Efficacy of GPE strain live attenuated vaccine and CP7_E2alf strain recombinant live vaccine (marker vaccine) against Japanese epidemic classical swine fever virus isolated in 2019 and DIVA discrimination ability of the marker vaccine.

Classical swine fever (CSF) re-emerged in Japan in 2018, with the epidemic virus identified as genotype 2.1, which is moderately virulent and more difficult to detect and control than the highly virulent strain. Domestic pigs were administered with GPE strain live attenuated vaccine (GPE vaccine) for outbreak management.

Pathogenicity of genotype 2.1 classical swine fever virus isolated from Japan in 2019 in pigs.

Classical swine fever (CSF) re-emerged in Japan in 2018 for the first time in 26 years. The disease has been known to be caused by a moderately pathogenic virus, rather than the highly pathogenic virus that had occurred in the past. However, the underlying pathophysiology remains unknown.

A case of testicular cancer with retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis of teratoma with somatic-type malignancy 18 years after initial treatment.

Introduction: In testicular cancer, late relapse of teratoma with somatic-type malignancy is rare and associated with a poor survival. A case of retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis of teratoma with somatic-type malignancy 18 years after initial treatment for testicular cancer is reported.

Case Presentation: A 46-year-old man had a 15-mm-sized mass in the para-aortic region 18 years after initial treatment for testicular cancer, without elevated serum alfa-fetoprotein or human chorionic gonadotropin levels.

The formation process of button ulcers in pigs experimentally infected with a subgenotype 2.1 isolate of classical swine fever virus.

We evaluated the role of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in the formation of button ulcers in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of pigs experimentally infected with a subgenotype 2.1 isolate of CSFV, which was isolated in Japan in 2019, revealed follicular necrosis in the submucosal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and herniation of crypts as factors that contribute to the development of button ulcers during CSFV infection.

Correction: Capacity for survival in global warming: Adaptation of mesophiles to the temperature upper limit.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Capacity for survival in global warming: Adaptation of mesophiles to the temperature upper limit.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recommends keeping the increase in temperature to less than a two-degree increase by the end of the century, but the direct impact of global warming on ecosystems including microbes has not been investigated. Here we performed thermal adaptation of two species and three strains of mesophilic microbes for improvement of the survival upper limit of temperature, and the improvement was evaluated by a newly developed method. To understand the limitation and variation of thermal adaptation, experiments with mutators and by multiple cultures were performed.

Fermented milk, Kefram-Kefir enhances glucose uptake into insulin-responsive muscle cells.

Diminution of insulin-responses in the target organ is the primary cause of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).It is thought to be correlated to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this article, we attempted to evaluate whether fermented milk, Kefram-Kefir known as an antioxidant, reduces the cellular ROS levels and can stimulate the glucose uptake in L6 skeletal muscle cells.

Effects of carprofen and meloxicam with or without butorphanol on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in dogs.

Sparing effects of carprofen and meloxicam with or without butorphanol on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane were determined in 6 dogs. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane in oxygen, and MAC was determined by use of a tail clamp method. The dogs were administered a subcutaneous injection of carprofen (4 mg/kg) or meloxicam (0.

Distribution of inflammatory cells in adventitia changed with advancing atherosclerosis of human coronary artery.

Aim: Since atherosclerosis was recognized as an inflammatory disease in 1990, the infiltration of macrophages and T lymphocytes has been reported to be predominant in human atherosclerotic lesions. Although adventitis accompanying atherosclerosis was also described in many reports, it is still unclear whether T lymphocytes or B lymphocytes are predominant in the adventitis. In this study, the authors immunohistochemically investigated the correlation between the transition of infiltrating inflammatory cells in the adventitia with atherosclerosis and the type of coronary atherosclerosis.