3D printed model for flexible ureteroscopy training, a low-cost option for surgical training.

Introduction: Training in experimental models is a valid option that improves the outcomes and shortens surgical learning curves. Our objective was to develop a 3D printed plastic model for teaching, training and education in flexible ureteroscopy, analyzing costs and suitability for the practice of this surgical technique.

Methods: A 3D printed model was developed based on a CT scan from a real-life patient's upper urinary tract.

Evaluation of teleconsultation system in the urological patient during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The global pandemic of COVID-19 has led to rapid implementation of telemedicine, but there is little information on patient satisfaction of this system as an alternative to face-to-face care.

Objective: To evaluate urological patient satisfaction with teleconsultation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Material And Methods: Observational, prospective, cross-sectional, non-interventional study carried out by telephone survey during the period considered as the peak of the pandemic (March-April 2020).

Prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy: its advantages and our technique for puncture.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is considered the treatment of choice for large urinary calculi and staghorn lithiasis. The approach for this surgery may be either supine or prone, and different access techniques are described in the literature with the use of ultrasound, fluoroscopy, or both combined. We believe that prone PCNL offers to the urologist key advantages, such as the possibility of puncturing anatomically abnormal urinary tracts, to perform multiple percutaneous tracts in the same kidney, experiencing the vacuum cleaner effect, ease of exploring the upper calyx through the inferior calyx, possibility to perform endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) and bilateral simultaneous surgery, and to performed over local anesthesia.

Small-calibre percutaneous nephrolithotomy (SC-PCNL). Therapeutic decision algorithm.

Introduction: The progressive reduction in the calibre of the tract in percutaneous kidney surgery to the point of miniaturisation has expanded its use to smaller stones that until now have been treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).

Objective: To provide an update on the various techniques of small-calibre nephrolithotomy (SC-PCNL) analyse their efficacy, safety and indications and determine their degree of implantation at this time.

Material And Methods: We performed a review in PubMed of Spanish and English medical literature on the various techniques of SC-PCNL.

Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty: Always Dismembered?

Objective: To compare three laparoscopic surgical techniques for the treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), assessing their difficulty, operating time, effectiveness, and complications.

Materials And Methods: The clinical histories of 54 patients with UPJO who underwent a laparoscopic procedure between June 2003 and September 2013 were reviewed. Anderson-Hynes (A-H) pyeloplasty was performed on 34 patients, nondismembered pyeloplasty on 11 cases (8 Y-V Foley plasty and 3 Fenger plasty), and cephalad vascular displacement or Hellström technique (HT) on 9 patients.

Outcomes of transurethral resection (TUR) of intravesical mesh after suburethral slings in the treatment of urinary stress incontinence.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy as well as the complications associated with transurethral removal (TUR) of intravesical mesh after suburethral sling, transobturator tape-TOT (Monarc™) or "minisling" (MiniArc(®)), in the treatment of female urinary stress incontinence (USI).

Material And Methods: retrospective and consecutive study on 9 women with bladder perforation after midurethral slings (3 Monarc™ and 6 MiniArc®) placement for urinary stress incontinence. To remove the mesh, transurethral resection with an electrode loop (TUR-E) was used.