Measurement of Λ_{b}^{0}, Λ_{c}^{+}, and Λ Decay Parameters Using Λ_{b}^{0}→Λ_{c}^{+}h^{-} Decays.

A comprehensive study of the angular distributions in the bottom-baryon decays Λ_{b}^{0}→Λ_{c}^{+}h^{-}(h=π,K), followed by Λ_{c}^{+}→Λh^{+} with Λ→pπ^{-} or Λ_{c}^{+}→pK_{S}^{0} decays, is performed using a data sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9  fb^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. The decay parameters and the associated charge-parity (CP) asymmetries are measured, with no significant CP violation observed. For the first time, the Λ_{b}^{0}→Λ_{c}^{+}h^{-} decay parameters are measured.

Massive Central Pulmonary Embolism with Riding Embolus and Concomitant Aortic Arch Embolism-Should We Diagnose Patients Earlier for Blood Clotting Disorders? Case Report.

Paradoxical embolism occurs when a clot originates in the venous system and traverses through a pulmonary or intracardiac shunt into the systemic circulation, with a mortality rate of around 18%. The risk factors for arterial embolism and venous thrombosis are similar, but different disease entities can lead to a hypercoagulable state of the blood, including antithrombin III (AT III) deficiency. We report the case of a 43-year-old man with a massive central pulmonary embolism with a rider embolus and concomitant aortic arch embolism with involvement of the brachiocephalic trunk, bilateral subclavian and axillary arteries, and the right vertebral artery, followed by a secondary ischaemic stroke.

The Role of Minoxidil in Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Minoxidil, in addition to its vasodilatory effect, has also immunomodulatory properties that may be partially responsible for its efficacy in alopecia areata. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of monotherapy with topical or oral minoxidil in alopecia areata. : A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of monotherapy with minoxidil in alopecia areata was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines.

Application of waste iron in wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) wastewater treatment.

The wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) procedure results in wastewater containing a complex mixture of pollutants, including heavy metals and organic compounds, which are hardly degradable and pose significant environmental challenges. Addressing this issue, the proposed approach, incorporating waste iron shavings as a heterocatalyst within a modified Fenton process, represents a sustainable and effective solution for contaminants degrading in WFGD wastewater. Furthermore, this study aligns with the Best Available Techniques (BAT) regulations by meeting the requirement for compound oxidation-replacing the chlorine utilization with the generation of highly reactive radicals-and coagulation, which completes the treatment process.

Renal Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Metabolic Abnormalities During the Initial Stages of Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

Hypertension is a major cause of mortality worldwide. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and fluid volume. The relationship between the kidneys and hypertension is complex, involving factors such as the renin-angiotensin system, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

Simulation of perovskite thin layer crystallization with varying evaporation rates.

Perovskite solar cells (PSC) are promising potential competitors to established photovoltaic technologies due to their superior efficiency and low-cost solution processability. However, the limited understanding of the crystallization behaviour hinders the technological transition from lab-scale cells to modules. In this work, advanced phase field (PF) simulations of solution-based film formation are used for the first time to obtain mechanistic and morphological information that is experimentally challenging to access.

Prolonged Copper Supplementation Modified Minerals in the Kidney, Liver and Blood, and Potentiated Oxidative Stress and Vasodilation of Isolated Aortic Rings in Young Wistar Rats.

Background: Previous studies have highlighted that copper supplementation at 200% of the recommended daily dietary allowance modified vascular contraction and relaxation through increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prostaglandin formation, which modified the antioxidant status of middle-aged Wistar rats.

Methods: In this study, young (1 month old) male Wistar rats (/group = 10) received a diet supplemented with 6.45 mg copper/kg (100% of daily recommendation-Group A) for 8 weeks.

Manganese-enriched CsPbCl perovskite nanocrystals for self-assembled supercrystals.

The self-assembly of CsPbCl perovskite nanocrystals and their Mn-enriched analogs into supercrystals is reported. Increasing Mn content in the nanocrystals leads to formation of larger, increasingly uniform cubic supercrystals that eventually become rod-like with higher photoluminescence quantum yields.

The Absence of Typical Stroke Symptoms and Risk Factors Represents the Greatest Risk of an Incorrect Diagnosis in Stroke Patients.

Background: Stroke is one of the most misdiagnosed conditions that causes serious medical disabilities. Its early and accurate diagnosis by the emergency team is crucial for the patient's survival. This study aimed to determine the percentage of brain strokes incorrectly diagnosed by paramedic teams and to analyze the factors influencing incorrect diagnoses.

Methods of Using a Manual Defibrillator during Simultaneous Cardiac Arrest in Two Patients-Analysis of the Actions of Emergency Medical Response Teams during the Championships in Emergency Medicine.

Conducting advanced resuscitation requires medical personnel to carry out appropriately coordinated actions. Certain difficulties arise when it becomes necessary to conduct cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on two patients at the same time. The aim of this paper was to assess the actions of teams participating in emergency medicine championships in tasks related to simultaneous cardiac arrests in two patients.

Search for Time-Dependent CP Violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} Decays.

A measurement of time-dependent CP violation in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}π^{0} decays using a pp collision data sample collected by the LHCb experiment in 2012 and from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.7  fb^{-1}, is presented. The initial flavor of each D^{0} candidate is determined from the charge of the pion produced in the D^{*}(2010)^{+}→D^{0}π^{+} decay.

The Role of Water Networks in Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Dissociation and Kinetic Selectivity.

In search of new opportunities to develop Trypanosoma brucei phosphodiesterase B1 (TbrPDEB1) inhibitors that have selectivity over the off-target human PDE4 (hPDE4), different stages of a fragment-growing campaign were studied using a variety of biochemical, structural, thermodynamic, and kinetic binding assays. Remarkable differences in binding kinetics were identified and this kinetic selectivity was explored with computational methods, including molecular dynamics and interaction fingerprint analyses. These studies indicate that a key hydrogen bond between Gln and the inhibitors is exposed to a water channel in TbrPDEB1, leading to fast unbinding.

Decreased vascular contraction and changes in oxidative state in middle-aged Wistar rats after exposure to increased levels of dietary zinc.

Both copper and zinc are known to be important for maintaining health, but most research has focused on deficiencies of these elements. Recent studies have shown that high levels of Cu can be toxic, especially to the cardiovascular (CV) system. However, little research has been done on the effects of higher levels of Zn on the CV system.

ACEGEN: Reinforcement Learning of Generative Chemical Agents for Drug Discovery.

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a valuable tool in drug design, offering the potential to propose and optimize molecules with desired properties. However, striking a balance between capabilities, flexibility, reliability, and efficiency remains challenging due to the complexity of advanced RL algorithms and the significant reliance on specialized code. In this work, we introduce ACEGEN, a comprehensive and streamlined toolkit tailored for generative drug design, built using TorchRL, a modern RL library that offers thoroughly tested reusable components.

Difluorenoheteroles: topological control of π conjugation in diradicaloids and mixed-valence radical ions.

Two families of difluorenoheterole diradicaloids were synthesized, featuring isomeric ring systems with distinct conjugation topologies. The two types of difluorenoheteroles contain, respectively, a Chichibabin-like motif (CH) and a newly introduced heteroatom-linked triphenylmethyl dyad (TD-X). Combined experimental and theoretical investigations show that the TD-X systems have reduced quinoidal character but the interaction between formal spin centers is sufficiently strong to ensure a singlet ground state.

Modification of χ_{c1}(3872) and ψ(2S) Production in pPb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV.

The LHCb Collaboration measures production of the exotic hadron χ_{c1}(3872) in proton-nucleus collisions for the first time. Comparison with the charmonium state ψ(2S) suggests that the exotic χ_{c1}(3872) experiences different dynamics in the nuclear medium than conventional hadrons, and comparison with data from proton-proton collisions indicates that the presence of the nucleus may modify χ_{c1}(3872) production rates. This is the first measurement of the nuclear modification factor of an exotic hadron.

Molecular Copper(I)-Sensitized Photoanodes for Alcohol Oxidation under Ambient Conditions.

Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells can enable the production of molecules currently accessible through energetically demanding syntheses. Copper(I)-based dyes represent electronically tunable charge transfer and separation systems. Herein, we report a Cu(I)-bisdiimine donor-chromophore-acceptor dye with an absorbance in the visible part of the solar spectrum composed of a phenothiazine electron donor, and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine electron acceptor.

A Modular and Catalytic Methodology To Access 2,5-Furan-Based Phenylene/Thiophene Oligomers through a One-Pot Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling from 5-Bromofurfural.

A library of 2,5-furan-based phenylene/thiophene oligomers were synthesized starting from 5-bromofurfural, a derivative of biomass-derived furfural. Varied electronic groups are coupled onto the furan motif, followed by the installation of a phenylene or thiophene central linker through a one-pot Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction. Resulting oligomers containing the furan-phenylene-furan core possess high photoluminescent quantum yields in solution (83-98%), which are crucial for optoelectronic devices.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Manganism: A Narrative Review and Laboratory Recommendations.

In recent years, a series of articles has been published concerning magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in a group of patients exposed to manganism, specifically factory workers, welders, and individuals with liver diseases, as well as those abusing home-produced ephedrone. Some potential symptoms of manganese toxicity include motor disturbances, neurocognitive problems, sleep disorders, and psychosocial changes. Despite various publications on MRI research in individuals with an elevated risk of manganism, there is a noticeable absence of a comprehensive review in this field.

Characterizations of White Mulberry, Sea-Buckthorn, Garlic, Lily of the Valley, Motherwort, and Hawthorn as Potential Candidates for Managing Cardiovascular Disease-In Vitro and Ex Vivo Animal Studies.

Cardiovascular diseases are a broadly understood concept focusing on vascular and heart dysfunction. Lack of physical exercise, type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, thromboembolism, and kidney and lung diseases all contribute to the development of heart and blood vessel dysfunction. Although effective and important, traditional treatment with diuretics, statins, beta blockers, calcium inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, and anti-platelet drugs remains a second-line treatment after dietary interventions and lifestyle changes.