[A case of splenic injury after colonoscopy].

An 81-year-old woman lost consciousness and was taken to our hospital 3 days after colonoscopy was performed as a follow-up of endoscopic mucosal resection done 1 year ago for early sigmoid colon cancer detection. She had left hypochondrial pain. Based on abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) findings, she was diagnosed with abdominal bleeding due to injury to the lower splenic pole, and an urgent splenectomy was performed.

Biliary Cannulation in Patients with Roux-en-Y Gastrectomy: An Analysis of the Factors Associated with Successful Cannulation.

Objective We investigated the results of biliary cannulation using a short-type single-balloon enteroscope in patients with a native papilla who had previously undergone Roux-en-Y gastrectomy and analyzed the factors associated with successful cannulation. Methods The study subjects consisted of patients with a native papilla who had previously undergone Roux-en-Y gastrectomy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography using a short-type single-balloon enteroscope at our institution between September 2011 and July 2019. We carried out a retrospective investigation of the outcomes, including assessing the success rate of biliary cannulation, and analyzed the factors associated with successful cannulation.

Novel technique using pancreatic duct stent facilitates difficult biliary cannulation in patients with Roux-en-Y anatomy (with video).

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with surgically altered gastrointestinal anatomy has been reported to be useful. However, selective biliary cannulation through the papilla is difficult in cases with surgically altered gastrointestinal anatomy. Herein, we report a successful biliary cannulation using a pancreatic duct (PD) stent in patients with Roux-en-Y anatomy.

Does endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy using a Franseen needle really offer high diagnostic accuracy? A propensity-matched analysis.

 This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy and utility of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) performed using a Franseen needle on solid pancreatic lesions.  This study included 132 consecutive lesions sampled by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) using a 22-G conventional needle and 95 consecutive lesions evaluated by EUS-FNB using a 22-G Franseen needle to evaluate solid pancreatic lesions at our medical center between July 2013 and November 2018. We used propensity-matched analysis with adjustment for confounders.

Analysis of the factors involved in procedural failure: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography using a short-type single-balloon enteroscope for patients with surgically altered gastrointestinal anatomy.

Aim: To analyze factors involved in procedural failure and to discuss responses to procedural failure by using the outcomes of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) carried out using a short-type single-balloon enteroscope (short SBE) in patients with surgically altered gastrointestinal anatomy.

Methods: The study sample included patients who underwent ERCP-related procedures using a short SBE between September 2011 and September 2018 at our hospital. Outcomes, including procedural success rate, were studied retrospectively to analyze the factors involved in procedural failure.

Usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for lymphadenopathy.

Lymphadenopathy may be difficult to diagnose using imaging results alone. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) may help to diagnose and determine the appropriate management of lymphadenopathy. EUS-FNA has been used as a safe and less invasive method for obtaining pathologic specimens from extraluminal lesions using endoscopic ultrasound.

Endoscopic removal of laser-cut covered self-expandable metallic biliary stents: A report of six cases.

Covered self-expandable metallic stents (CSEMS) may provide palliative drainage for unresectable distal malignant biliary strictures. Laser-cut CSEMS allows easy positioning due to its characteristic of minimal stent shortening. Endoscopic stent removal is sometimes recommended for recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO).

Increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a novel marker for nutrition, inflammation and chemotherapy outcome in patients with locally advanced and metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common types of cancer, and its progression is strongly influenced by the presence of inflammation. Recently, there has been growing interest in the host inflammatory response, and increasing evidence has indicated that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a useful marker of systemic inflammation, may be an effective prognostic indicator in various types of malignant diseases. In the present study, 260 patients with ESCC were enrolled, including 110 who received chemoradiation therapy (CRT) involving irradiation and chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin, and 150 received chemotherapy using 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin (FP).

[A case of intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct preoperatively diagnosed using contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography].

A 71-year-old man was referred to our hospital and was diagnosed with jaundice and a liver function disorder. Although we suspected an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB)-derived caudate branches on the basis of contrast-enhanced CT, MRI, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, we could not clearly identify the tumor. Therefore, we examined the lesion using endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS).

[A case of adenosquamous carcinoma at the esophagogastric junction, initially diagnosed as collision carcinoma].

A 47-year-old man was found to have a type 2 tumor of the esophagogastric junction on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Biopsy specimens revealed squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The preoperative diagnosis was a collision carcinoma.

Concerns expressed by parents of children with pervasive developmental disorders for different time periods of the day: a case-control study.

Background/aim: The Questionnaire: Children with Difficulties (QCD) is a parent-assessed questionnaire designed to evaluate child's difficulties in functioning during specific periods of the day. This study aimed to evaluate difficulties in daily functioning of children and adolescents with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) using the QCD. Results were compared with those for a community sample.

Prosocial behaviors during school activities among child survivors after the 2011 earthquake and Tsunami in Japan: a retrospective observational study.

Background: The 2011 Japan massive tsunami traumatized many children. The aim of this study was to assess changes in strengths and difficulties experienced in home and school by among surviving children after the 2011 tsunami, in comparison with published normal Japanese data.

Methods: In November 2012 (20 months after the disaster) and September 2013 (30 months after the disaster), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), a questionnaire on children's strengths and difficulties in home and school activities, were distributed to 12,193 and 11,819 children, respectively.

Decrease in the traumatic symptoms observed in child survivors within three years of the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami.

Background: On March 11, 2011, Japan was struck by a massive earthquake and tsunami. The tsunami caused tremendous damage and traumatized several people, including children. The aim of this study was to assess changes in traumatic symptoms 8, 20, and 30 months of the 2011 tsunami.

Did parents and teachers struggle with child survivors 20 months after the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan? A retrospective observational study.

Background: On March 11, 2011, Japan was struck by the earthquake and tsunami. Twenty months after the disaster, we collected information on the difficulties faced by parents and teachers in dealing with the post-traumatic symptoms of child survivors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between post-traumatic symptoms in children and parents' and teachers' difficulties in dealing with children who survived the huge disaster.

Analysis of changes in traumatic symptoms and daily life activity of children affected by the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami over time.

Background: On March 11, 2011, Japan was struck by a massive earthquake and tsunami. The tsunami caused tremendous damage and traumatized a number of people, including children. This study aimed to compare traumatic symptoms and daily life activity among children 20 months after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami with those observed after 8 months.

Sleep duration among children 8 months after the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami.

Background: To elucidate relationships between disaster damage conditions and sleep duration among children who survived the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami.

Methods: The subjects comprised 12,524 children in kindergartens, elementary schools, and junior high schools in Ishinomaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms for Children 15 items (PTSSC-15), a self-completion questionnaire on traumatic symptoms, and a sleep questionnaire were distributed to them.

Relationships between traumatic symptoms and environmental damage conditions among children 8 months after the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami.

Background: To evaluate relationships between traumatic symptoms and environmental damage conditions among children who survived the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.

Methods: The subjects were 12,524 children in kindergartens, elementary schools, and junior high schools in Ishinomaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms for Children 15 items (PTSSC-15), a self-completion questionnaire on traumatic symptoms, was distributed to the children and a questionnaire regarding environmental damage conditions affecting the children was distributed to their teachers.

Expression of genes for sulfur oxidation in the intracellular chemoautotrophic symbiont of the deep-sea bivalve Calyptogena okutanii.

To understand sulfur oxidation in thioauto-trophic deep-sea clam symbionts, we analyzed the recently reported genomes of two chemoautotrophic symbionts of Calyptogena okutanii (Candidatus Vesicomyosocius okutanii strain HA: Vok) and C. magnifica (Candidatus Ruthia magnifica strain Cm: Rma), and examined the sulfur oxidation gene expressions in the Vok by RT-PCR. Both symbionts have genes for sulfide-quinone oxidoreductase (sqr), dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dsr), reversible dissimilatory sulfite reductase (rdsr), sulfur-oxidizing multienzyme system (sox)(soxXYZA and soxB but lacking soxCD), adenosine phosphosulfate reductase (apr), and ATP sulfurylase (sat).

Reduced genome of the thioautotrophic intracellular symbiont in a deep-sea clam, Calyptogena okutanii.

Although dense animal communities at hydrothermal vents and cold seeps rely on symbioses with chemoautotrophic bacteria [1, 2], knowledge of the mechanisms underlying these chemosynthetic symbioses is still fragmentary because of the difficulty in culturing the symbionts and the hosts in the laboratory. Deep-sea Calyptogena clams harbor thioautotrophic bacterial symbionts in their gill epithelial cells [1, 2]. They have vestigial digestive tracts and nutritionally depend on their symbionts [3], which are vertically transmitted via eggs [4].