Identification of candidate genes associated with clinical onset of Alzheimer's disease.

Background And Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, with its pathology like beta-amyloid and phosphorylated tau beginning several years before the clinical onset. The aim is to identify genetic risk factors associated with the onset of AD.

Methods: We collected three microarray data of post-mortem brains of AD patients and the healthy from the GEO database and screened differentially expressed genes between AD and healthy control.

Identifying stage-associated hub genes in bladder cancer via weighted gene co-expression network and robust rank aggregation analyses.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is among the most frequent cancers globally. Although substantial efforts have been put to understand its pathogenesis, its underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.

Methods: The robust rank aggregation approach was adopted to integrate 4 eligible bladder urothelial carcinoma microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus.

Near-Infrared-Enhanced Dual Enzyme-Mimicking Ag-TiO@Alginate Microspheres with Antibactericidal and Oxygeneration Abilities to Treat Periodontitis.

The effective treatment for periodontitis is to completely and sustainedly eradicate the bacterial pathogens from the complex periodontal pockets. Local sustained-release antibiotics as a complementary treatment after scaling and root planning can sustainedly combat bacterial pathogens in the periodontal pockets to help treat the disease, but the increasing concern of bacterial resistance limits its future use. Here, we reported a local antibacterial system based on microsized multifunctional Ag-TiO encapsulated in alginate (ATA) microspheres.

Galanin family peptides: Molecular structure, expression and roles in the neuroendocrine axis and in the spinal cord.

Galanin is a neurohormone as well as a neurotransmitter and plays versatile physiological roles for the neuroendocrine axis, such as regulating food intake, insulin level and somatostatin release. It is expressed in the central nervous system, including hypothalamus, pituitary, and the spinal cord, and colocalises with other neuronal peptides within neurons. Structural analyses reveal that the human galanin precursor is 104 amino acid (aa) residues in length, consisting of a mature galanin peptide (aa 33-62), and galanin message-associated peptide (GMAP; aa 63-104) at the C-terminus.

Hierarchically porous composite fabrics with ultrahigh metal-organic framework loading for zero-energy-consumption heat dissipation.

The long-term safe operation of high-power equipment and integrated electronic devices requires efficient thermal management, which in turn increases the energy consumption further. Hence, the sustainable development of our society needs advanced thermal management with low, even zero, energy consumption. Harvesting water from the atmosphere, followed by moisture desorption to dissipate heat, is an efficient and feasible approach for zero-energy-consumption thermal management.

Risk Factors for Mortality and Antimicrobial Regimens in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Patients with Carbapenem-Resistant Infections: A Six-Year Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Limited data are available on the characteristics, risk factors, and antimicrobial treatment of critically ill pediatric patients with carbapenem-resistant (CRE) infections. This study was to identify the risk factors for 30-day mortality in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients with CRE infections and compare the clinical outcomes of different antimicrobial regimens.

Methods: A retrospective, observational cohort study was performed on patients admitted to the PICU with positive CRE cultures between January 2016 and December 2021.

A Flexible Ensemble Learning Method for Survival Extrapolation.

Objectives: Survival extrapolation is an important statistical concept for estimating long-term survival from short-term clinical trial data. It is widely used in health technology assessment (HTA). Survival extrapolation is often performed by fitting one or two parametric models selected based on experience or selecting a model based on some goodness of fit statistics from a predefined collection of models.

Formation of Head/Tail-to-Body Charged Domain Walls by Mechanical Stress.

Domain walls (DWs) in ferroelectric materials are interfaces that separate domains with different polarizations. Charged domain walls (CDWs) and neutral domain walls are commonly classified depending on the charge state at the DWs. CDWs are particularly attractive as they are configurable elements, which can enhance field susceptibility and enable functionalities such as conductance control.

A novel autophagy-related long non-coding RNAs prognostic risk score for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: As the main histological subtype of renal cell carcinoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) places a heavy burden on health worldwide. Autophagy-related long non-coding RNAs (ARlncRs) have shown tremendous potential as prognostic signatures in several studies, but the relationship between them and ccRCC still has to be demonstrated.

Methods: The RNA-sequencing and clinical characteristics of 483 ccRCC patients were downloaded download from the Cancer Genome Atlas and International Cancer Genome Consortium.

[Clinical Analysis of Pediatric Acute Leukemia Complicated with Septic Shock].

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of predictors in pediatric acute leukemia complicated with septic shock and explore the prognostic factors.

Methods: The clinical characteristics of 70 children with acute leukemia and complicated with septic shock hospitalized in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from March 2012 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics of patients in survival group and death group were analyzed and compared.

Characteristics and source origin analysis of halogenated hydrocarbons in Hong Kong.

Despite being regulated globally for almost three decades, halocarbon continues to play a vital role in climate change and ozone layer because of its long lifetime in the ambient air. In recent years, unexpected halocarbon emissions have been found in Asia, raising concerns about ozone recovery. As a number of studies focused on halocarbon variations and source profiles, there is an increasing need to identify halocarbon source origins.

Generation of a homozygous FIS1 knockout human embryonic stem cell line GIBHe015-B by CRISPR/Cas9 system.

The mitochondrial fission protein 1 (FIS1) is essential for mitochondrial division or fission and has been determined to mediate mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission. Other studies also found that FIS1 functions as an essential component of the mitophagy and apoptosis pathways in mammalian cells, suggesting that FIS1 has multiple important roles. Here, we generated homozygous FIS1 knockout human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

Achievement Emotions in Selective Schools: Reexamining the Happy-Fish-Little-Pond Effect in an Extreme Case from the Chinese Collectivist Context.

Achievement emotions, defined as the emotions generated in the academic process or by achievement results, are critical for an individual's mental health, personality development, and academic productivity. Referring to the well-known big-fish-little-pond effect on academic self-concept, which describes the well-known phenomenon that students in selective schools/classes tend to have lower academic self-concepts than those who are comparably competent but attend regular schools/classes, Pekrun and colleagues focused on German students and proposed a similar happy-fish-little-pond effect on achievement emotions in 2019. In our paper, we examined whether this effect exists in extreme cases.

A Novel Insight into Paraptosis-Related Classification and Signature in Lower-Grade Gliomas.

Lower-grade gliomas (LGG) are the most common intracranial malignancies that readily evolve to high-grade gliomas and increase drug resistance. Paraptosis is defined as a nonapoptotic form of programmed cell death, which is gradually focused on patients with gliomas to develop treatment options. However, the specific role of paraptosis in LGG and its correlation is still vague.

Impermeable Atomic Layer Deposition for Sputtering Buffer Layer in Efficient Semi-Transparent and Tandem Solar Cells via Activating Unreactive Substrate.

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) turns out to be particularly attractive technology for the sputtering buffer layer when preparing the semi-transparent (ST) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and the tandem solar cells. ALD process turns to be island growth when the substrate is unreactive with the ALD reactants, resulting in the pin-hole layer, which causes an adverse effect on anti-sputtering. Here, p-i-n structured PSCs with ALD SnO as sputtering buffer layer are conducted.

MLK3 silence suppressed osteogenic differentiation and delayed bone formation via influencing the bone metabolism and disturbing MAPK signaling.

Background: Mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) is a member of a serine/threonine MAP3K family, and it has been demonstrated to play critical roles in various biological activities and disease progression. Previous studies showed that impaired skeletal mineralization and spontaneous tooth fracture in the MLK3-deficient mice, suggesting MLK3 actively participated in the bone formation. However, the detailed function and underlying mechanisms remain obscure.

Sex-specific effects of excipients on oral drug bioavailability.

The mechanism of action of excipients eliciting sex differences in drug bioavailability is poorly understood. In this study, the excipients Cremophor RH 40 (PEG 40 hydrogenated castor oil), Poloxamer 188 (2-methyloxirane) and Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate) were screened at 0.07 - 5% concentrations for their effect on ranitidine bioavailability in male and female Wistar rats.

Potential of microplastics participate in selective bioaccumulation of low-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons depending on the biological habits of fishes.

Currently, although the cumulative effects of microplastics (MPs) and organic pollutants (OPs) in the environment and within organisms are being investigated, whether and how MPs participate in bioaccumulation of OPs based on a carrier effect is still unclear. In the present study, water and aquatic organisms were collected from the Pearl River. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and MPs were separated by solid phase extraction and were measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively.

Rostromedial tegmental nucleus nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) signaling regulates anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in alcohol withdrawn rats.

Recent studies indicate that stimulation of the rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg) can drive a negative affective state and that nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) may play a role in affective disorders and drug addiction. The N/OFQ precursor prepronociceptin encoding genes Pnoc are situated in RMTg neurons. To determine whether N/OFQ signaling contributes to the changes in both behavior phenotypes and RMTg activity of alcohol withdrawn (Post-EtOH) rats, we trained adult male Long-Evans rats, randomly assigned into the ethanol and Naïve groups to consume either 20% ethanol or water-only under an intermittent-access procedure.

The main battlefield of mRNA vaccine - Tumor immune microenvironment.

With the increasing threat of tumors to humans, mRNA vaccine-based immunotherapy has received extensive attention; however, the killing effect is sometimes unsatisfactory. The occurrence of tumors is closely related to the abnormality of the tumor immune microenvironment, including the increase in the number of immunosuppressive cells, the anomaly of some cells with tumor-killing function, and the increase in the glycolysis pathway, all of which will affect the anti-tumor effect of mRNA vaccines. Furthermore, delivery in the body and successful escape from lysosome are also essential steps that involve the result of killing.

[Risk factors for acute kidney injury after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children: a retrospective study].

Objectives: To investigate the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 111 children who underwent HSCT from January 2018 to January 2020. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for AKI.

A Janus Au-Polymersome Heterostructure with Near-Field Enhancement Effect for Implant-Associated Infection Phototherapy.

Polymer-inorganic hybrid Janus nanoparticles (PI-JNPs) have attracted extensive attention due to their special structures and functions. However, achieving the synergistic enhancement of photochemical activity between polymer and inorganic moieties in PI-JNPs remains challenging. Herein, the construction of a novel Janus Au-porphyrin polymersome (J-AuPPS) heterostructure by a facile one-step photocatalytic synthesis is reported.

RAB3D/MDM2/β-catenin/c-MYC axis exacerbates the malignant behaviors of acute myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo.

RAB3D, a small Ras-like GTPase involved in regulating secretory pathway, plays a cancer-promoting role in several solid tumors. However, its role in leukemogenesis remains unknown yet. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common acute leukemia with a high mortality.

Case report: Difference in outcomes between two cases of Hailey-Hailey disease treated with apremilast.

Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is a rare autosomal dominant acantholytic dermatosis clinically characterized by recurrent erythematous plaques and erosions mainly on the intertriginous regions. Although HHD seriously affects quality of life, conventional treatments often fail to provide long-term relief for most patients. The effectiveness of apremilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, against severe HHD was first reported in 2018, and after further testing, this agent is currently expected to be established as an efficacious and safe therapeutic option.