Newly synthesized palladium(II) complexes with dialkyl esters of (,)-propylenediamine-,'-di-(2,2'-di-(4-hydroxy-benzil))acetic acid: investigation of biological activities and HSA/DNA binding.

The four new ligands, dialkyl esters of (,)-propylenediamine-,'-di-(2,2'-di-(4-hydroxy-benzil))acetic acid (R-,-pddtyr·2HCl) (R = ethyl (L1), propyl (L2), butyl (L3), and pentyl (L4)) and corresponding palladium(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by microanalysis, infrared, H NMR and C NMR spectroscopy. cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay on four tumor cell lines, including mouse mammary (4T1) and colon (CT26), and human mammary (MDA-MD-468) and colon (HCT116), as well as non-tumor mouse mesenchymal stem cells. Using fluorescence spectroscopy were investigated the interactions of new palladium(II) complexes [PdCl(R-,-pddtyr)]; (R = ethyl (C1), propyl (C2), butyl (C3), and pentyl (C4)) with calf thymus human serum albumin (HSA) and DNA (CT-DNA).

Synthesis, characterization, HSA binding, molecular docking, cytotoxicity study, and antimicrobial activity of new palladium(II) complexes with propylenediamine derivatives of phenylalanine.

The four new ligands, propylenediamine derivatives of phenylalanine (R-S,S-pddbaˑ2HCl; L1-L4) and their palladium(II) complexes (C1-C4) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared, H and C NMR spectroscopy. The interactions of new palladium(II) complexes with human serum albumin (HSA) were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. All investigated compounds can be transported to target cells by binding to HSA, but complex C4 interacts most strongly.

Synthesis, characterization, HSA/DNA interactions and antitumor activity of new [Ru(η-p-cymene)Cl(L)] complexes.

Three new ruthenium(II) complexes were synthesized from different substituted isothiazole ligands 5-(methylamino)-3-pyrrolidine-1-ylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile (1), 5-(methylamino)-3-(4-methylpiperazine-1-yl)isothiazole-4-carbonitrile (2) and 5-(methylamino)-3-morpholine-4-ylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile (3): [Ru(η-p-cymene)Cl(L1)]·HO (4), [Ru(η-p-cymene)Cl(L2)] (5) and [Ru(η-p-cymene)Cl(L3)] (6). All complexes were characterized by IR, UV-Vis, NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The molecular structures of all ligands and complexes 4 and 6 were determined by an X-ray.

Digitally controlled analog proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for high-speed scanning probe microscopy.

Nearly all scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) contain a feedback controller, which is used to move the scanner in the direction of the z-axis in order to maintain a constant setpoint based on the tip-sample interaction. The most frequently used feedback controller in SPMs is the proportional-integral (PI) controller. The bandwidth of the PI controller presents one of the speed limiting factors in high-speed SPMs, where higher bandwidths enable faster scanning speeds and higher imaging resolution.

Probing the Morphology and Evolving Dynamics of 3D Printed Nanostructures Using High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy.

Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) has been demonstrated as a promising solution for synthesizing truly three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures. However, the lack of morphological feedback during growth complicates further development toward higher spatial fabrication precision. Here, we show that by combining in situ high speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) with FEBID, morphologies in multistep fabrication process can be accessed.

Direct-write nanoscale printing of nanogranular tunnelling strain sensors for sub-micrometre cantilevers.

The sensitivity and detection speed of cantilever-based mechanical sensors increases drastically through size reduction. The need for such increased performance for high-speed nanocharacterization and bio-sensing, drives their sub-micrometre miniaturization in a variety of research fields. However, existing detection methods of the cantilever motion do not scale down easily, prohibiting further increase in the sensitivity and detection speed.

Design of a high-bandwidth tripod scanner for high speed atomic force microscopy.

Tip-scanning high-speed atomic force microscopes (HS-AFMs) have several advantages over their sample-scanning counterparts. Firstly, they can be used on samples of almost arbitrary size since the high imaging bandwidth of the system is immune to the added mass of the sample and its holder. Depending on their layouts, they also enable the use of several tip-scanning HS-AFMs in combination.

Piezoresistive AFM cantilevers surpassing standard optical beam deflection in low noise topography imaging.

Optical beam deflection (OBD) is the most prevalent method for measuring cantilever deflections in atomic force microscopy (AFM), mainly due to its excellent noise performance. In contrast, piezoresistive strain-sensing techniques provide benefits over OBD in readout size and the ability to image in light-sensitive or opaque environments, but traditionally have worse noise performance. Miniaturisation of cantilevers, however, brings much greater benefit to the noise performance of piezoresistive sensing than to OBD.

High-speed imaging upgrade for a standard sample scanning atomic force microscope using small cantilevers.

We present an atomic force microscope (AFM) head for optical beam deflection on small cantilevers. Our AFM head is designed to be small in size, easily integrated into a commercial AFM system, and has a modular architecture facilitating exchange of the optical and electronic assemblies. We present two different designs for both the optical beam deflection and the electronic readout systems, and evaluate their performance.

Single-cycle-PLL detection for real-time FM-AFM applications.

In this paper we present a novel architecture for phase-locked loop (PLL) based high-speed demodulation of frequency-modulated (FM) atomic force microscopy (AFM) signals. In our approach, we use single-sideband (SSB) frequency upconversion to translate the AFM signal from the position sensitive detector to a fixed intermediate frequency (IF) of 10 MHz. In this way, we fully benefit from the excellent noise performance of PLL-based FM demodulators still avoiding the intrinsic bandwidth limitation of such systems.

Focused electron beam induced deposition: A perspective.

Background: Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is a direct-writing technique with nanometer resolution, which has received strongly increasing attention within the last decade. In FEBID a precursor previously adsorbed on a substrate surface is dissociated in the focus of an electron beam. After 20 years of continuous development FEBID has reached a stage at which this technique is now particularly attractive for several areas in both, basic and applied research.