Enhancing Arousal Level Detection in EEG Signals through Genetic Algorithm-based Feature Selection and Fast Bit Hopping.

Background: This study explores a novel approach to detecting arousal levels through the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Leveraging the Faller database with data from 18 healthy participants, we employ a 64-channel EEG system.

Methods: The approach we employ entails the extraction of ten frequency characteristics from every channel, culminating in a feature vector of 640 dimensions for each signal instance.

Directional information flow analysis in memory retrieval: a comparison between exaggerated and normal pictures.

Working memory plays an important role in cognitive science and is a basic process for learning. While working memory is limited in regard to capacity and duration, different cognitive tasks are designed to overcome these difficulties. This study investigated information flow during a novel visual working memory task in which participants respond to exaggerated and normal pictures.

Quantitative Comparison of Brain Waves of Dyslexic Students With Perceptual and Linguistic Types With Normal Students in Reading.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the brain wave pattern of two groups of dyslexic students with perceptual and linguistic types with normal students in reading.

Methods: In this study, 27 students (24 boys and 3 girls) from first to fifth grade with an Mean±SD of age 8.16±10.

Direct lingam and visibility graphs for analyzing brain connectivity in BCI.

The brain-computer interface (BCI) is a direct pathway of communication between the electrical activity of the brain and an external device. The present paper was aimed to investigate directed connectivity between different areas of the brain during motor imagery (MI)-based BCI. For this purpose, two methods were implemented including, Limited Penetrable Horizontal Visibility Graph (LPHVG) and Direct Lingam.

A Novel Method Based on ERP and Brain Graph for the Simultaneous Assessment of Various Types of Attention.

Assessment of attention is of great importance as one of human cognitive abilities. Although neuropsychological tests have been developed and used to evaluate the ability to pay attention, their validity and reliability have been reduced due to some limitations such as the presence of intervention factors, including human factors, limited range of languages, and cultural influences. Therefore, direct outputs of the brain system, represented by event-related potentials (ERPs), and the analysis of its function in cognitive activities have become very important as a complementary tool to assess various types of attention.

Contextual Interference Effects on Approach Motivation When Learning Timing Tasks: A Frontal Electroencephalography (EEG) Alpha Asymmetry Study in Older Adults.

In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of contextual interference on motivational regulation, as measured by EEG (frontal alpha asymmetry), in older adults. Participants practiced a sequenced timing task in random, algorithmic, or blocked schedules in both similar and dissimilar task difficulty conditions, with task difficulty defined by absolute timing goals (in ms) that were either close to each other (1350, 1500, 1650) or far from each other (1050, 1500, 1950), respectively. We assessed older participants' timing accuracy in these conditions, during acquisition and delayed retention learning, using the frontal alpha asymmetry index, recorded during practice, to measure motivation.

Evaluating the Effect of Quran Memorizing on the Event-related Potential Features by Using Graphs Created from the Neural Gas Networks.

Background: Quran memorizing causes a state of trance, which its result is the changes in the amplitude and time of P300 and N200 components in the event related potential (ERP) signal. Nevertheless, a limited number of studies that have examined the effects of Quran memorizing on brain signals to enhance relaxation and attention, and improve the lives of patients with autism and stroke, generally have not presented any analysis based on comparing structural differences relevant to features extracted from ERP signal obtained from the two groups of Quran memorizer and nonmemorizer by using the hybrid of graph theory and competitive networks.

Methods: In this study, we investigated structural differences relevant to the graph obtained from the weight of neural gas (NG) and growing NG (GNG) networks trained by features extracted from the ERP signal recorded from two groups during the PRM test.

Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a pilot study.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common disabling psychiatric disorder. Considering the lack of an acceptable treatment response in many patients, several efforts have been made to increase the efficacy of therapy. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the supplementary motor area in the treatment of patients with drug-resistant OCD and examine changes in brain function.

Algorithm-Based Practice Schedule and Task Similarity Enhance Motor Learning in Older Adults.

According to the challenge point framework, task difficulty has to be appropriate to learner skill level. The pure blocked or random practice controls the task difficulty during practice monotonically. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of algorithm-based practice schedule and task similarity on motor learning in older adults.

Neural Mechanisms of the Contextual Interference Effect and Parameter Similarity on Motor Learning in Older Adults: An EEG Study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the neural mechanisms of the contextual interference effect (CIE) and parameter similarity on motor learning in older adults. Sixty older adults (mean age, 67.68 ± 3.

Quantifying clinical improvements in patients with depression under the treatment of transcranial direct current stimulation using event related potentials.

The main goal of this study was to assess the changes in brain activities of patients with severe depression by applying transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) using event related potentials (ERPs). Seven patients (four males, with the mean age 34.85 ± 4.

Electroencephalography Pattern Variations During Motor Skill Acquisition.

The present study examined how motor skill acquisition affects electroencephalography patterns and compared short- and long-term electroencephalography variations. For this purpose, 17 volunteers with no history of disease, aged 18 to 22 years, attended seven training sessions every other day to practice a pursuit tracking motor skill. Electroencephalography brainwaves were recorded and analyzed on the first and last days within pre- and post-training intervals.