MAF1 inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis by fostering an immunostimulatory tumor microenvironment.

Background: The biological significance of MAF1, a tumor suppressor, in carcinogenesis and immune response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unreported. Understanding the underlying mechanisms by which MAF1 enhances anti-tumor immunity in HCC is crucial for developing novel immunotherapy strategies and enhancing clinical responses to treatment for patients with HCC.

Methods: Mice were subjected to hydrodynamic tail vein injections of transposon vectors to overexpress AKT/NRas, or c-Myc, with or without wild-type (WT) or mutant-activated (-4A) MAF1, or short-hairpin MAF1 (shMAF1).

Resolving heterogeneity of early-onset major depressive disorder through individual differential structural covariance network analysis.

Background: Early-onset major depressive disorder (EO-MDD) is characterized by its significant heterogeneity, hindering progress in research. Traditional case-control studies, like group-level structural covariance network, struggle to capture individual heterogeneity among EO-MDD patients.

Methods: In this study, T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging was obtained from 185 participants, including 103 EO-MDD patients and 82 healthy controls.

Identification and Construction of a R-loop Mediated Diagnostic Model and Associated Immune Microenvironment of COPD through Machine Learning and Single-Cell Transcriptomics.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory airway disease with high incidence and significant disease burden. R-loops, functional chromatin structure formed during transcription, are closely associated with inflammation due to its aberrant formation. However, the role of R-loop regulators (RLRs) in COPD remains unclear.

Discovery of cyanidin-3-O-galactoside as a novel CNT2 inhibitor for the treatment of hyperuricemia.

Inhibition of human concentrative nucleoside transporter 2 (CNT2) could suppress increases in serum urate levels derived from dietary purines. However, the structural basis for substrate recognition of CNT2 is still unknown and only a few inhibitors have been reported. In this study, a homology model of CNT2 was constructed and residues T315, E316, N426, N491, E492, F536 and N538 were identified as binding sites for adenosine through site-directed mutagenesis and a H-adenosine uptake assay.

Comparing core needle biopsy and surgical excision in breast cancer diagnosis: implications for clinical practice from a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Preoperative ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) is currently the standard procedure for managing breast illnesses. However, the differences in outcomes between CNB and surgical excision (SE) have not been thoroughly assessed. This study aimed to explore the disparities in pathological outcomes between these two procedures, using a large sample dataset.

Bioinspired Synthesis of Phelligridin Analogues via Ru-Catalyzed C-H Activation/[4 + 2] Annulation of Aryl Imidates with Heteroaromatic Iodonium Ylides.

The first Ru(II)-catalyzed C-H activation/[4 + 2] annulation of aryl imidates with heteroaromatic iodonium ylides is reported. Our approach features the utilization of a commercially available ruthenium catalyst, providing a one-step construction of phelligridin analogues from easily available and nonpreactivated starting materials. The developed methodology is successfully employed for the total synthesis of phelligridin A, significantly streamlining previous multistep synthesis.

Fully automated MRI-based convolutional neural network for noninvasive diagnosis of cirrhosis.

Objectives: To develop and externally validate a fully automated diagnostic convolutional neural network (CNN) model for cirrhosis based on liver MRI and serum biomarkers.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included consecutive patients receiving pathological evaluation of liver fibrosis stage and contrast-enhanced liver MRI between March 2010 and January 2024. On the training dataset, an MRI-based CNN model was constructed for cirrhosis against pathology, and then a combined model was developed integrating the CNN model and serum biomarkers.

Cyclic Iodonium Ylide Unlocked Pd-Catalyzed α-Acyloxylation of Cyclic 1,3-Dicarbonyls with Carboxylic Acids.

To date, a general approach for the direct α-acyloxylation of cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyls remains challenging. Herein, we report a Pd-catalyzed α-acyloxylation of cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl-derived hypervalent iodine compounds with highly abundant carboxylic acids. Our approach utilizes a commercially available Pd(OAc) catalyst, which exhibits mild reaction conditions, scalability, operational simplicity, and robustness against moisture and air.

Preparation of dental resin composites with anti-bacterial adhesion against Streptococcus mutans using fluorinated and silicon containing dimethacrylates.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to enhance the anti-bacterial adhesion effect against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) of fluorinated dimethacrylate (DF MA) based dental resin composites (DRCs) by using silicone dimethacrylate (SMA-MEO).

Method: The SMA-MEO was added into mixture of DFMA and tricyclo (5.

From microbes to medicine: harnessing the power of the microbiome in esophageal cancer.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignancy with a high incidence and poor prognosis, significantly influenced by dysbiosis in the esophageal, oral, and gut microbiota. This review provides an overview of the roles of microbiota dysbiosis in EC pathogenesis, emphasizing their impact on tumor progression, drug efficacy, biomarker discovery, and therapeutic interventions. Lifestyle factors like smoking, alcohol consumption, and betel nut use are major contributors to dysbiosis and EC development.

Autonomic Modulation in Parkinson's Disease Using Whole-Body Cryostimulation: A Pilot Study.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder that progressively affects both the central and peripheral nervous systems. This pilot study aimed to examine the effects of repeated whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) sessions on the sympathovagal balance in PD patients and correlate heart rate variability (HRV) indexes with peripheral biomarkers of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Seventeen PD patients with mild to moderate motor severity underwent a 10-session WBC cycle over 5 consecutive days.

3D-Q-FISH/Telomere/TRF2 Nanotechnology Identifies a Progressively Disturbed Telomere/Shelterin/Lamin AC Complex as the Common Pathogenic, Molecular/Spatial Denominator of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma.

The bi- or multinucleated Reed-Sternberg cell (RS) is the diagnostic cornerstone of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-positive and EBV-negative classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). cHL is a germinal center (GC)-derived B-cell disease. Hodgkin cells (H) are the mononuclear precursors of RS.

The Consumption of Non-Sugar Sweetened and Ready-to-Drink Beverages as Emerging Types of Beverages in Shanghai.

Background: The Chinese beverage industry is experiencing rapid growth, particularly in the popularity of non-sugar sweetened beverages (NSSs) and ready-to-drink beverages (RSBs). This study aimed to assess current consumption patterns and determinants of various beverage types among retail visitors.

Methods: A total of 44 observation points, including 22 supermarkets and 22 convenience stores, were randomly selected across Shanghai.

The impact of green low-carbon development on public health: a quasi-natural experimental study of low-carbon pilot cities in China.

Background: In recent years, climate change and environmental pollution have posed significant threats to public health. As environmental policies such as low-carbon city initiatives are progressively implemented, their role in enhancing public health has become a topic of growing interest. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between green low-carbon development and public health and to analyze the underlying mechanisms.

Doctor interaction behavior, patient participation in value co-creation and patient satisfaction: cross-sectional survey in a tertiary-level hospital from Guangzhou, China.

Value co-creation can be defined as the joint benefit that is created by patients and medical service providers through the integration of their respective resources. Participation and interaction between doctors and patients can generate an outcome that benefits both sides. Relevant studies of value co-creation in the healthcare field are limited.

Cholesterol inhibition enhances antitumor response of gilteritinib in lung cancer cells.

Repositioning approved antitumor drugs for different cancers is a cost-effective approach. Gilteritinib was FDA-approved for the treatment of FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia in 2018. However, the therapeutic effects and mechanism of Gilteritinib on other malignancies remain to be defined.

The impact of medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder on congestive heart failure outcomes.

Congestive heart failure (CHF) and opioid use disorder (OUD) commonly coexist and are major contributors to high healthcare utilization in the United States. Medication assisted treatment (MAT; e.g.

The long-term effects of norgestrel on the reproductive and thyroid systems in adult zebrafish at environmentally relevant concentrations.

Progestins are crucial steroid hormones that have attracted wide attention due to their endocrine disrupting effects in fish. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of long-term exposure to low concentrations of norgestrel (NGT) on the reproductive and thyroid endocrine systems of adult zebrafish. Adult zebrafish were exposed to 7 and 39 ng/L NGT for a duration of 90 days.

Effects of Melatonin on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Adults with Obesity Undergoing a Multidisciplinary Body Weight Reduction Program.

Obesity is characterized by increased oxidative stress, which, in a vicious circle, promotes chronic low-grade inflammation. Melatonin, a well-documented antioxidant, might be useful as a supplement to enhance the cardiometabolic benefits of any body weight reduction program (BWRP). The present study aimed to evaluate the post-exercise oxidative stress and inflammation in a group of subjects with obesity treated with melatonin (2 mg/die) or placebo, undergoing a 2-week BWRP, with the administration of a single bout of acute exercise at the start and the end of the protocol (G1-G15).

Structural covariance network activity in the medial prefrontal cortex is modulated by childhood abuse in adolescents with depression.

Aberrant structural covariance (SC) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is believed to play a crucial role in adolescent-onset major depressive disorder (AO-MDD). However, the effect of childhood abuse (CA) on SC in AO-MDD patients is still unknown. Here, we measured anomalous SC in the mPFC of AO-MDD patients and assessed the potential modulation of this feature by CA.