The protein ingredient quality of infant formula influences colonic physiology and microbiota and the serum metabolomic profile in neonatal mini-piglets.

Despite the WHO recommendations in favor of breastfeeding, most infants receive infant formulas (IFs), which are complex matrices involving numerous ingredients and processing steps. Our aim was to understand the impact of the quality of the protein ingredient in IFs on gut microbiota and physiology, blood metabolites and brain gene expression. Three IFs were produced using whey proteins (WPs) from cheese whey (IF-A) or ideal whey (IFs-C and -D) and caseins, either in a micellar form (IFs-A and -C) or partly in a non-micellar form (IF-D).

Clinical Actionability of the NUDT15 *4 (p.R139H) Allele and Its Association With Hispanic Ethnicity.

Nudix hydrolase 15 (NUDT15) deficiency is strongly associated with thiopurine-induced myelosuppression. Currently, testing for NUDT15 deficiency is based on the genotyping of the most frequent and clinically characterized no-function variants, that is, *2, *3 and *9. The Hispanic/Latino-predominant variant NUDT15 *4 (p.

Comprehensive protocol for preparing diatom cell samples and associated bacterial consortia for scanning electron microscopy.

Meticulous sample preparation and strict adherence to preservation procedures are essential for electron microscopy investigations, which enable accurate capture of organisms' morphology, size, and potential interactions within the sample. Here, we present a protocol for preserving cells of the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and its native bacterial community. We describe steps for diatom fixation and coverslip preparation and washing.

Interaction between a Lactococcus lactis autochthonous starter and a raw goat milk microbial community during long-term backslopping.

Traditional cheesemaking processes often involve backslopping practice. However, over successive inoculations, acidification deficiencies may arise. In such cases, adding a starter is recommended to restore the ecosystem stability.

Dosimetry at cellular level for the alpha-emitting radionuclides actinium-225, astatine-211 and radium-223 for bone metastasis cells from castration resistant prostate cancer.

The aim of this work is to evaluate energy deposition in the nucleus and cytoplasm in targeted alpha therapy of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer by modeling two cell lines, PC3 (osteolytic) and LNCaP C4-2 (osteoblastic), for actinium-225, astatine-211, and radium-223 and their progeny, using Monte Carlo simulations with the GATE/Geant4 code.We developed single cell and cell clusters models to Monte Carlo simulations, performed on the GATE platform version 9.3, with the GEANT4-DNA physics list emstandard_opt3_mixed_dna for At-211, Ac-225 and Ra-223 progenies.

Multicenter Study on Tumor Budding in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Comparison Between Biopsy and Resection With Interobserver Variability Assessment.

Grading lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is controversial and not universally accepted. The histomorphologic feature of tumor budding (TB) is an established independent prognostic factor in colorectal cancer, and its importance is growing in other solid cancers, making it a candidate for inclusion in tumor grading schemes. We aimed to compare TB between preoperative biopsies and resection specimens in pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma and assess interobserver variability.

PatchSorter: a high throughput deep learning digital pathology tool for object labeling.

The discovery of patterns associated with diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy response in digital pathology images often requires intractable labeling of large quantities of histological objects. Here we release an open-source labeling tool, PatchSorter, which integrates deep learning with an intuitive web interface. Using >100,000 objects, we demonstrate a >7x improvement in labels per second over unaided labeling, with minimal impact on labeling accuracy, thus enabling high-throughput labeling of large datasets.

Deciphering the metabolism of subsp. during soy juice fermentation using phenotypic and transcriptional analysis.

Unlabelled: In the context of sustainable diet, the development of soy-based yogurt fermented with lactic acid bacteria is an attractive alternative to dairy yogurts. To decipher the metabolism of subsp. during soy juice (SJ) fermentation, the whole genome of the strain CIRM-BIA865 (865) was sequenced and annotated.

Additive effects of TPMT and NUDT15 on thiopurine toxicity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia across multiethnic populations.

Background: Thiopurines such as mercaptopurine (MP) are widely used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Thiopurine-S-methyltransferase (TPMT) and Nudix hydrolase 15 (NUDT15) inactivate thiopurines, and no-function variants are associated with drug-induced myelosuppression. Dose adjustment of MP is strongly recommended in patients with intermediate or complete loss of activity of TPMT and NUDT15.

Dietary Potassium Supplementation Reduces Chronic Kidney Lesions Independent of Blood Pressure in Deoxycorticosterone-Acetate and High Sodium Chloride-Treated Mice.

We have previously shown that an excess of deoxycorticosterone acetate and high sodium chloride intake (DOCA/salt) in one-renin gene mice induces a high urinary Na/K ratio, hypokalemia, and cardiac and renal hypertrophy in the absence of hypertension. Dietary potassium supplementation prevents DOCA/salt-induced pathological processes. In the present study, we further study whether DOCA/salt-treated mice progressively develop chronic inflammation and fibrosis in the kidney and whether dietary potassium supplementation can reduce the DOCA/salt-induced renal pathological process.

CIRM-BIA 129 mitigates colitis through S layer protein B-dependent epithelial strengthening.

The growing incidence of human diseases involving inflammation and increased gut permeability makes the quest for protective functional foods more crucial than ever. () is a beneficial bacterium used in the dairy and probiotic industries. Selected strains exert anti-inflammatory effects, and the present work addresses whether the CIRM-BIA129, consumed daily in a preventive way, could protect mice from acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and more precisely, whether it could protect from intestinal epithelial breakdown induced by inflammation.

Pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma and lymphoepithelial carcinoma - morphology, molecular characteristics and differential diagnosis.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) comprises one of the major groups of non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung, and is subtyped into keratinising, non-keratinising and basaloid SCC. SCC can readily be diagnosed using histomorphology alone in keratinising SCC. Confirmatory immunohistochemical analyses should always be applied in non-keratinising and basaloid tumours to exclude differential diagnoses, most prominently adenocarcinoma and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma, which may have important therapeutic consequences.

Kidney-Specific Membrane-Bound Serine Proteases CAP1/Prss8 and CAP3/St14 Affect ENaC Subunit Abundances but Not Its Activity.

The serine proteases CAP1/Prss8 and CAP3/St14 are identified as ENaC channel-activating proteases in vitro, highly suggesting that they are required for proteolytic activation of ENaC in vivo. The present study tested whether CAP3/St14 is relevant for renal proteolytic ENaC activation and affects ENaC-mediated Na absorption following Na deprivation conditions. CAP3/St14 knockout mice exhibit a significant decrease in CAP1/Prss8 protein expression with altered ENaC subunit and decreased pNCC protein abundances but overall maintain sodium balance.

Renal tubular SGK1 is required to achieve blood pressure surge and circadian rhythm.

Blood pressure (BP) follows a circadian pattern that rises during the active phase of the day (morning surge) and decreases during the inactive (night dipping) phase of the day. The morning surge coincides with increased circulating glucocorticoids and aldosterone, ligands for glucocorticoid receptors and mineralocorticoid receptors, respectively. Serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (), a clock-controlled and glucocorticoid receptor- and mineralocorticoid receptor-induced gene, plays a role in BP regulation in human and animal models.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography reveals a lower cortical perfusion and a decreased renal flow reserve in hypertensive patients.

Background: Microvascular structural alteration and dysfunction is a hallmark of arterial hypertension. So far, the visualization and the quantification of renal microcirculation in humans has been hampered by the lack of non-nephrotoxic and non-invasive radiologic techniques. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is an appealing method to investigate renal microcirculation and has not been investigated in this setting.

Electrochemical Properties of Silver Nanoparticles in Mesoporous Silica and Titania Films: Specific Behavior of Titania Composite.

Electrochemical behavior of silver nanoparticles in mesoporous oxides electrodes is investigated. Mesoporous SiO and TiO films deposited on FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) and containing Ag nanoparticles (NPs) are used as electrodes. The study of voltammetric curves (CVs) and the diffusion of Ag ions out of the films highlight the importance of the retention of Ag ions by the TiO films.

Functional diversity of Bisifusarium domesticum and the newly described Nectriaceae cheese-associated species.

Bisifusarium domesticum is among the main molds used during cheese-making for its "anticollanti" property that prevents the sticky smear defect of some cheeses. Previously, numerous cheese rinds were sampled to create a working collection and not only did we isolate B. domesticum but we observed a completely unexpected diversity of "Fusarium-like" fungi belonging to the Nectriaceae family.

The Effectiveness of Calcium Phosphates in the Treatment of Dentinal Hypersensitivity: A Systematic Review.

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) pain is a persistent clinical problem, which is a common condition known to affect patients' quality of life (QoL), but no treatment has ever been agreed upon. Calcium phosphates, available in different forms, have properties that allow sealing the dentinal tubules, which may relieve dentin hypersensitivity. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the ability of different formulations of calcium phosphate to reduce dentin hypersensitivity pain level in clinical studies.

Kinetics and wavelength dependence of thermal and excited-state population on lens effect induced in a Nd:YAG rod amplifier.

Using a wavefront sensor, we have measured the temporal evolution of the lens induced in a Nd:YAG rod amplifier under side pumping by laser diode bars centered around 808 nm in a quasi-continuous wave regime. The evolution of the induced lens is drastically different when measured with a probe pulse centered at 532 nm or 1064.5 nm.

High-throughput and automatic structural and developmental root phenotyping on Arabidopsis seedlings.

Background: High-throughput phenotyping is crucial for the genetic and molecular understanding of adaptive root system development. In recent years, imaging automata have been developed to acquire the root system architecture of many genotypes grown in Petri dishes to explore the Genetic x Environment (GxE) interaction. There is now an increasing interest in understanding the dynamics of the adaptive responses, such as the organ apparition or the growth rate.

Alcohol and cannabis consumption in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence, pattern of consumption and impact on the disease.

Objectives Of The Study: There is little guidance regarding the impact of alcohol and cannabis on the clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics and impact of alcohol and cannabis use on the clinical course of the disease.

Methods: We performed an analysis of prospectively collected data within the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study with yearly follow-ups and substance-specific questionnaires.

Hypoxia briefly increases diuresis but reduces plasma volume by fluid redistribution in women.

We have recently reported that hypobaric hypoxia (HH) reduces plasma volume (PV) in men by decreasing total circulating plasma protein (TCPP). Here, we investigated whether this applies to women and whether an inflammatory response and/or endothelial glycocalyx shedding could facilitate the TCCP reduction. We further investigated whether acute HH induces a short-lived diuretic response that was overlooked in our recent study, where only 24-h urine volumes were evaluated.

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Protein Shakes Are No Alternatives for Inulin Clearance and Meat to Assess Renal Functional Reserve in Humans.

Introduction: The measurement of renal functional reserve (RFR) can unmask glomerular hyperfiltration in residual nephrons, but its determination is time-consuming. In this study, we assessed whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a valuable alternative to the gold standard inulin clearance and whether L-arginine or protein shakes lead to similar changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as animal proteins in men and women.

Methods: Changes in GFR and renal microperfusion were studied in 25 healthy subjects (8 men, 17 women) by simultaneously performing inulin clearance and CEUS (perfusion index, PI) before and 1 and 2 h after different protein loads (L-arginine, protein shake or meat).