Screening of osmotic stress-tolerant bacteria for plant growth promotion in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) under drought conditions.

Drought stress adversely affects plant growth and productivity. Therefore, the application of plant growth-promoting bacteria is a viable option for combating drought resistance in crops. In this study, 144 bacteria were isolated from the Kutch desert soil in Gujarat.

Directional migration propensity of calf thymus DNA in a gradient of metal ions.

Herein we report the migrational behaviour and spatial distribution of calf thymus DNA in a gradient of different physiologically relevant monovalent and divalent cations under two different conditions - (i) microfluidic and (ii) evaporating droplets. Amplified phoresis toward high concentrations of Mg and Ca compared to other ions and non-uniform DNA coating in a gradient of ions were observed. This process, which was governed by the effective charge and diffusion coefficient of the DNA-metal ion complex, can have potential applications in nucleic acid-based spatiotemporal surface patterning, biosensors, and dynamic biocolloidal assembly and transport.

Transition-metal-catalyzed C-H bond alkylation using olefins: recent advances and mechanistic aspects.

Transition metal catalysis has contributed immensely to C-C bond formation reactions over the last few decades, and alkylation is no exception. The superiority of such methodologies over traditional alkylation is evident from minimal reaction steps, shorter reaction times, and atom economy while also allowing control over regio- and stereo-selectivity. In particular, hydrocarbonation of alkenes has grabbed increased attention due its fundamental ability to effectively and selectively synthesise a wide range of industrially and pharmaceutically relevant moieties.

Zirconia- and ceria-based electrolytes for fuel cell applications: critical advancements toward sustainable and clean energy production.

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are emerging as energy conversion devices for large-scale electrical power generation because of their high energy conversion efficiency, excellent ability to minimize air pollution, and high fuel flexibility. In this context, this critical review has focussed on the recent advancements in developing a suitable electrolyte for SOFCs which has been required for the commercialization of SOFC technology after emphasizing the literature from the prior studies. In particular, the significant developments in the field of solid oxide electrolytes for SOFCs, particularly zirconia- and ceria-based electrolytes, have been highlighted as important advancements toward the production of sustainable and clean energy.

FnCas9 Editor Linked Uniform Detection Assay for COVID-19.

The recent COVID-19 outbreak and pandemic of 2020 and its surveillance were implemented by quickly adapting the existing diagnostic methods to detect the SARS-CoV-2 RNA. While traditional methods for detecting pathogenic DNA and RNA have relied heavily on gold standard quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and sequencing-based methods, their shortcomings under resource-limited settings have emphasized the need of developing point-of-care (POC) diagnostics. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based detection systems provide a rapid and accurate alternative.

Expanding chemical space by para-C-H arylation of arenes.

Biaryl scaffolds are privileged templates used in the discovery and design of therapeutics with high affinity and specificity for a broad range of protein targets. Biaryls are found in the structures of therapeutics, including antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neurological and antihypertensive drugs. However, existing synthetic routes to biphenyls rely on traditional coupling approaches that require both arenes to be prefunctionalized with halides or pseudohalides with the desired regiochemistry.

Regulating Spatial Localization and Reactivity Biasness of DNAzymes by Metal Ions and Oligonucleotides.

Chemical gradient sensing behavior of catalytically active colloids and enzymes is an area of immense interest owing to their importance in understanding fundamental spatiotemporal complexity patterns in living systems and designing dynamic materials. Herein, we have shown the peroxidase activity of DNAzyme (G-quadruplex-hemin complex tagged in a micron-sized glass bead) can be modulated by metal ions and metal ion-binding oligonucleotides. Next we demonstrated both experimentally and theoretically, that the localization and product formation ability of the DNAzyme-containing particle remains biased to the more catalytically active zone where the concentration of metal ion (Hg ) inhibitor is low.

Salt Enrichment and Dynamics in the Interface of Supercooled Aqueous Droplets.

The interconversion reaction of NaCl between the contact-ion pair (CIP) and the solvent-separated ion pair (SSIP) as well as the free-ion state in cold droplets has not yet been investigated. We report direct computational evidence that the lower is the temperature, the closer to the surface the ion interconversion reaction takes place. In supercooled droplets the enrichment of the subsurface in salt becomes more evident.

RNABPDB: Molecular Modeling of RNA Structure-From Base Pair Analysis in Crystals to Structure Prediction.

The stable three-dimensional structure of RNA is known to play several important biochemical roles, from post-transcriptional gene regulation to enzymatic action. These structures contain double-helical regions, which often have different types of non-canonical base pairs in addition to Watson-Crick base pairs. Hence, it is important to study their structures from experimentally obtained or even predicted ones, to understand their role, or to develop a drug against the potential targets.

Evaluation of Microbial Leakage at Implant Abutment Interfact for Different Implant Systems: An In Vitro Study.

Two-stage implant systems result in gaps and cavities between implant and abutment that can act as a trap for bacteria and thus possibly cause inflammatory reactions in the peri-implant soft tissues. These gaps between the components are inevitable, and their clinical significance has so far been mostly neglected by both manufacturers and clinicians. This study is thus intended to evaluate microbial leakage at implant abutment interface in different implant systems.

Plant Extracts as Add-On Therapeutics in Homeopathy: An Open-Label, Randomized Trial Using Mother Tinctures in Prediabetes.

Prediabetes is a major public health concern. Different plant extracts are used in homeopathy as mother tinctures (MTs) for the treatment of prediabetes as an adjunct to individualized homeopathic medicines (IHMs); however, their effectiveness remains under-researched. Open-label, randomized (1:1), active-controlled, pragmatic, exploratory trial.

An Experimental Adult Zebrafish Model for Pathogenesis, Transmission, and Vaccine Efficacy Studies.

Shigellosis has been a menace to society for ages. The absence of an effective vaccine against , improper sanitation, and unhygienic use of food and water allow the disease to flourish. can also be transmitted via natural water bodies.

Immunoinformatic paradigm predicts macrophage and T-cells epitope responses against globally conserved spike fragments of SARS CoV-2 for universal vaccination.

Background: Different quickly-developed vaccines are introduced against COVID-19 with inconclusive results especially against some recent variants. Eventually, somewhere COVID-19 cases decline and in some countries it revived with some new mutant-variants (i.e.

Analysis of the epidemiological variables associated with a high prevalence of bovine surra in the Chhattisgarh state of India.

Trypanosoma evansi, a unicellular haemoflagellate, causes surra in bovines and other economically important livestock species. We report here the epidemiological variables associated with the high prevalence of T. evansi infection in cattle in the plain agro-climatic zone of Chhattisgarh state, India.

Polyether ether ketone - As an alternative biomaterial for Metal Richmond crown-3-dimensional finite element analysis.

Aim: This study was aimed to analyze the stress generation and distribution for "polyether ether ketone (PEEK)" and metal cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) at different locations of the tooth using finite element analysis (FEA), when they are casted-off as "Richmond crowns."

Materials And Methods: The model of the tooth was designed using "computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing" followed by generating the "Mesh" of the tooth to analyze the stress caused by applying vertical and oblique loads of 100N and 40N, respectively, in cubical nodes for both PEEK and metal endodontic post-based Richmond crown. The "3-dimensional von Mises criteria" was used to compare stresses of both elements using FEA.

Magnetoresistive effect in a quantum heterostructure with helical spacer: interplay between helicity and external electric field.

Giant magnetoresistive effect in a multi-layered structure not only depends on the properties of magnetic systems, it also strongly depends on the type of non-magnetic spacer that is clamped between magnetic layers. In this work, we critically investigate the role of a helical spacer in presence of a transverse electric field. Two kinds of helical geometries, possessing short-range (SRH) and long-range hopping (LRH) of electrons, are taken into account mimicking single-stranded DNA and protein molecules respectively.

A review on challenges and issues with carboxymethylation of natural gums: The widely used excipients for conventional and novel dosage forms.

Diverse properties of natural gums have made them quite useful for various pharmaceutical applications. However, they suffer from various problems, including unregulated hydration rates, microbial degradation, and decline in viscosity during warehousing. Among various chemical procedures for modification of gums, carboxymethylation has been widely studied due to its simplicity and efficiency.

Spin-dependent transport in a driven non-collinear antiferromagnetic fractal network.

Non-collinear magnetic texture breaks the spin-sublattice symmetry which gives rise to a spin-splitting effect. Inspired by this, we study the spin-dependent transport properties in a non-collinear antiferromagnetic fractal structure, namely, the Sierpinski Gasket (SPG) triangle. We find that though the spin-up and spin-down currents are different, the degree of spin polarization is too weak.

Serotonergic drugs modulate the phase behavior of complex lipid bilayers.

Serotonin is an endogenous neurotransmitter involved in both physiological and pathophysiological processes. Traditionally, serotonin acts as a ligand for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) leading to subsequent cell signaling. However, serotonin can also bind to lipid membranes with high affinity and modulate the phase behavior in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)/N-palmitoyl-D-erythro-sphingosylphosphorylcholine (PSM)/cholesterol model membranes mimicking the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane.

Repaglinide-laden hydrogel particles of xanthan gum derivatives for the management of diabetes.

Herein, the repaglinide-loaded hydrogel particles of carboxyethyl xanthan gum (CEXG) and carboxymethyl xanthan gum (CMXG) were fabricated, and controlled drug delivery performance was assessed. The XG derivatives were characterized by FTIR analyses, degree of substitution, and cytotoxicity assay. CEXG: CMXG (1:2) hydrogel particles had maximum drug entrapment efficiency of 92%.

Effects of theaflavin-gallate binding with different proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and host inflammation and vasoregulations referring an experimental rat-lung injury.

SARS-CoV-2 claimed 5,209,104 lives, infected 260,997,910 individuals, globally. Infection is caused due to exposure or susceptibility; deaths occur due to age,comorbidity,higher-viral-load, immuno-suppression, inflammation, and multi-organ failure. Theaflavin-gallate, the major black tea component, showed previous evidence to inhibit HIV-1.

Enhanced current rectification in graphene nanoribbons: effects of geometries and orientations of nanopores.

We discuss the possibility of getting rectification operation in graphene nanoribbon (GNR). For a system to be a rectifier, it must be physically asymmetric and we induce the asymmetry in GNR by introducing nanopores. The rectification properties are discussed for differently structured nanopores.

Unravelling the Biology of EhActo as the First Cofilin From .

Actin-depolymerising factors (ADF) are a known family of proteins that regulate actin dynamics. Actin regulation is critical for primitive eukaryotes since it drives their key cellular processes. , a protist human pathogen harbours eleven proteins within this family, however, with no actin depolymerising protein reported to date.

Performance behaviour of agro-waste based gypsum hollow blocks for partition walls.

Crop residue management is a massive problem in the agriculture sector. Agricultural waste in the form of stubble which is usually burnt in the farm fields, causes severe air pollution and poses a threat to the environment. The present study investigates the addition of agro-waste (rice straw) in gypsum hollow-core blocks for partition walls.