Automated Volumetric Software in Dementia: Help or Hindrance to the Neuroradiologist?

Background And Purpose: Brain atrophy occurs in the late stage of dementia, yet structural MRI is widely used in the work-up. Atrophy patterns can suggest a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) or frontotemporal dementia (FTD) but are difficult to assess visually. We hypothesized that the availability of a quantitative volumetric brain MRI report would increase neuroradiologists' accuracy in diagnosing AD, FTD, or healthy controls compared with visual assessment.

Evaluation of CisBio ELISA for Chromogranin A Measurement.

Background: Chromogranin A (CgA) is a nonspecific marker for the presence of neuroendocrine tumors and neuroendocrine differentiation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the CisBio CgA ELISA.

Methods: Precision, linearity, limit of blank, and recovery of the CisBio CgA ELISA were evaluated.

Patient-reported Quality of Life Following Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy and Conventionally Fractionated External Beam Radiotherapy Compared with Active Surveillance Among Men with Localized Prostate Cancer.

Background: Evidence supporting the efficacy of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for localized prostate cancer is accumulating, but comparative studies of patient-reported quality of life (QOL) following SBRT versus conventionally fractionated external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or active surveillance (AS) are limited.

Objective: To compare QOL of patients pursuing SBRT and EBRT versus AS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A population-based cohort of 680 men with newly diagnosed localized prostate cancer was prospectively enrolled from 2011 to 2013.

Myeloid -Deficient Murine Model Revealed Macrophage Activation and Metabolic Phenotype Are Fueled by GLUT1.

Macrophages (MΦs) are heterogeneous and metabolically flexible, with metabolism strongly affecting immune activation. A classic response to proinflammatory activation is increased flux through glycolysis with a downregulation of oxidative metabolism, whereas alternative activation is primarily oxidative, which begs the question of whether targeting glucose metabolism is a viable approach to control MΦ activation. We created a murine model of myeloid-specific glucose transporter GLUT1 () deletion.

Imaging glioma initiation in vivo through a polished and reinforced thin-skull cranial window.

Glioma is the one of the most lethal forms of human cancer. The most effective glioma therapy to date-surgery followed by radiation treatment-offers patients only modest benefits, as most patients do not survive more than five years following diagnosis due to glioma relapse (1,2). The discovery of cancer stem cells in human brain tumors holds promise for having an enormous impact on the development of novel therapeutic strategies for glioma (3).