The Effect of Synbiotic and Probiotic Supplementation on Mental Health Parameters in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Introduction: The purpose of this double-blind clinical trial, was to examine the effect of supplementation with the synbiotic and probiotic on the mental health, quality of life, and anemia in HD patients.

Methods: Seventy-five HD patients were randomly assigned to receive the synbiotic ( = 23) as 15 g of prebiotics, 5 g of probiotic powder containing , and (2.7 × 107 CFU/g each); probiotics ( = 23) as 5 g probiotics similar to the synbiotic group with 15 g of maltodextrin as placebo; and placebo ( = 19) as 20 g of maltodextrin.

The effect of 12 weeks of euenergetic high-protein diet in regulating appetite and body composition of women with normal-weight obesity: a randomised controlled trial.

Normal-weight obesity (NWO) syndrome is associated with metabolic diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of a high-protein (HP) v. a standard protein (SP) diet on appetite, anthropometry and body composition in NWO women.