[Respiratory complications of propofol, sevoflurane, and dexmedetomidine anesthesia for fiberoptic bronchoscopy in children aged 1 month to 3 years: a randomized trial].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of propofol, sevoflurane, and dexmedetomidine on respiratory complications in children undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB).

Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted among 120 children aged 1 month to 3 years undergoing FOB. The patients were randomized into 3 groups (=40) for anesthesia induction with sevoflurane inhalation, 1 mg/kg propofol, or 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine before bronchoscopy, and the changes in hemodynamic parameters, sedation level, and respiratory complications during and after the procedure were assessed.

A retrospective study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intrapleural alteplase in pediatric empyema.

Introduction: Medical treatment of pediatric empyema consists of appropriate antibiotics, chest tube insertion, and intrapleural fibrinolytic drugs to facilitate pleural drainage. There is a lack of consensus about the drug of choice for fibrinolytic therapy, so this study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intrapleural alteplase in pediatric empyema.

Material And Methods: The medical records of all children with empyema treated with intrapleural alteplase at a university hospital between January 2016 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.

The Efficacy of an Oral Formulation of , , and as an Add-on Therapy for Mild-to-moderate Childhood Asthma: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an oral combined tablet of (Anti-Asthma) as an add-on therapy for the relief of the severity of symptoms in mild-to-moderate childhood asthma.

Methods: This randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed on 60 children and adolescents with chronic mild-to-moderate childhood asthma. Patients were randomly divided into cases who received Anti-Asthma oral combined tablets 2 tablets twice dailt for 1 month and controls, received placebo tablets identically the same to Anti-Asthma (2 tablets, twice daily, for 1 month) as add-ons to their standard therapy according to the guideline.

Evaluation of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children with Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Due to chronic respiratory and gastrointestinal problems, growth failure is a common issue in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in CF children with stable gastrointestinal and respiratory conditions.

Materials And Methods: In this study, the growth indicators of all 4-16-year-old children referred to two CF clinics were monitored over 3 years.

The association between Sodium Urinary Discharge (FENa) and growth parameters in pediatrics with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Given the association between chronic sodium losses and growth parameters and establishment of normal weight gain and linear growth in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), in this study, we aimed to evaluate the sodium status in Iranian CF patients and its association with their growth parameters.

Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 44 children with CF were included. Serum and urinary sodium and creatinine levels were measured in patients, and the fractional excretion of sodium was calculated.

Correlation between Stable Hyperglycemia and Mortality in Children Admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Imam Hossein Hospital.

Background: Stress-induced hyperglycemia is an important issue among pediatrics admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Former studies have declared that hyperglycemia has a high prevalence rate and could increase the risks of mortality among pediatrics. Here, we aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of hyperglycemia and its effects on mortality among pediatrics in the PICU of the hospital.

The fractional excretion of sodium in patients with cystic fibrosis treated with oral sodium chloride.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a chronic disease associated with low sodium status. The patients are usually treated with oral sodium chloride to control the side effects of low sodium status. Therefore, the fractional excretion of sodium (FE) was assessed in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) treated with oral sodium chloride (NaCl).

Cost-effectiveness of home mechanical ventilation in children living in a developing country.

Background: Home mechanical ventilation is a promising option for children requiring long-term mechanical-assisted ventilation, while data on cost-effectiveness of this approach is limited.

Aims: To investigate the cost-effectiveness of home mechanical ventilation in children requiring long-term mechanical-assisted ventilation.

Methods: A retrospective cohort was conducted on 67 children (32 girls, 47.

Comparison of Interleukin-33 Serum Levels in Asthmatic Patients with a Control Group and Relation with the Severity of the Disease.

Background: The relation between interleukin-33 (IL-33) and asthma is not precisely known yet. The present study set to compare the serum level of IL-33 in patients with asthma and controls and study the relation with the severity of disease.

Methods: The serum level of IL-33 and total IgE in 89 asthmatic patients and 57 controls were analyzed.

Cystic fibrosis prevalence among a group of high-risk children in the main referral children hospital in Iran.

Background: Knowledge about cystic fibrosis (CF) in Iran is very limited. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of CF among a group of high-risk children with suggestive clinical features in the main referral hospital in Iran.

Materials And Methods: This study children consisted of 505 patients who had presented with one or more of the following symptoms: chronic or recurrent respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms as rectal prolapse, steatorrhea, hepatobiliary disease as prolonged jaundice, failure to thrive, hyperglycemia and glycosuria, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, hypoprothrombinemia, anemia or edema, and positive family history of CF.