Enhancing Gentamicin Antibacterial Activity by Co-Encapsulation with Thymoquinone in Liposomal Formulation.

Background And Purpose: Gentamicin (GEN) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that cannot be prescribed freely because of its toxicity. Thymoquinone (THQ), a phytochemical, has antibacterial, antioxidant, and toxicity-reducing properties. However, its hydrophobicity and light sensitivity make it challenging to utilize.

Tween 80-Based Self-Assembled Mixed Micelles Boost Valsartan Transdermal Delivery.

Valsartan (Val) is an important antihypertensive medication with poor absorption and low oral bioavailability. These constraints are due to its poor solubility and dissolution rate. The purpose of this study was to optimize a mixed micelle system for the transdermal delivery of Val in order to improve its therapeutic performance by providing prolonged uniform drug levels while minimizing drug side effects.

Chitosan-Coated Azithromycin/Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles: A Characterization and Potency Study.

Purpose: Antimicrobial resistance is a major health hazard worldwide. Combining azithromycin (AZ) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) in one drug delivery system was proposed to boost their antibacterial activity and overcome resistance. This study aims to improve azithromycin and ciprofloxacin activity by co-encapsulating them inside chitosan-coated polymeric nanoparticles and evaluating their antibacterial activity.

Electrolytes Play a Role in Detecting Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Complications and May Even Prevent Them-Retrospective Analysis.

: Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug used to treat several types of malignancies. It is a platinum-based compound that interferes with cell division and DNA replication. Cisplatin has been associated with renal damage.

An Explorative Review on Advanced Approaches to Overcome Bacterial Resistance by Curbing Bacterial Biofilm Formation.

The continuous emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens evoked the development of innovative approaches targeting virulence factors unique to their pathogenic cascade. These approaches aimed to explore anti-virulence or anti-infective therapies. There are evident concerns regarding the bacterial ability to create a superstructure, the biofilm.

Viridiflorol induces anti-neoplastic effects on breast, lung, and brain cancer cells through apoptosis.

All active natural molecules are not fully exploited as therapeutic agents, causing delays in the advancement of anticancer drug discovery. Viridiflorol is a natural volatile element that may work as anti-cancer compound. We tested the anticancer properties of viridiflorol at different concentrations ranging from 0.

Antibacterial Efficacy of Liposomal Formulations Containing Tobramycin and -Acetylcysteine against Tobramycin-Resistant , , and .

The antibacterial activity and biofilm reduction capability of liposome formulations encapsulating tobramycin (TL), and Tobramycin--acetylcysteine (TNL) were tested against tobramycin-resistant strains of , and in the presence of several resistant genes. All antibacterial activity were assessed against tobramycin-resistant bacterial clinical isolate strains, which were fully characterized by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). All isolates acquired one or more of AMEs genes, efflux pump genes, OMP genes, and biofilm formation genes.

Essential Oil Analysis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Three Aromatic Plant Species Growing in Saudi Arabia.

Arabian flora is a rich source of bioactive compounds. In this study, we investigated three aromatic plant species with the aim of finding valuable sources of antimicrobial agents against common pathogenic microorganisms. We focused especially on microorganisms, which cause outbreaks of infectious disease during mass gatherings and pilgrimages season in Saudi Arabia.

Systematic Phytochemical Screening of Different Organs of and the Ovicidal Effect of Their Extracts to the Foodstuff Pest .

In developing countries, crop deterioration is mainly caused by inappropriate storage conditions that promote insect infestation. Synthetic pesticides are associated with serious adverse effects on humans and the environment. Thus, finding alternative "green" insecticides is a very pressing need.

Folic Acid-Terminated Poly(2-Diethyl Amino Ethyl Methacrylate) Brush-Gated Magnetic Mesoporous Nanoparticles as a Smart Drug Delivery System.

Currently, chemotherapy is an important method for the treatment of various cancers. Nevertheless, it has many limitations, such as poor tumour selectivity and multi-drug resistance. It is necessary to improve this treatment method by incorporating a targeted drug delivery system aimed to reduce side effects and drug resistance.

Glucosamine Modified the Surface of pH-Responsive Poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl Methacrylate) Brushes Grafted on Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Smart Nanocarrier.

This work presents the synthesis of pH-responsive poly(2-(diethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDEAEMA) brushes anchored on hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSN-PDEAEMA) via a surface-initiated ARGET ATRP technique. The average size of HMSNs was ca. 340 nm, with a 90 nm mesoporous silica shell.

Enhancing azithromycin antibacterial activity by encapsulation in liposomes/liposomal-N-acetylcysteine formulations against resistant clinical strains of .

is an that could develop resistance to various antibiotics and become a multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterium. Options for treating MDR are limited and the pipeline is somewhat dry when it comes to antibiotics for MDR bacteria, so we aimed to explore more options to help in treating MDR . The purpose of this study is to examine the synergistic effect of a liposomal formulations of co-encapsulated azithromycin and N-acetylcysteine against Liposomal azithromycin (LA) and liposomal azithromycin/N-acetylcysteine (LAN) were compared to free azithromycin.

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Triphala Constituents and Nanoformulation.

The prevalence of nosocomial infections due to multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Folk medicine and ethnopharmacological data can provide a broad range of plants with promising antimicrobial activity. Triphala, an Ayurvedic formula composed of three different plants: Retz.

Novel Self-Assembled Polycaprolactone-Lipid Hybrid Nanoparticles Enhance the Antibacterial Activity of Ciprofloxacin.

Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a widely used antibiotic, is a poor biopharmaceutical resulting in low bioavailability. We optimized a CIP polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticle (CIP-PLN) delivery system to enhance its biopharmaceutical attributes and the overall therapeutic performance. CIP-PLN formulations were prepared by a direct emulsification-solvent-evaporation method.

Gene Ontology and Expression Studies of Strigolactone Analogues on a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line.

Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common and recurrent type of primary adult liver cancer without any effective therapy. Plant-derived compounds acting as anticancer agents can induce apoptosis by targeting several signaling pathways. Strigolactone (SL) is a novel class of phytohormone, whose analogues have been reported to possess anticancer properties on a panel of human cancer cell lines through inducing cell cycle arrest, destabilizing microtubular integrity, reducing damaged in the DNA repair machinery, and inducing apoptosis.

Identification of Deregulated Signaling Pathways in Jurkat Cells in Response to a Novel Acylspermidine Analogue-N-Erucoyl Spermidine.

Natural polyamines such as putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are crucial in the cell proliferation and maintenance in all the eukaryotes. However, the requirement of polyamines in tumor cells is stepped up to maintain tumorigenicity. Many synthetic polyamine analogues have been designed recently to target the polyamine metabolism in tumors to induce apoptosis.

Synthetic strigolactone analogues reveal anti-cancer activities on hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The complex etiology is attributed to many factors like heredity, cirrhosis, hepatitis infections or the dysregulation of the different molecular pathways. Nevertheless, the current treatment regimens have either severe side effects or tumors gradually acquire resistance upon prolonged use.

Efficacy of neutral and negatively charged liposome-loaded gentamicin on planktonic bacteria and biofilm communities.

We investigated the efficacy of liposomal gentamicin formulations of different surface charges against and . The liposomal gentamicin formulations were prepared by the dehydration-rehydration method, and their sizes and zeta potential were measured. Gentamicin encapsulation efficiency inside the liposomal formulations was determined by microbiologic assay, and stability of the formulations in biologic fluid was evaluated for a period of 48 h.

Antimicrobial properties of liposomal azithromycin for Pseudomonas infections in cystic fibrosis patients.

Objectives: This work was carried out to construct a novel liposomal azithromycin formulation and examine its antimicrobial effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Methods: The liposomal azithromycin formulation was prepared by the dehydration-rehydration vesicle method and its characterizations were tested. The MIC and the MBC of the liposomal formulation were determined by the microbroth dilution method.

Activity and interactions of liposomal antibiotics in presence of polyanions and sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis.

Background: To compare the effectiveness of liposomal tobramycin or polymyxin B against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Cystic Fibrosis (CF) sputum and its inhibition by common polyanionic components such as DNA, F-actin, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and lipoteichoic acid (LTA).

Methodology: Liposomal formulations were prepared from a mixture of 1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine (DMPC) or 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine (DPPC) and Cholesterol (Chol), respectively. Stability of the formulations in different biological milieus and antibacterial activities compared to conventional forms in the presence of the aforementioned inhibitory factors or CF sputum were evaluated.

Bismuth-thiol incorporation enhances biological activities of liposomal tobramycin against bacterial biofilm and quorum sensing molecules production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Recurrent pulmonary infection and inflammation are major risk factors for high morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). As such, frequent antibiotic use and drug resistant bacterial strains are main concerns in individuals with CF. Bacterial virulence and resistance are influenced by unique CF airways fluid lining and Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing (QS) and biofilm formation.

Liposomal bismuth-ethanedithiol formulation enhances antimicrobial activity of tobramycin.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia (formally, genomovar III genotype of Burkholderia cepacia complex) have emerged as serious opportunistic resistant pathogens in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). We have developed a liposomal formulation containing bismuth-ethanedithiol (BiEDT) and tobramycin to overcome bacterial resistance. The stability of liposomal BiEDT-tobramycin (LipoBiEDT-TOB) was studied in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and human pooled plasma at 4 and 37 degrees C.

Antimicrobial effectiveness of liposomal polymyxin B against resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains.

Polymyxin B is a polycationic antibiotic effective in the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections. Systemic use of polymyxin B has been limited due to its toxicity, most notably nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and neuromuscular blockade. Entrapment of antibiotics in liposomes is known to enhance their antimicrobial activities while minimizing their toxic effects.

Bactericidal efficacy of liposomal aminoglycosides against Burkholderia cenocepacia.

Objectives: Burkholderia cenocepacia (formally a genotype of Burkholderia cepacia complex called genomovar III) has emerged as a serious opportunistic pathogen in individuals with cystic fibrosis. We developed a liposomal antibiotic formulation composed of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and cholesterol (molar ratio 2:1) to overcome B. cenocepacia's resistance to commonly used aminoglycosidic antibiotics.

Mechanism of enhanced activity of liposome-entrapped aminoglycosides against resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is inherently resistant to most conventional antibiotics. The mechanism of resistance of this bacterium is mainly associated with the low permeability of its outer membrane to these agents. We sought to assess the bactericidal efficacy of liposome-entrapped aminoglycosides against resistant clinical strains of P.