An ab initio study on the concerted interaction between chalcogen and pnicogen bonds.

We analyzed cooperation between chalcogen-bonding and pnicogen-bonding interactions in XHS···NCH2P···NCY (X = F, Cl; Y = H, OH, NH2, CN and NC) complexes at the MP2/6-311++G** level. These effects were studied in terms of geometric and energetic properties, harmonic frequencies, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). A cooperativity factor was adopted to measure the cooperativity between the two types of interaction in triads based on S-X and P-CN stretching frequencies.

Quantitation of mononitrotoluenes in aquatic environment using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection.

A simple and efficient method (known as dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME)) combined with gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) has been successfully developed for the extraction and determination of mononitrotoluenes (MNTs) in aquatic samples. The effects of parameters such as the nature and volume of the extracting and disperser solvents on the microextraction efficiency were also investigated. The volume of the extracting solvent (chlorobenzene) and that of the disperser solvent (acetonitrile) were obtained to be equal to 10.