The Impact of Standard Cross-Linking on the Corneal Optical Density-Age Relationship in Keratoconus After Mechanical Stripping of the Epithelium.

To determine if cross-linking (CXL) treatment modifies any pre-existing association between corneal optical density (COD) and age in keratoconus free of corneal scarring. COD was monitored in two groups (i) before and after standard CXL treatment for keratoconus (de-epithelization with a crescent blade,  = 69 eyes) and (ii) age/gender-matched cases without any signs of keratoconus ( = 24 eyes). Seven different markers of COD were quantified using a 0-100 grey scale, supplied with Pentacam™ software.

Could Automated Objective Measurements Acquired at the Preoperative Stage Estimate the Corrected Distance Visual Acuity after Corneal Cross-Linking in Keratoconus?

Introduction: Objective markers describing corneal optical density (COD), thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), and anterior (ARC) and posterior (PRC) surface radii over the 3 mm thinnest region of the cornea were investigated to provide a model for estimating corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) after corneal cross-linking (CXL) in keratoconus.

Methods: CDVA, COD, TCT, ARC, and PRC were monitored (using Pentacam™) over 1 year in patients with (1) keratoconus treated with routine CXL (2) relatively stable untreated keratoconus, and (3) age/gender-matched controls.

Results: In group 1 (n = 77), the median logMAR CDVA (mode, interquartile range) improved significantly (p < 0.

Stereoacuity and Aniseikonia: Evaluation Before and After Bilateral Implantation of Three Types of Presbyopia-Correcting Intraocular Lenses in Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification with Due Consideration of Interocular Differences in Higher Order Aberrations, Axial Lengths, Refractive Errors, and Acuities.

Purpose: To determine if the changes in stereoacuity and aniseikonia, following bilateral implantation of presbyopia correcting intraocular lenses could be predicted from preoperative measurements of higher order aberrations (HOAs), axial lengths (AL), refractive errors (RE) and corrected visual acuities (CVAs).

Patients And Methods: Stereoacuity (Randot tests, @6m & 40cm, in steps of 20 arcsecs") vertical and horizontal aniseikonia (Awaya test @6m, in steps of 1%) with best correction and HOAs (Shack-Hartmann aberrometer) were measured before, 3 and 6 months after uncomplicated bilateral phacoemulsification. Twenty patients (I) underwent a mix-and-match procedure (Tecnis MF, ZKB00 in one eye and ZLB00 in the other), 17 (II) were implanted with a trifocal (AT LISA 839 triMP) and 18 (III) with a one-piece diffractive (Synergy OU) intraocular lens.

Predictability of the Achieved Lenticule Thickness in Keratorefractive Lenticule Extraction for Myopia Correction.

Purpose: To assess the predictability between the SCHWIND ATOS femtosecond laser (SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions) read-out and achieved lenticule thickness measured using MS-39 anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT; CSO) at the corneal vertex at postoperative 1 day and 1 and 3 months of follow-up.

Methods: This retrospective case series included 130 eyes of 65 consecutive patients who were treated with SmartSight (SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions) lenticule extraction. Sixty-four percent of patients were women with a mean spherical refraction of -4.

First European results of a new refractive lenticular extraction procedure-SmartSight by SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions.

Background: To evaluate vision 3 months after SmartSight lenticule extraction treatments.

Design: Case series.

Methods: This case series of patients were treated at Specialty Eye Hospital Svjetlost in Zagreb, Croatia.

Management of Post-LASIK Ectasia.

Background: Corneal ectasia is a sight-threatening complication of corneal refractive surgery characterized by progressive steepening and thinning of the cornea and subsequent loss of best-corrected visual acuity.

Objective: To report the clinical outcomes following treatment of post-laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) induced ectasia.

Methods: This is a retrospective case series of 7 patients (10 eyes) which developed post-LASIK ectasia.

Stereoacuity and Multifocal Intraocular Lenses - a Systematic Review.

Background: Among various visual functions, stereoacuity, or the ability to perceive depth, is the most sophisticated binocular function. Many publications discuss the influence of retinal image formation by multifocal intraocular lenses on glare and contrast sensitivity, but only a few present results of testing binocular vision in patients with multifocal intraocular lenses.

Objective: This article is designed to review the results of testing binocular vision in patients with multifocal intraocular lenses implanted in cataract surgery.

Prevalence of keratoconus in refractive surgery practice population in North Macedonia.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of keratoconus (KC) in relation to ethnicity in a group of people who consulted an ophthalmological care institution seeking for refractive surgery in N. Macedonia.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, interventional retrospective study.

Comparison between the change in total corneal astigmatism and actual change in refractive astigmatism in transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (tPRK), laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and femtosecond laser assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FsLASIK).

Purpose: To compare changes in astigmatism by refraction and total corneal astigmatism after tPRK, LASIK and FsLASIK.

Setting: Specialty Eye Hospital Svjetlost, Zagreb, Croatia.

Design: Partially masked, semi-randomized, prospective, case-by-case, interventional, clinical study.

A critical evaluation of longitudinal changes of astigmatism following implantation of toric implantable collamer lens (TICL): a comparison between treated and untreated cases over 4 years.

Purpose: To evaluate residual astigmatism following correction with toric implantable collamer lens (TICL) (group I) over a period of 4 years and compare with the change of astigmatism in spectacle wearers (group II).

Methods: Groups I (86 cases implanted with TICL [EVO + Visian ICL, Staar Surgical, Nidau, Switzeland], preop refractive error [sphere and cylinder] - 22.25 DS to - 1.

Comparison of Flap Characteristics Created with Two Different Methods in Laser in Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK).

Background: The creation of corneal flap is considered to be the most critical part of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery. Currently, flaps can be created with mechanical micorkeratomes or femtosecond lasers.

Objective: To analyze and compare flap characteristics created with two different methods for flap creation in Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Clinical Outcomes With a New Continuous Range of Vision Presbyopia-Correcting Intraocular Lens.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes including patient-reported outcome measures in a sample of eyes undergoing bilateral cataract surgery with implantation of a new model of presbyopia-correcting intraocular lens (IOL).

Methods: This non-randomized prospective case series enrolled 206 eyes of 103 patients undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery with bilateral implantation of the TECNIS Synergy IOL (Johnson & Johnson Vision). High and low contrast visual acuity, refractive, defocus curve, and patient-reported visual performance (Catquest-9SF questionnaire) outcomes were evaluated during a 3-month follow-up.

Predicted and Measured Changes in Posterior Corneal Astigmatism after Uncomplicated Femtosecond Assisted LASIK (FsLASIK) and Microkeratome LASIK Correction for Myopia and Low Astigmatism.

: To compare predicted and measured changes in astigmatism at the posterior corneal surface (PCS) after FsLASIK or LASIK.: Astigmatism was measured at both corneal surfaces (Pentacam) before and 3 months after unremarkable FFsLASIK (roup 1,n = 100) or LLASIK (roup 2,n = 100) for myopia (-7.25DS to -0.

Are changes in visual acuity and astigmatism after corneal cross-linking (CXL) in keratoconus predictable?

Purpose: To evaluate changes in corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), ratio of anterior and posterior corneal radii over the thinnest region of the cornea (ARC/PRC), and astigmatism after cross-linking (CXL) in keratoconus.

Methods: Subjective refraction and ARC/PRC (using Pentacam™) were monitored over 1 year in (I) keratoconus treated with routine CXL (n = 53), (II) relatively stable keratoconus (n = 23), and (III) age/gender matched controls (n = 24).

Results: CDVA (median, mode, interquartile range) improved significantly in group I, compared with groups II and III (p < 0.

Changes in the Higher Order Ocular Aberrations and Central Corneal Thickness After T-PRK and Fs-LASIK.

Introduction: Refractive surgery procedures, transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (T-PRK), and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (Fs-LASIK) are regarded as safe and efficacious methods for correcting myopia and myopic astigmatism. These two methods do not have many differences in results when treating spherical myopia while differences exist in the treatment of astigmatism correction. Vector analysis presents a powerful tool to show the real differences between these two methods regarding high ocular aberrations and central corneal thickness of treated eyes.

The relationship between patient age and residual refractive error after uneventful laser in situ keratomileusis for moderate-to-high hyperopia.

Purpose: To determine if the manifest sphero-cylindrical residual refractive error, at various time points over a 12-month postop period after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) was associated with patient age at time of surgery.

Methods: Patients with moderate to high hyperopia (3.00-7.

Vector Analysis of Changes in the Higher Order Ocular Aberrations and Central Corneal Thickness After T-PRK and Fs-LASIK.

Introduction: Refractive surgery procedures, transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (T-PRK) and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (Fs-LASIK) are regarded as safe and efficacious methods for correcting myopia and myopic astigmatism. These two methods do not have much differences in results when treating spherical myopia, while some differences does exist in treatment of myopic astigmatism. Vector analysis presents powerful tool to show the real differences between these two methods regarding higher order ocular aberrations and central corneal thickness of treated eyes.

Keratoconus Progression Classification One Year After Performed Crosslinking Method Based on ABCD Keratoconus Grading System.

Introduction: Keratoconus is described as a degenerative bilateral, progressive, noninflammatory corneal disorder characterized by ectasia, thinning, and increased curvature. Keratoconus progression classification 1 year after performed crosslinking method in this study is based on the ABCD keratoconus grading system.

Aim: To evaluate the possible keratoconus progression one year after performed a crosslinking (CXL) method based on the ABCD keratoconus grading system.

Excimer Lasers in Refractive Surgery.

Introduction: In the field of ophthalmology, laser technology is used in many basic and clinical disciplines and specialities. It has played an important role in promoting the development of ophthalmology.

Aim: This article is designed to review the evolution of laser technology in refractive surgeries in ophthalmology, mainly focusing on the characteristics of the excimer laser applied in corneal refractive surgery.

Cross-linking treatment for better visual acuity.

Aim To correlate the maximum anterior sagittal curvature (Kmax) changes and uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) in keratoconus patients after the cross-linking (CXL) procedure. Methods Forty-four eyes of 34 patients with keratoconus were analysed after the standard Dresden protocol CXL procedure had been performed. All patients underwent complete preoperative examination with a follow-up of 12 months with focus on UDVA, CDVA and Oculus Pentacam (Scheimpflug technology) analysis.

Treatment of High Astigmatism with WaveLight Allegretto Eye-Q Excimer Laser Platform.

Introduction: The WaveLight Allegretto Eye-Q is a flying-spot excimer laser, with a pulse repetition rate of 400Hz, with two galvanometric scanners for positioning laser pulses. The system has an infrared high speed camera operating at 400Hz to track the patient's eye movements that either compensates for changes in eye position or interrupts the treatment if the eye moves outside a preset predetermined range.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate WaveLight Allegretto Eye-Q 400Hz laser delivery platform aimed to correct astigmatism by subjecting the pre and postoperative astigmatic values to vector analysis.

The relationship between clinical measures of aniseikonia and stereoacuity before and after LASIK.

Purpose: To determine the significance of changes and and inter-relationships between three markers of binocular function (aniseikonia, distance and near stereoacuity) following unremarkable LASIK at 3 and 6 months postoperatively.

Methods: All patients underwent LASIK using the Schwind Amaris 750S and the flaps were created using Intralase 150 kHz. Patients were I, monocular myopes II, binocular myopes III, binocular hyperopes IV, binocular astigmats V, anisometropes and VI, matched age and gender control (n = 20 in each group except III where n = 18).

Lasik as a Solution for High Hypermetropia.

Aim: To evaluate safety and efficacy of Laser in situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) procedure for the correction of high hypermetropia.

Methods: Retrospective study of 160 patients (266 eyes) who underwent LASIK procedure for the correction of hypermetropia between +3.00 and +7.

Changes in Endothelial Cell Count Up to Three Years After Implantation of Toric Implantable Collamer Lenses.

Purpose: To determine the temporal effect of toric implantable collamer lens (TICL) implantation and location on corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) over a period of 36 months after surgery.

Methods: ECD [number of cells per square millimeter estimated using the Specular Microscope SP-1P (Topcon Europe Medical B.V.

Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Post LASIK Ectasia: A Review of over 30,000 LASIK Cases.

Purpose: To report the incidence of postoperative ectasia after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Methods: A retrospective case review of 30,167 eyes (16,732 patients) was conducted following LASIK between August 2007 and August 2015. The follow-up was between 2 and 8 years.