Differential Amino Acid Uptake and Depletion in Mono-Cultures and Co-Cultures of and subsp. in a Novel Semi-Synthetic Medium.

The mechanistic understanding of the physiology and interactions of microorganisms in starter cultures is critical for the targeted improvement of fermented milk products, such as yogurt, which is produced by in co-culture with subsp. . However, the use of complex growth media or milk is a major challenge for quantifying metabolite production, consumption, and exchange in co-cultures.

Genome-Scale Metabolic Modeling Combined with Transcriptome Profiling Provides Mechanistic Understanding of Streptococcus thermophilus CH8 Metabolism.

Streptococcus thermophilus is a lactic acid bacterium adapted toward growth in milk and is a vital component of starter cultures for milk fermentation. Here, we combine genome-scale metabolic modeling and transcriptome profiling to obtain novel metabolic insights into this bacterium. Notably, a refined genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) accurately representing S.

Aortic Valve Stenosis Increases Helical Flow and Flow Complexity: A Study of Intra-Operative Cardiac Vector Flow Imaging.

Aortic valve stenosis alters blood flow in the ascending aorta. Using intra-operative vector flow imaging on the ascending aorta, secondary helical flow during peak systole and diastole, as well as flow complexity of primary flow during systole, were investigated in patients with normal, stenotic and replaced aortic valves. Peak systolic helical flow, diastolic helical flow and flow complexity during systole differed between the groups (p < 0.

Intra-Operative Vector Flow Imaging Using Ultrasound of the Ascending Aorta among 40 Patients with Normal, Stenotic and Replaced Aortic Valves.

Stenosis of the aortic valve gives rise to more complex blood flows with increased velocities. The angle-independent vector flow ultrasound technique transverse oscillation was employed intra-operatively on the ascending aorta of (I) 20 patients with a healthy aortic valve and 20 patients with aortic stenosis before (IIa) and after (IIb) valve replacement. The results indicate that aortic stenosis increased flow complexity (p < 0.

Transcriptome analysis of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis during milk acidification as affected by dissolved oxygen and the redox potential.

Performance of Lactococcus lactis as a starter culture in dairy fermentations depends on the levels of dissolved oxygen and the redox state of milk. In this study the microarray analysis was used to investigate the global gene expression of L. lactis subsp.

Analysis of Systolic Backflow and Secondary Helical Blood Flow in the Ascending Aorta Using Vector Flow Imaging.

Secondary rotational flow and systolic backflow are seen in the ascending aorta and, in this study, were analyzed with the vector velocity method transverse oscillation. Twenty-five patients were scanned intra-operatively, and the vector velocities were related to estimates of transesophageal echocardiography and pulmonary artery catheter thermodilution, and associated with gender, age, aortic diameter, atherosclerotic plaques, left ventricular ejection fraction and previous myocardial infarctions. Secondary flow was present for all patients.

Vector Flow Imaging Compared with Conventional Doppler Ultrasound and Thermodilution for Estimation of Blood Flow in the Ascending Aorta.

Transverse oscillation (TO) is a real-time ultrasound vector flow method implemented on a commercial scanner. The TO setup was examined on a flowrig with constant and pulsatile flow. Subsequently, 25 patients undergoing cardiac bypass surgery were scanned intraoperatively with TO on the ascending aorta and compared to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and pulmonary artery catheter thermodilution (PACTD).

Valvular Excrescences: A Possible Transient Phenomenon.

The thrombogenic potential of Lambl excrescences (LE) is minimal unlike the benign tumour fibroelastoma wherefrom thrombi often originate. We present a patient with multiple strokes within a six-year period. A possible locus on the aortic valve was found and diagnosed as fibroelastoma.

Aortic valve bypass: experience from Denmark.

Objectives: In aortic valve bypass (AVB) a valve-containing conduit is connecting the apex of the left ventricle to the descending aorta. Candidates are patients with symptomatic aortic valve stenosis rejected for conventional aortic valve replacement (AVR) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). During the last one and a half year, 10 patients otherwise left for medical therapy have been offered this procedure.

Comparable three months' outcome of total arterial revascularization versus conventional coronary surgery: Copenhagen Arterial Revascularization Randomized Patency and Outcome trial.

Objective: The in-hospital safety of total arterial revascularization for coronary artery bypass surgery seems to be comparable to conventional revascularization, but randomized trials evaluating this are few and data on complications in the postoperative months are sparse.

Methods: In a randomized single-center trial, 331 patients underwent total arterial revascularization using single or bilateral internal thoracic and radial arteries versus conventional revascularization using the left internal thoracic artery and saphenous vein grafts. We report the results from 3 months' follow-up.

Another pitfall in minimally invasive mitral valve repair.

We report a case of severe systolic anterior motion (SAM) and dynamic left ventricular outflow obstruction after repair of a flail posterior leaflet of the mitral valve. The reason for SAM was found to be due to traction on the pericardial stay sutures placed to expose the surgical field. The SAM and the outflow obstruction were completely resolved by cutting these sutures.

[Transthoracic ultrasound: a necessary standard within intensive, acute and pre-hospital medicine].

The introduction of focus assessed transthoracic echocardiographic (FATE) protocols has brought ultrasound into the first line in evaluating the critically ill patient. The technical advancements within ultrasound technology with miniaturisation and refinements of equipment have made the advantages of imaging available in the hemodynamic monitoring, and this modality now surpasses more conventional methods in feasibility and specificity. It seems reasonable to expect echocardiography to be incorporated as a new standard in the immediate assessment of the critically ill patient in the emergency and the intensive care unit as well as in the pre-hospital setting.

Management of cancer pain in Denmark: a nationwide questionnaire survey.

A questionnaire survey was carried out with the aim of evaluating knowledge about and practice of cancer pain treatment in Denmark. A questionnaire was sent out to a 10% random sample of Danish physicians. Of these 1411 physicians, 1068 (76%) returned the questionnaires and after exclusion of those doctors who never treated cancer patients, 577 (54%) were analyzed.