Modulation peroxisome proliferators activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) and acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase1 (ACAT1) gene expression by fatty acids in foam cell.

Background: One of the most important factors in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis is the default in macrophage cholesterol homeostasis. Many genes and transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferators activated receptors (PPARs) and acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase1 (ACAT1) are involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Fatty acids are important ligands of PPARalpha and the concentration of them can effect expression of ACAT1.