatively limited therapeutic impact and account for one of the highest lifetime treatment costs per patient. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore novel and optimized treatment strategies. The present study investigated the effects of inhibiting endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS) production on bladder cell viability and in vivo tumor progression.

Effect of Sodium Thiosulfate Pre-Treatment on Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Kidney Transplantation.

We recently reported in a rat model of kidney transplantation that the addition of sodium thiosulfate (STS) to organ preservation solution improved renal graft quality and prolonged recipient survival. The present study investigates whether STS pre-treatment would produce a similar effect. In vitro, rat kidney epithelial cells were treated with 150 μM STS before and/or during exposure to hypoxia followed by reoxygenation.

Facilitators and barriers to interprofessional collaboration among health professionals in primary healthcare centers in Qatar: a qualitative exploration using the "Gears" model.

Background: The number of patients seeking medical care is increasing, necessitating more access to primary healthcare services. As several of these patients usually present with complex medical conditions, the need for interprofessional collaboration (IPC) among health professionals in primary care is necessary. IPC is essential for facing the increasing and challenging healthcare demands.

One year of COVID-19: A longitudinal study of individual and relational factors of psychological adjustment of individuals living in a romantic relationship in Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This longitudinal study explored the impact of COVID-19 on individuals in romantic relationships. The sample spans three waves: first confinement (n = 52), deconfinement (n = 49), and second confinement (n = 26). The study tested sociodemographic factors, psychological adjustment (anxiety, depression, stress, well-being), COVID-19 threat perception, dyadic coping, and relationship quality.

Duration of spreading depression is the electrophysiological correlate of infarct growth in malignant hemispheric stroke.

Spreading depolarizations (SD) contribute to lesion progression after experimental focal cerebral ischemia while such correlation has never been shown in stroke patients. In this prospective, diagnostic study, we investigate the association of SDs and secondary infarct progression after malignant hemispheric stroke. SDs were continuously monitored for 3-9 days with electrocorticography after decompressive hemicraniectomy for malignant hemispheric stroke.

Survival, but not the severity of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, is associated with higher mean arterial blood pressure after cardiac arrest: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: This study investigates the association between the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), vasopressor requirement, and severity of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) after cardiac arrest (CA).

Methods: Between 2008 and 2017, we retrospectively analyzed the MAP 200 h after CA and quantified the vasopressor requirements using the cumulative vasopressor index (CVI). Through a postmortem brain autopsy in non-survivors, the severity of the HIE was histopathologically dichotomized into no/mild and severe HIE.

Ketamine-induced prevention of SD-associated late infarct progression in experimental ischemia.

Spreading depolarizations (SDs) occur frequently in patients with malignant hemispheric stroke. In animal-based experiments, SDs have been shown to cause secondary neuronal damage and infarct expansion during the initial period of infarct progression. In contrast, the influence of SDs during the delayed period is not well characterized yet.

Evaluating the Effects of Kidney Preservation at 10 °C with Hemopure and Sodium Thiosulfate in a Rat Model of Syngeneic Orthotopic Kidney Transplantation.

Kidney transplantation is preferred for end-stage renal disease. The current gold standard for kidney preservation is static cold storage (SCS) at 4 °C. However, SCS contributes to renal graft damage through ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).

Similarities in the Electrographic Patterns of Delayed Cerebral Infarction and Brain Death After Aneurysmal and Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

While subarachnoid hemorrhage is the second most common hemorrhagic stroke in epidemiologic studies, the recent DISCHARGE-1 trial has shown that in reality, three-quarters of focal brain damage after subarachnoid hemorrhage is ischemic. Two-fifths of these ischemic infarctions occur early and three-fifths are delayed. The vast majority are cortical infarcts whose pathomorphology corresponds to anemic infarcts.

Mg incorporation induced microstructural evolution of reactively sputtered GaN epitaxial films to Mg-doped GaN nanorods.

Mg-doped GaN films/nanorods were grown epitaxially on-sapphire by reactive co-sputtering of GaAs and Mg at different Npercentages in Ar-Nsputtering atmosphere. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy revealed that the Mg incorporation increases with increase of Mg area coverage of GaAs target, but does not depend on Npercentage. In comparison to undoped GaN films, Mg-doped GaN displayed substantial decrease of lateral conductivity and electron concentration with the initial incorporation of Mg, indicating-type doping, but revealed insulating behaviour at larger Mg content.

Viral airway injury promotes cell engraftment in an in vitro model of cystic fibrosis cell therapy.

Cell therapy is a potential treatment for cystic fibrosis (CF). However, cell engraftment into the airway epithelium is challenging. Here, we model cell engraftment in vitro using the air-liquid interface (ALI) culture system by injuring well-differentiated CF ALI cultures and delivering non-CF cells at the time of peak injury.

BRIEF-A: Factor structure and measurement invariance across self-report and informant forms.

Objective: This study analyzes the psychometric properties of the two forms (self-report and informant) of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult version (BRIEF-A) in a sample of healthy Portuguese adults.

Method: The participants were 608 adults, 304 of whom answered the self-report form (ages 18-59; 137 male and 167 female) and 304 who answered the informant form (ages 18-70; 110 male and 194 female).

Results: The internal consistency for the indexes and the Global Executive Composite was very good (≥.

A New Human-Based Metaheuristic Algorithm for Solving Optimization Problems Based on Technical and Vocational Education and Training.

In this paper, a new human-based metaheuristic algorithm called Technical and Vocational Education and Training-Based Optimizer (TVETBO) is introduced to solve optimization problems. The fundamental inspiration for TVETBO is taken from the process of teaching work-related skills to applicants in technical and vocational education and training schools. The theory of TVETBO is expressed and mathematically modeled in three phases: (i) theory education, (ii) practical education, and (iii) individual skills development.

Prediction of Stroke Outcome in Mice Based on Noninvasive MRI and Behavioral Testing.

Background: Prediction of poststroke outcome using the degree of subacute deficit or magnetic resonance imaging is well studied in humans. While mice are the most commonly used animals in preclinical stroke research, systematic analysis of outcome predictors is lacking.

Methods: We intended to incorporate heterogeneity into our retrospective study to broaden the applicability of our findings and prediction tools.

The number of spp. larvae recovered in coprocultures varies with media used.

Nodular roundworms ( spp.) are frequent parasites of the large intestine in several mammal species including humans and pigs, and their study often requires the use of infective larvae produced using several coproculture techniques. However, there is no published comparison of techniques to determine which yields the highest number of larvae.

: Dyadic Coping as a Mediator Between Perceived Relationship Quality and Emotional Representation of COVID-19.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about social changes that have impacted the functioning and dynamics of couples in a romantic relationship, arising from the overwhelming amount of added stress they have endured. Specifically, the divorce rate in Portugal has increased after lockdown, which underscores the adverse consequences of COVID-19 on couples. A lower quality of the couple's relationship may worsen the emotional representation of COVID-19; however, the literature suggests that perceived partner dyadic coping responses have a great influence on adverse events.

Rapid Detection of DNA and RNA Shrimp Viruses Using CRISPR-Based Diagnostics.

Timely detection of persistent and emerging pathogens is critical to controlling disease spread, particularly in high-density populations with increased contact between individuals and limited-to-no ability to quarantine. Standard molecular diagnostic tests for surveying pathogenic microbes have provided the sensitivity needed for early detection, but lag in time-to-result leading to delayed action. On-site diagnostics alleviate this lag, but current technologies are less sensitive and adaptable than lab-based molecular methods.

Automated movement tracking of young autistic children during free play is correlated with clinical features associated with autism.

Play-based observations allow researchers to observe autistic children across a wide range of ages and skills. We recorded autistic children playing with toys in the center of a room and at a corner table while a caregiver remained seated off to the side and used video tracking technology to track children's movement and location. We examined how time children spent in room regions and whether or not they approached each region during play related to their cognitive, social, communication, and adaptive skills to determine if tracking child movement and location can meaningfully demonstrate clinical variation among autistic children representing a range of ages and skills.

Spreading depolarization and angiographic spasm are separate mediators of delayed infarcts.

In DISCHARGE-1, a recent Phase III diagnostic trial in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage patients, spreading depolarization variables were found to be an independent real-time biomarker of delayed cerebral ischaemia. We here investigated based on prospectively collected data from DISCHARGE-1 whether delayed infarcts in the anterior, middle, or posterior cerebral artery territories correlate with (i) extravascular blood volumes; (ii) predefined spreading depolarization variables, or proximal vasospasm assessed by either (iii) digital subtraction angiography or (iv) transcranial Doppler-sonography; and whether spreading depolarizations and/or vasospasm are mediators between extravascular blood and delayed infarcts. Relationships between variable groups were analysed using Spearman correlations in 136 patients.

Eye-tracking measures of social versus nonsocial attention are related to level of social engagement during naturalistic caregiver-child interactions in autistic children.

Eye-tracking (ET) measures indexing social attention have been proposed as sensitive measures related to autism, but less is known about the relationship between social and nonsocial attention and naturalistic measures of social engagement and whether sex moderates this relationship. This study investigated ET measures of social attention as predictors of social engagement during a naturalistic caregiver-child interaction (CCI). Participants included 132, 2-7-year-old autistic children (77% male) and their caregivers.

Associations between executive function and attention abilities and language and social communication skills in young autistic children.

Executive functioning describes a set of cognitive processes that affect thinking and behavior. Past research has shown that autistic individuals often have delays in the acquisition of executive function abilities. Our study explored how differences in executive function and attention abilities relate to social abilities and communication/language in 180 young autistic children.