Impact of professional, recreational and nonsinging on temporomandibular disorders - a comparative study based on a self-assessment questionnaire.

Background: This study investigates the relationship between professional and recreational singing on temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in women compared to a nonsinging control group.

Methods: A total of 288 female subjects between the ages of 18 and 45 participated in the self-assessment questionnaire including demographic data, as well as questions on vocal practice and TMDs symptoms. Depending on the singing time per week, the (non)vocalists were assigned to the groups professional (n = 96), recreational (n = 96) and nonsingers (n = 96).