Oxidative Stress as a Molecular Mechanism of Exposure to Organophosphorus Pesticides: A Review.

Exposure to organophosphorus pesticides is an important public health issue due to a large number of occupationally exposed populations, as well as their effects mainly at the level of the nervous, reproductive, and immune systems. It has been reported that one of the molecular mechanisms by which adverse effects of exposure to organophosphorus pesticides can be explained is oxidative stress, which leads to alterations at the cellular level that, if chronic, could affect the functionality of different organs and tissues. These data constitute the basis of the relevant literature on its toxicity.

Cellular Complexity of Hemochorial Placenta: Stem Cell Populations, Insights from scRNA-seq, and SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility.

Purpose Of Review: The placenta is a transient organ that forms de novo and serves a critical role in supporting fetal growth and development. Placental oxygen, nutrients, and waste are transported through processes that depend on vascular structure and cell type-specific expression and localization of membrane transporters. Understanding how the placenta develops holds great significance for maternal-fetal medicine.

Vaginal Lactobacillus species and inflammatory biomarkers in pregnancy.

Background: The aim of this study was to identify vaginal Lactobacillus spp. and quantify vaginal inflammatory cytokines in primigravida vs. multigravida women and pregnant vs.

Nanoparticle mediated increased insulin-like growth factor 1 expression enhances human placenta syncytium function.

Introduction: Placental dysfunction is an underlying cause of many major obstetric diseases and treatment options for complications like fetal growth restriction (FGR) are limited .We previously demonstrated nanoparticle delivery of the human insulin-like growth factor 1 (hIGF1) transgene under control of the trophoblast-specific PLAC1 promoter maintains normal fetal growth in a surgically-induced FGR mouse model. However, uptake by human placental syncytiotrophoblast has yet to be determined.

Optical tissue clearing in combination with perfusion and immunofluorescence for placental vascular imaging.

Imaging of placental tissues is a difficult task, because of specific for this organ complex multicellular and 3D tissue structure. The tissue clearing systems (X-CLARITY) system is a valuable tool for the examining the expression of molecular pathways in whole tissues and organs, originally developed for brain imaging.In the present report, we utilized this technology for the examination of placental vasculature and protein expression in perfused human placental tissue.

A first case of hepatocellular carcinoma in the baboon (Papio spp.) placenta.

We present a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the placenta of healthy baboon (Papio spp.). Grossly, the fetal, maternal, and placental tissues were unremarkable.

Effect of maternal high-fat diet on key components of the placental and hepatic endocannabinoid system.

Maternal obesity in pregnancy has been linked to a spectrum of adverse developmental changes. Involvement of eCBs in obesity is well characterized. However, information regarding eCB physiology in obesity associated with pregnancy is sparse.

Coccidioidomycosis in pregnancy: Case report and literature review of associated placental lesions.

Background: Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal infection found most commonly in the Southwestern United States, Northwestern Mexico, and parts of Central and South America. Although infection is relatively uncommon during pregnancy, it is imperative to have an index of suspicion in order to diagnose and begin timely treatment to prevent dissemination and dire consequences.

Case Report: A 33-year-old Hispanic female was evaluated after she was involved in an automobile accident.

Serum Vitamin D Concentrations in Baboons (Papio spp.) during Pregnancy and Obesity.

Obesity is associated with vitamin D deficiency, which can lead to serious problems during pregnancy. However, the mechanisms of the deficiency and guidelines for vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy are not established yet, and variations in environmental exposures combined with the difficulties of performing research in pregnant women are obstacles in the evaluation of vitamin D metabolism. Baboons (Papio spp.

Role of zebrafish thrombocyte and non-thrombocyte microparticles in hemostasis.

Hemostasis is a defense mechanism that protects an organism from bleeding in the event of injury. We have previously demonstrated the utility of the zebrafish as a model to study human hemostasis. However, there are no studies on the role of microparticles in hemostasis in early vertebrates.

Laser-induced thrombosis in zebrafish.

In the event of injury to the vasculature in vertebrate organisms bleeding is stopped by a defense mechanism called hemostasis. Even though biochemical studies characterized a number of factors, classical genetic methods have not been applied to study hemostasis. We introduced zebrafish as an animal model to study genetics of hemostasis.

Zebrafish von Willebrand factor.

von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a large protein involved in primary hemostasis. A dysfunction in this protein or an insufficient production of the protein leads to improper platelet adhesion/aggregation, resulting in a bleeding phenotype known as von Willebrand disease (vWD). To gain a better understanding of vWF interactions in vivo, the use of zebrafish as a model is ideal because of the transparency of the embryos and larvae.

Evolution of primary hemostasis in early vertebrates.

Hemostasis is a defense mechanism which protects the organism in the event of injury to stop bleeding. Recently, we established that all the known major mammalian hemostatic factors are conserved in early vertebrates. However, since their highly vascularized gills experience high blood pressure and are exposed to the environment, even very small injuries could be fatal to fish.

Isomers of C20: an energy profile III.

Semiempirical calculations, at the PM3 level provided within the Winmopac v2.0 software package, are used to geometrically optimize and determine the absolute energies (heats of formation) of a variety of C(20) isomers that are predicted to exist in and around the ring and cage isomers. Using the optimized Cartesian coordinates for the ring and the cage isomers, a saddle-point calculation was performed.