The role of ClpP, RpoS and CsrA in growth and filament formation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium at low temperature.

Background: Salmonellae are food-borne pathogens of great health and economic importance. To pose a threat to humans, Salmonellae normally have to cope with a series of stressful conditions in the food chain, including low temperature. In the current study, we evaluated the importance of the Clp proteolytic complex and the carbon starvation protein, CsrA, for the ability of Salmonella Typhimurium to grow at low temperature.

Non-essential genes form the hubs of genome scale protein function and environmental gene expression networks in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium.

Background: Salmonella Typhimurium is an important pathogen of human and animals. It shows a broad growth range and survives in harsh conditions. The aim of this study was to analyze transcriptional responses to a number of growth and stress conditions as well as the relationship of metabolic pathways and/or cell functions at the genome-scale-level by network analysis, and further to explore whether highly connected genes (hubs) in these networks were essential for growth, stress adaptation and virulence.

Comparison of heat stress responses of immobilized and planktonic Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium.

Salmonellae are often present as immobilized cells in food products in the form of micro-colonies. Despite this, most research into Salmonella physiology has been performed with bacteria grown as planktonic cultures. In the current study, we compared the transcriptome of planktonic and immobilized Salmonella enterica subsp.

A third mode of surface-associated growth: immobilization of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium modulates the RpoS-directed transcriptional programme.

Although the growth of bacteria has been studied for more than a century, it is only in recent decades that surface-associated growth has received attention. In addition to the well-characterized biofilm and swarming lifestyles, bacteria can also develop as micro-colonies supported by structured environments in both food products and the GI tract. This immobilized mode of growth has not been widely studied.

Cell shrinkage as a signal to apoptosis in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.

Cell shrinkage is a hallmark of the apoptotic mode of programmed cell death, but it is as yet unclear whether a reduction in cell volume is a primary activation signal of apoptosis. Here we studied the effect of an acute elevation of osmolarity (NaCl or sucrose additions, final osmolarity 687 mosmol l(-1)) on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts to identify components involved in the signal transduction from shrinkage to apoptosis. After 1.