Survival and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Patients with Single versus Repeat Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Runs.

Objective: We describe the survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) patients who received single and repeat extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Study Design: This is a retrospective single-center study comparing neurodevelopmental outcomes in CDH patients who were managed without ECMO, who received one ECMO run, and those who received two ECMO runs. Neurodevelopmental testing was performed utilizing the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III.

Cerebellar hemorrhage: a 10-year evaluation of risk factors.

While cerebellar hemorrhage (CH) has been linked with adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants, it remains under-recognized and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. To determine risk factors for CH in premature infants. A retrospective cohort study included all inborn infants ≤ 30 weeks EGA admitted to the NICU from 2007 to 2016.

Central versus Low-Lying Umbilical Venous Catheters: A Multicenter Study of Practices and Complications.

Objectives: Conventional neonatology practice is to place umbilical venous catheters (UVCs) in central position and to limit the use of low-lying catheters. Our objectives were to describe the practices and complications associated with UVCs and to evaluate the type of infusates used with either UVC position.

Study Design: A retrospective chart review was performed at four neonatal intensive care units to identify neonates who underwent UVC placement over a 2-year period.

Necrotizing enterocolitis leads to disruption of tight junctions and increase in gut permeability in a mouse model.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of death in preterm infants. Neonates weighing <1500 grams are at the highest risk for acquiring NEC, with a prevalence of nearly 7-10%, mortality up to 30%, and several long-term complications among survivors. Despite advancements in neonatal medicine, this disease remains a challenge to treat.

A Web-Based Calculator for the Prediction of Severe Neurodevelopmental Impairment in Preterm Infants Using Clinical and Imaging Characteristics.

Although the most common forms of brain injury in preterm infants have been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, existing MRI scoring systems lack specificity, do not incorporate clinical factors, and are technically challenging to perform. The objective of this study was to develop a web-based, clinically-focused prediction system which differentiates severe neurodevelopmental outcomes from normal-moderate outcomes at two years. Infants were retrospectively identified as those who were born ≤30 weeks gestation and who had MRI imaging at term-equivalent age and neurodevelopmental testing at 18⁻24 months.

Divergent risk factors for cerebellar and intraventricular hemorrhage.

Objective: To identify whether intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and cerebellar hemorrhage (CH) have common or divergent risk factors.

Study Design: This is a retrospective cross-sectional cohort of infants including all infants born <30 weeks from 2007 to 2016. Comprehensive perinatal and clinical factors were extracted from the medical record.

Association between subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation and weight gain: Results of a case-control study.

Objective: To evaluate whether weight change in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is different in those undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) compared to those not undergoing DBS.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed in PD patients who had undergone STN DBS (cases) compared to matched PD patients without DBS (controls). Demographic and clinical data including Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor scores were collected.

The potential utility of non-invasive imaging to monitor restoration of bladder structure and function following subtotal cystectomy (STC).

Background: Restoration of normal bladder volume and function (i.e., bioequivalent bladder) are observed within 8 weeks of performing subtotal cystectomy (STC; removal of ~70 % of the bladder) in 12-week old rats.