Energy behaviour and economic analysis of a photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) collector coupled with a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination unit in Tunisian climatic conditions: a feasibility study.

Water scarcity affects about one billion people in the world. Around two billion people could be living in water-stressed areas by 2050. For this reason, the desalination is always evolving due to the importance of the water resources found in the seas and brackish water.

Potential of simple and hybrid nanofluid enhancement in performances of a flat plate solar water heater under a typical North-African climate (Tunisia).

This work aims to quantify the long-term performance improvement of solar water heater system by using both simple and hybrid nanofluids. For this purpose, transient system simulations of a flat plate solar collector have been carried out and discussed using titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, and copper oxide/multiwalled oxide-carbon nanotube nanofluid-based nanoparticles. Tunisian climatic conditions with a typical household need has been considered, and the investigations have been established in terms of energy amounts, solar fractions, and harmful CO emission avoidance.