Pneumocephalus secondary to epidural analgesia: a case report.

Introduction: Epidural anesthesia is commonly used for analgesia during labor, and headache is a common complaint following this procedure. Pneumocephalus, on the other hand, is a rare and potentially serious complication of epidural anesthesia, which is most often caused by accidental puncture of the dura with the introduction of air into intrathecal space.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 19-year-old Hispanic female who developed a severe frontal headache and neck pain eight hours following epidural catheter placement to deliver analgesia during labor.

Blood pressure-lowering and cardiovascular effects of plumbagin in rats: An insight into the underlying mechanisms.

Background: Plumbagin, a natural phenolic compound is investigated for response against blood pressure and vascular reactivity.

Methodology: Blood pressure lowering effects were observed by invasive evaluation in normotensive rats, and experimentation to measure changes of tension in isolated rat aorta and contractility in atria.

Results: The percentage decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) observed with plumbagin intravenously at doses of 0.