Contribution of Exogenous Proline to Abiotic Stresses Tolerance in Plants: A Review.

Abiotic stresses are the major environmental factors that play a significant role in decreasing plant yield and production potential by influencing physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. Abiotic stresses and global population growth have prompted scientists to use beneficial strategies to ensure food security. The use of organic compounds to improve tolerance to abiotic stresses has been considered for many years.

Effect of power ultrasound on the extraction of black caraway ( L.) and evaluation of their qualitative properties using response surface methodology.

In this research, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with two types of continuous and pulsed sonication extraction was compared with the Soxhlet method in the evaluation of qualitative traits of caraway seeds as a medicinal plant. Treatment conditions were performed at three levels of treatment (continuous and on-off levels), ultrasound power (100, 200, and 300 W), and sonication duration (10, 15, and 20min) using the response surface methodology (RSM) to compare them. Results indicated that yield of the dry extract weight and amount of ascorbic acid increased by the intensity and sonication duration directly but about DPPH radical scavenging capacity there is no direct relation, actually comparing DPPH radical scavenging capacity yields showed that it increased initially from 100W to 200 W, then from 200 to 300W, the result was reversed.

Correction to: Plant growth promoting activity of an auxin and siderophore producing isolate of Streptomyces under saline soil conditions.

Unfortunately, one of the author's name had been published incorrectly as "Peyman Abaszadeh Dahaji". The correct name is " Payman Abbaszadeh Dahaji.

Distribution of indole-3-acetic acid in Petunia hybrida shoot tip cuttings and relationship between auxin transport, carbohydrate metabolism and adventitious root formation.

To determine the contribution of polar auxin transport (PAT) to auxin accumulation and to adventitious root (AR) formation in the stem base of Petunia hybrida shoot tip cuttings, the level of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was monitored in non-treated cuttings and cuttings treated with the auxin transport blocker naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) and was complemented with precise anatomical studies. The temporal course of carbohydrates, amino acids and activities of controlling enzymes was also investigated. Analysis of initial spatial IAA distribution in the cuttings revealed that approximately 40 and 10 % of the total IAA pool was present in the leaves and the stem base as rooting zone, respectively.

Plant growth promoting activity of an auxin and siderophore producing isolate of Streptomyces under saline soil conditions.

A biocontrol Streptomyces isolate (C) was tested for its plant growth promoting qualities under saline conditions. Exposure to elevated osmotic strengths up to 300 mM NaCl increased dry weight and cfu/ml significantly. The isolate C produced indolyl-3-acetic acid (IAA) into the medium in the amount of 2.