Water quality influences Legionella pneumophila determination.

Legionellosis is a respiratory disease of public health concern. The bacterium Legionella pneumophila is the etiologic agent responsible for >90% of legionellosis cases in the United States. Legionellosis transmission primarily occurs through the inhalation or aspiration of contaminated water aerosols or droplets.

Effectiveness of point-of-use and pitcher filters at removing lead phosphate nanoparticles from drinking water.

Orthophosphate (PO) addition is a common corrosion control treatment used to lower lead (Pb) concentrations at the consumer's tap by forming relatively insoluble Pb-phosphate (Pb-PO) minerals. However, some Pb-PO particles that can form in drinking water are mobile nanoparticles (i.e.

The removal of ammonia, arsenic, iron and manganese by biological treatment from a small Iowa drinking water system.

Although not regulated in United States drinking water, ammonia has the potential to increase chlorine consumption and cause nitrification problems in the distribution system. Many groundwaters with elevated ammonia are also contaminated with other inorganic analytes such as arsenic, iron, and manganese, all of which have primary or secondary maximum contaminant levels (MCLs). The objective of this work was to demonstrate the effectiveness of an innovative biological treatment process to simultaneously remove ammonia (2.

Lead Particle Size Fractionation and Identification in Newark, New Jersey's Drinking Water.

Following a pH reduction in their drinking water over a span of more than 20 years, the City of Newark, New Jersey, has struggled with elevated lead (Pb) release from Pb service lines and domestic plumbing in the zone fed by the Pequannock Water Treatment Plant. In response, Newark initiated orthophosphate addition and provided faucet-mounted point-of-use (POU) filters and pitcher filters certified for Pb and particulate reduction under NSF/ANSI Standards 53 and 42 to residential homes in that zone. Water chemistry analysis and size fractionation sampling were performed at four of these houses.

Synthesis and characterization of stable lead (II) orthophosphate nanoparticle suspensions.

There is great interest in producing nanoparticles for various applications. The objective of this work was to develop a procedure for reproducibly creating stable lead (Pb) phosphate nanoparticle aqueous suspensions. A stable 5 mg/L Pb-phosphate nanoparticle "stock" suspension was synthesized via chemical precipitation of Pb and orthophosphate in water at pH 7.

Absorption of strontium by foods prepared in drinking water.

Strontium (Sr) is a natural element, ubiquitous in the environment and known to occur in water, food, air, and soils. Strontium is present in media as a salt or an ionized divalent cation. The Sr ion (dissociated) is toxicokinetically important because it is easily absorbed into systemic circulation when inhaled with particulates or ingested with water or foods.

Systematic evaluation of dissolved lead sorption losses to particulate syringe filter materials.

Distinguishing between soluble and particulate lead in drinking water is useful in understanding the mechanism of lead release and identifying remedial action. Typically, particulate lead is defined as the amount of lead removed by a 0.45-μm filter.