EANO guideline on molecular testing of meningiomas for targeted therapy selection.

Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors of adults. For meningiomas that progress or recur despite surgical resection and radiotherapy, additional treatment options are limited due to lack of proven efficacy. Meningiomas show recurring molecular aberrations, which may serve as predictive markers for systemic pharmacotherapies with targeted drugs or immunotherapy, radiotherapy or radioligand therapy.

Use of a nasal obturator of computer-aided design in managing hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

This clinical report describes the nonsurgical treatment of a patient suffering from severe epistaxis associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Unlike the permanent surgical closure of the nostrils, known as the Young procedure, this treatment option provides interim relief from nasal obstruction. It includes the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and computer-aided design (CAD) to create a patient-specific silicone nasal obturator without the need for an impression of the nasal cavity, thereby preventing irritation to the delicate nasal mucosa that could instigate epistaxis.

Topical Antibiotic-Induced Otomycosis - a Systematic Review of Aetiology and Risk Factors.

Otomycosis is a chronic or subacute fungal infection of external ear accounting to 5 to 20% of external ear infection worldwide. Literature has suggested multiple local and environmental host factors associated with otomycosis, but their strength of association is not well established. We did this review to analyse otomycosis with respect to it's various common predisposing factors.

Translating the theranostic concept to neuro-oncology: disrupting barriers.

Theranostics integrate molecular imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy for personalised cancer therapy. Theranostic treatments have shown meaningful efficacy in randomised clinical trials and are approved for clinical use in prostate cancer and neuroendocrine tumours. Brain tumours represent an unmet clinical need and theranostics might offer effective treatment options, although specific issues need to be considered for clinical development.

Misconducts in research and methods to uphold research integrity.

Research misconduct refers to deliberate or accidental manipulation or misrepresentation of research data, findings, or processes. It can take many forms, such as fabricating data, plagiarism, or failing to disclose conflicts of interest. Data falsification is a serious problem in the field of medical research, as it can lead to the promotion of false or misleading information.

Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Measurements in Cochlear Implantation and its Application in the Postoperative Fitting Process.

Measuring the electrically evoked stapedius reflex during the fitting of cochlear implants (CIs) provides a reliable estimation of maximum comfort levels, resulting in the programming of the CI with high hearing comfort and good speech understanding. Detection of the stapedius reflex and the required stimulation level on each implant channel is already being performed during surgery, whereby intraoperative stapedius reflexes are observed through the surgical microscope. Intraoperative stapedius reflex detection is both an indicator that the auditory nerve is responding to electrical stimulation up to the brainstem and a test for the ability to perform postoperative stapedius reflex measurements.

bioprospecting from ore-forming environments.

Natural products from have served as inspiration for many clinically relevant therapeutics. Despite early triumphs in natural product discovery, the rate of unearthing new compounds has decreased, necessitating inventive approaches. One promising strategy is to explore environments where survival is challenging.

Radioligand therapies in meningioma: Evidence and future directions.

Meningiomas are the most common intracranial neoplasms in adults. While most meningiomas are cured by resection, further treatment by radiotherapy may be needed, particularly in WHO grades 2 and 3 tumors which have an increased risk of recurrence, even after conventional therapies. Still, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies after the exhaustion of local treatment approaches.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 29 Studies Predicting Diagnostic Accuracy of CT, MRI, PET, and USG in Detecting Extracapsular Spread in Head and Neck Cancers.

Background: Extracapsular spread (ECS) is the extension of cancer cells beyond the lymph node capsule and is a significant prognostic factor in head and neck cancers. This meta-analysis compared the diagnostic accuracy of CT, MRI, PET, and USG in detecting ECS in head and neck cancers.

Methodology: The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that compared the diagnostic accuracy of CT, MRI, PET, and USG in detecting ECS in head and neck cancers.

Oral Cavity Cancers: Ethnic Differences in Radiotherapy Outcomes in a Majority South Asian Leicester Community.

Aims: Squamous cell carcinoma oral cavity cancers (SCCOCCs) have a higher reported incidence in South Asian countries. We sought to compare presenting stage and outcome by ethnicity in patients with SCCOCC treated with radical radiotherapy in a single centre in the UK.

Materials And Methods: All patients with SCCOCC treated with radical radiotherapy at an oncology department in Leicester (UK) between 2011 and 2017 were identified.

Proximal Redundant Fibula Bone Template for Flap Osteotomies in Mandibular Reconstruction: A Novel Technique.

Background: Free fibula flap has been the workhouse of reconstruction for segmental mandibular defects. The use of computer aided design helps in achieving the desired aesthetic and functional outcome. It has its advantages but it comes with an extensive financial burden.

When should patients with T1N0 oral squamous cell carcinoma be considered for elective neck dissection?

Aims: To identify adverse pathological features (APF) predicting nodal failure in clinically node negative T1 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methodology: This study evaluated patients with T1N0 (≤5 mm depth of invasion (DOI) and ≤2 cm diameter) oral cancers from a prospectively maintained database between 1988 and 2020. All patients underwent surgical excision of the primary lesion without neck dissection.

Missing Genomic Resources for the Next Generation of Environmental Risk Assessment.

Environmental risk assessment traditionally relies on a wide range of in vivo testing to assess the potential hazards of chemicals in the environment. These tests are often time-consuming and costly and can cause test organisms' suffering. Recent developments of reliable low-cost alternatives, both in vivo- and in silico-based, opened the door to reconsider current toxicity assessment.

PET-based response assessment criteria for diffuse gliomas (PET RANO 1.0): a report of the RANO group.

Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) response criteria have been established and were updated in 2023 for MRI-based response evaluation of diffuse gliomas in clinical trials. In addition, PET-based imaging with amino acid tracers is increasingly considered for disease monitoring in both clinical practice and clinical trials. So far, a standardised framework defining timepoints for baseline and follow-up investigations and response evaluation criteria for PET imaging of diffuse gliomas has not been established.

Predictive Factors for Subjective Vertigo Following Cochlear Implantation: A Regional Multicenter Cohort Study of 395 Patients.

Introduction: Cochlear implantation (CI) is generally accepted as having a low rate of postoperative complications, but between 9.3% and 13% of cases experience vertigo postoperatively. This study aimed to examine patient, surgical, and device factors contributing toward the risk of postoperative vertigo.

A Comparison of Skin Graft Techniques with and without Plaster Back Slab Dressing in Reducing Donor Site Morbidity in Radial Forearm Free Flap Surgery - A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) is a commonly used free flap for the reconstruction of orofacial defects because of its versatility and reliability. The donor site is closed with either split or full-thickness skin graft, and one of the common donor site morbidities is skin graft failure. Various techniques to minimise skin graft failure were reported, and we compared the skin graft techniques with and without plaster back slab dressing in the radial forearm donor site.

The complexity of micro- and nanoplastic research in the genus Daphnia - A systematic review of study variability and a meta-analysis of immobilization rates.

In recent years, the number of publications on nano- and microplastic particles (NMPs) effects on freshwater organisms has increased rapidly. Freshwater crustaceans of the genus Daphnia are widely used in ecotoxicological research as model organisms for assessing the impact of NMPs. However, the diversity of experimental designs in these studies makes conclusions about the general impact of NMPs on Daphnia challenging.

Prognostic Impact of Poor Differentiation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Treatment Naïve Node-Negative Early Oral Cancers.

We have conducted this study to understand the impact of poor differentiation (PD), as a sole poor prognostic factor, in early oral cancers. This was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of clinically node-negative early T stage OSCC patients operated between 2012 and 2014. Impact of PD on the survival and role of adjuvant therapy in these patients was noted.

Timely course of SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccinations in patients with hemato-oncological diseases: analysis of a real-life cohort.

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has particularly impacted patients with hemato-oncological malignancies, as they showed not only a higher propensity for severe courses but also weaker immune responses after vaccination. Still, data on the influence of pandemic waves and vaccinations on outcomes are rare. This study aimed to analyze the timely course of infections and vaccinations in a real-life cohort of patients with hemato-oncological diseases.