Factors That Influence Prescribing in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Systematic Review.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a psychiatric condition characterised by pervasive patterns of thinking and feeling, which can lead to social dysfunction and poor mental health. BPD has a significant impact not just on individuals with the diagnosis but also on those around them. Currently, no medication is licenced for BPD.

INdependenT prEscribinG in community phaRmAcy; whaT works for whom, why and in what circumstancEs (INTEGRATE): Realist review study protocol.

Introduction: The last decades have witnessed a series of initiatives in the United Kingdom (UK) to enhance patient access to quality care including access to medicine without compromising patient's safety. Pharmacist independent prescribing is one of the initiatives introduced in 2006 with the intention of making more effective use of the skills and competencies of health professionals. Community pharmacy has a key role in the NHS long-term plan since pharmacies offer convenient and accessible sources of healthcare advice for the public.

A person-centred primary care pharmacist-led osteoporosis review for optimising medicines (PHORM): a protocol for the development and co-design of a model consultation intervention.

Introduction: Adherence to medicines in osteoporosis is poor, with estimated 1 year persistence rates between 16% and 60%. Poor adherence is complex, relating to combinations of fear of side effects, beliefs about medication being unnecessary, doubts about effectiveness and the burden of medication management. This is compounded by an absence of monitoring, as many patients are effectively discharged from ongoing care following the initial prescription.

Development of a toolkit to help parents/caregivers manage feeding problems in autistic children: A protocol for a realist synthesis and toolkit co-design.

Many autistic children have feeding problems, typically eating a limited range of foods. Feeding problems affect quality of life, health, and development. Research suggests that parents are often unsure when to or whether to seek help.

Shared decision-making interventions in the choice of antipsychotic prescription in people living with psychosis (SHAPE): Protocol for a realist review.

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) has yet to be successfully adopted into routine use in psychiatric settings amongst people living with severe mental illnesses. Suboptimal rates of SDM are particularly prominent amongst patients with psychotic illnesses during antipsychotic treatment choices. Many interventions have been assessed for their efficacy in improving SDM within this context, although results have been variable and inconsistent.

Antifungal prophylaxis against invasive and infection in adult heart transplant recipients: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Invasive fungal infections (IFI) can contribute to increased mortality and morbidity rates after heart transplant in adults. The most common causes are and species. There is uncertainty on how effective antifungal prophylaxis is against spp infections and limited guidance on the prevention of spp infections.

The impact of providing care for physical health in severe mental illness on informal carers: a qualitative study.

Background: People with severe mental illness (SMI) such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are at a substantially higher risk of premature death in that they die between 10 and 20 years earlier than the general population. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes are the main potentially avoidable contributors to early death. Research that explores the experiences of people with SMI highlights their struggles in engaging with health professionals and accessing effective and timely interventions for physical health conditions.

A Realist Evaluation of Social Care Practitioners' Experiences With and Understanding of Applied Healthcare Research.

Social care practitioners are often under-represented in research activity and output. Evidence-based practice enables social care practitioners to develop/engage the skills to evaluate evidence and be more actively involved in research. REalist Synthesis Of non-pharmacologicaL interVEntions for antipsychotic-induced weight gain (RESOLVE) is a NIHR-funded study where realist synthesis is used to understand and explain how, why, for whom, and in what contexts non-pharmacological interventions help service users, with severe mental illness, to manage antipsychotic-induced weight gain.

Perspectives of community pharmacy staff on commonly encountered skin conditions and the key challenges towards enhancing their role in dermatology.

This research letter discusses the perspectives of community pharmacy staff on commonly encountered skin conditions and the key challenges towards enhancing their role in this area. A mixed methods online survey was created, and a total of 174 community pharmacy staff completed the survey. The results highlight the range of conditions currently encountered in community pharmacy and the breadth of challenges facing community pharmacy staff, in particular challenges surrounding providing a differential diagnosis.

Sleep disturbance in people living with dementia or mild cognitive impairment: a realist review of general practice.

Background: Sleep disturbance is a prevalent condition among people living with dementia (PLwD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Its assessment and management within primary care is complex because of the comorbidities, older age, and cognitive impairment typical of this patient group.

Aim: To explore how primary care clinicians assess, understand, and manage sleep disturbance for PLwD or MCI; if and why such initiatives work; and how people and their carers experience sleep disturbance and its treatment.

Community pharmacists' perceptions on managing people with oral health problems-A prioritisation survey.

Background: Alternative sources of oral health information are likely to be of benefit to the public, particularly where access to dental services is limited. There is evidence that community pharmacists are willing to advocate for oral health, but it is unclear what is needed to develop this role.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to obtain the views of community pharmacy staff on the frequency and type of oral health conditions they encounter challenges in management and training/research priorities.

How can community pharmacists be supported to manage skin conditions? A multistage stakeholder research prioritisation exercise.

Objective: To establish research priorities which will support the development and delivery of community pharmacy initiatives for the management of skin conditions.

Design: An iterative, multistage stakeholder consultation consisting of online survey, participant workshops and prioritisation meeting.

Setting: All data collection took place online with participants completing a survey (delivered via the JISC Online Survey platform, between July 2021 and January 2022) and participating in online workshops and meetings (hosted on Microsoft Teams between April and July 2022).

A realist review of medication optimisation of community dwelling service users with serious mental illness.

Background: Severe mental illness (SMI) incorporates schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, non-organic psychosis, personality disorder or any other severe and enduring mental health illness. Medication, particularly antipsychotics and mood stabilisers are the main treatment options. Medication optimisation is a hallmark of medication safety, characterised by the use of collaborative, person-centred approaches.

The potential for medicinal cannabis to help manage challenging behaviour in people with intellectual disability: A perspective review.

Background: Around 2% of the population have intellectual disabilities. Over one-third people with intellectual disabilities (PwID) present with 'challenging behaviour', which nosologically and diagnostically is an abstract concept. Challenging behaviour is influenced by a range of bio-psycho-social factors in a population, which is unable to suitably comprehend and/or communicate concerns.

Physicians' and nurses' perceptions of the factors influencing the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy services in Hong Kong: a qualitative study.

Objectives: To identify barriers and facilitators that influence the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy services in Hong Kong public hospitals from physicians' and nurses' perspectives.

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted based on semistructured interviews of physicians and nurses who worked in the field of paediatrics in four public hospitals in Hong Kong. Interviews were held via telephone conversations using spoken Cantonese which were audio recorded, then translated and transcribed directly into English by the research team.

What are patients' experiences of discontinuing clozapine and how does this impact their views on subsequent treatment?

Background: Discontinuing what is considered the most effective treatment for treatment-resistant schizophrenia may precipitate feelings of failure or a relapse of illness. Clozapine treatment is discontinued for a variety of reasons, including non-adherence, intolerance, or lack of efficacy. Patients' experiences of discontinuing the "best" treatment and the impact on perceptions of subsequent antipsychotic treatment are important in developing an understanding of the factors affecting people's treatment choices.

Deprescribing psychotropic medicines for behaviours that challenge in people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review.

Background: Clear evidence of overprescribing of psychotropic medicines to manage behaviours that challenges in people with intellectual disabilities has led to national programmes within the U.K. such as NHS England's STOMP to address this.

Surveying Over the Counter and Prescription Only Medication Misuse in Treatment Services During COVID-19.

Background: A greater understanding of Over the Counter (OTC) and Prescription Only Medication (POM) misuse amongst adults accessing substance misuse services (SMS) during COVID-19 is required to identify how SMS can better meet the needs of the people who require treatment.

Aim: To use a questionnaire to explore OTC/POM misuse during COVID-19 in adults accessing community SMS in England.

Methods: In 2020 to 2021 anonymous self-administered online/paper questionnaires which collated quantitative and qualitative data were completed.

A novel Artificial Intelligence-based tool to assess anticholinergic burden: a survey.

Background: many medications possess anticholinergic activity. Their use is associated with a number of serious adverse effects including cognitive effects. The cumulative anticholinergic effect of medications as assessed by tools such as the anticholinergic burden scale (AchB) can identify people particularly at risk of anticholinergic side-effects.

Clinical pharmacists' perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy services in Hong Kong.

Objectives: To identify barriers and facilitators that influenced the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy service (CPS) in Hong Kong's public hospitals from clinical pharmacists' perspective.

Methods: A qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews of clinical pharmacists who practiced in paediatrics in public hospitals in Hong Kong. Interview schedule was designed based on determined themes identified in previous research and pilot testing was performed.

Misuse of Over the Counter and Prescription Only Medication by Adults Accessing Specialist Treatment Services in the UK: A Narrative Synthesis.

Background: Concerns about the misuse of over the counter (OTC) and prescription only medication (POM) are due to their impact upon physical/mental wellbeing, drug interactions and drug-related deaths. Improving an understanding of the pattern of use by people accessing specialist substance misuse services (SMSs) should enable improvements to treatment provision.

Aim: To review the literature on the misuse of OTC/POM among adults accessing SMS, including the pattern of use, types of medication and associated characteristics.

Medication management in Minority, Asian and Black ethnic older people in the United Kingdom: A mixed-studies systematic review.

What Is New And Objectives: Older people from ethnic minorities experience the intersectionality of age and ethnicity in relation to complex medication management and polypharmacy. Minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom are at risk of poor medication management because factors such as cultural beliefs, language barriers, lack of knowledge of how the healthcare system works may affect their ability to safely manage their medications. The aim of this systematic review was to review the literature focussing on medication management in the older population amongst ethnic minority communities in United Kingdom.

Providing a Supportive Environment for Disclosure of Sexual Violence and Abuse in a Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Setting: A Realist Review.

Sexual and reproductive healthcare services (SRHS) are an environment where medical care relevant to sexual violence and abuse (SV) is available. However, barriers to disclosure need to be overcome to allow timely access to this care. There is limited research identifying and explaining how interventions remove barriers and create a safe and supportive environment for disclosure.