Inflammatory mediators-induced DNA damage in liver and brain injury: Therapeutic approach of 5-Methoy-N-acetyltryptamine.

The pathophysiology of hepatic and cerebral damage includes various molecular and signalling pathways. Assessment of inflammation-induced DNA damage is one of the principal issues for investigating organ distortion and mutation. The current study was premeditated to discover the prophylactic role of 5-Methoy-N-acetyltryptamine (5-MNAT) and/or Quercetin (QR) versus sodium nitrite (NaNO) induced liver and brain injury in a rat model, as well as to clarify the different cross-linked inflammatory pathways and neurotransmitters.

Necroptosis and autophagy in cisplatinum-triggered nephrotoxicity: Novel insights regarding their prognostic and diagnostic potential.

Necroptosis is an innovative class of programmed autophagy (Atg) and necrosis; considered as a type of homeostatic housekeeping machinery that have observed an escalating concern due to its power in alleviating Cisplatinum-induced nephrotoxicity. This article elucidated in details the prospective role of both autophagy and necroptosis on Cisplatinum-triggered nephrotoxicity and investigating more potent therapy via lactoferrin and Ti-NPS conjugation. Cisplatinum is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug; one of the limiting adverse actions of cisplatinum is renal toxicity.

Thioctic acid shield against lipopolysaccharide depression and endoplasmic reticulum stress: GR7M/Homer/ATF6 signaling.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress triggers neuronal unfolded protein accumulation, contributing to the pathophysiology of depression psychiatric illnesses. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (), metabotropic glutamate receptor type 7 (), phosphoinisitol kinase-3 (), serine/threonine kinase 1 () and may afford an important signaling pathways in LPS induced depression rat model. Herein, thioctic acid, Burdock and propolis therapeutic index on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression was monitored.

Fischer's oligopeptide ratio in ischemic hypoxia: prophylactic amendment of sophoretin and melatonin supplementation.

The fundamental pathophysiology of ischemic-hypoxia is oxygen depletion. Fischer's ratio is essential for monitoring hypoxia intensity. the current study highlighted the prophylactic role of sophoretin (QRC) and/or melatonin (MLN) versus sodium nitrite (SN) brain hypoxia.

Collaboration of mutation in the oncogenesis of T-lymphocytic leukemia: a comparative study.

Leukemia is a malignant clonal illness stem from the mutations of hematopoietic cells. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is one of the utmost prevalent kinds of leukemia, is brought on by atypical lymphoid progenitor cell division in the bone marrow. A comparative study between, titanium Nanoparticle-loaded doxorubicin or cisplatin and lactoferrin-loaded doxorubicin or cisplatin, on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene (DMBA)-induced leukemia was investigated and confirming the hypothesis that messenger RNA of is a forthcoming signaling pathways in leukemia.

Titanium dioxide nanostructure-loaded Adriamycin surmounts resistance in breast cancer therapy: ABCA/P53/C-myc crosstalk.

To clarify the alternation of gene expression responsible for resistance of Adriamycin (ADR) in rats, in addition to investigation of a novel promising drug-delivery system using titanium dioxide nanoparticles loaded with ADR (TiO2-ADR). Breast cancer was induced in female Sprague-Dawley rats, followed by treatment with ADR (5 mg/kg) or TiO-ADR (2 mg/kg) for 1 month. Significant improvements in both zinc and calcium levels were observed with TiO-ADR treatment.

CRISPR-Cas9 genome and long non-coding RNAs as a novel diagnostic index for prostate cancer therapy via liposomal-coated compounds.

CRISPR/Cas9 is a recently discovered genomic editing technique that altered scientist's sight in studying genes function. Cas9 is controlled via guide (g) RNAs, which match the DNA targeted in cleavage to modify the respective gene. The development in prostate cancer (PC) modeling directed not only to novel resources for recognizing the signaling pathways overriding prostate cell carcinoma, but it has also created a vast reservoir for complementary tools to examine therapies counteracting this type of cancer.

Alleviation of doxorubicin adverse effects via loading into various drug-delivery systems: a comparative study.

Drug resistance is still a significant barrier to effective hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Address the issue of doxorubicin resistance and inter-receptor crosstalk various doxorubicin formulations were investigated. Hepatocellular carcinoma was carried out using 3-methylechloroanthrene.

miR-122-IGF-1R signaling allied through the dysregulated lncRNA expression in gastric carcinoma.

is extremely elevated in human malignancies thus functions as a prognostic biomarker. Nevertheless, limited data has been discovered concerning MALAT's contribution in stomach cancer. expression appeared considerably greater in gastric cancer (GC) rats with remote miR-122-IGF-1R impact.

Reciprocal crosslink among MeCP2/BDNF /CREB signaling pinpointed in autism spectrum disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder, or individual disability (ID), is a condition characterized by complications in social interaction, restricted repetitive behavior, and difficulties in social communication. Neuquinon (NQ) possess a powerful therapeutic potential in various neurodegenerative disease. Nevertheless, contributing to NQ's low water solubility and bioavailability, its medicinal use has been constrained.

Impact of HIF1-α/TGF-β/Smad-2/Bax/Bcl2 pathways on cobalt chloride-induced cardiac and hepatorenal dysfunction.

Background: Cobalt chloride (CoCl) is a ferromagnetic ubiquitous trace element extensively dispersed in the environment. Nevertheless, it may merit human hazard.

Aim: Excess cobalt can harm vital organs this paves the way to elucidate the toxic impact of CoCl on the liver, kidney and heart.

Amelioration of autophagy and inflammatory signaling pathways via α-lipoic acid, burdock and bee pollen versus lipopolysaccharide-induced insulin resistance in murine model.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has previously been implicated in insulin resistance by generating an innate immune response and activating inflammatory cascades. Many studies have discovered a relationship between high levels of serum LPS and the advancement of diabetic microvascular problems, indicating that LPS may play a role in the control of critical signaling pathways connected to insulin resistance. The current study focused on signaling pathways linked to insulin resistance and explored probable mechanisms of LPS-induced insulin resistance in a murine model.

Calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha 1 C and glial fibrillary acidic protein signaling pathways as a selective biomarker in predicting the efficacy of liposomal loaded co-enzyme Q in the autistic rat model.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an extreme neuropsychotic disturbance with both environmental and genetic origins. Sodium propionate (PPA) a metabolic bioproduct of gut microbiota is well-thought-out as a successful autism animal model. Nevertheless, Liposomal drug delivery system possess the advantagous of biocompatibility, targeting organs, ability to carry large drug payloads and skipping macrophages for this purpose the current study was carried out to investigate the hypothesis that Calcium Voltage-Gated channel subunit alpha 1 C (CACNA1C) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) signaling pathways crosstalk with the efficacy of Co-enzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) and liposomal loaded Co-enzyme Q10 (L Co-Q10) in PPA mediated autistic rat model.

Mitigation of apoptosis-mediated neurotoxicity induced by silver nanoparticles via rutaceae nutraceuticals: P53 activation and Bax/Bcl-2 regulation.

Rapid progress in nano-scales and nanostructure extremely altered the way of diagnosing or preventing numerous diseases. One of the most important nano-medicines used in cancer treatment and diagnosis is silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Regardless of their extensive utilization, their prospective neurotoxicity wasn't studied yet.

Ki-67 pulmonary immunoreactivity in silver nanoparticles toxicity: Size-rate dependent genotoxic impact.

Unlabelled: Engineered nanoparticles have been recently utilized in numerous domains particularly, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Nonetheless, the possible side effects resulting from AgNPs exposure are not fully clarified. The present study was designed to clarify the toxicity of AgNPs on lung tissue.

Insights on attenuating autophagy cellular and molecular pathways versus methotrexate-induced toxicity via liposomal turmeric therapy.

Background: Methotrexate (MX), a competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, can inhibit DNA and RNA production and is a powerful anticancer agent widely utilized in clinical practice for treating nonneoplastic maladies, as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis; meanwhile, its probable prescription dose and interval of administration are strictly limited due to dose-related organ damage. Former studies verified that kidney, brain, liver, and lung harms are prospective obstacles of methotrexate administration. To understand the machinery of methotrexate-prompt toxicity, various mechanisms were investigated.

Ubiquitous toxicity of Mercuric Chloride in target tissues and organs: Impact of Ubidecarenone and liposomal-Ubidecarenone STAT 5A/ PTEN /PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.

Background: Mercuric chloride (HgCl3) is categorized as class II B hazardous metal that is present in many occupational and environmental conditions. In the meantime, Hg exists in the environment in such an abundant manner, it is virtually impossible for humans to avoid exposure to different forms of Hg. In addition to environmental exposure, individuals may be exposed to Hg from dental amalgams, medicinal treatments and dietary sources.

Crosslink among phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt, PTEN and STAT-5A signaling pathways post liposomal galactomannan hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.

Liposomal drug-delivery systems (LDDs) provide a promising opportunity to precisely target organs, improve drug bioavailability and reduce systemic toxicity. On the other hand, PIK/Akt signaling pathways control various intracellular functions including apoptosis, invasion and cell growth. Hyper activation of PI3K and Akt is detected in some types of cancer that posses defect in PTEN.

DNA damage and genetic aberration induced via different sized silver nanoparticles: Therapeutic approaches of Casimiroa edulis and Glycosmis pentaphylla leaves extracts.

Potential of Casimiroa edulis and Glycosmis pentaphylla leaves extracts were investigated against the effect of two different particle sizes of silver nanoparticles induced toxicity in mice. Mice received silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (100 mg/kg) with 20 and 100 nm for four weeks followed by daily oral dose of extracts (500 mg/kg) for three weeks. C.

exerts hypoglycemic effects on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats modulating , , and gene expression.

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) is contributed to dual interactions between environmental factors and certain genetic factors. This impressed a great need for novel treatment strategy. Nevertheless, ( as a terrestrial herb is considered to be an important source of natural antioxidants, it could be assessed as an anti-hyperglycemic agent.

Neurodegenerative and Hepatorenal Disorders Induced Via Aluminum Chloride in Murine System: Impact of β-Secretase, MAPK, and KIM.

Aluminum chloride (AlCl) is commonly used in daily life; meanwhile, it is the potential etiology of various neurodegenerative as well as hepatorenal diseases. Therefore, the present study was carried out to investigate the correlation between AlCl-induced biochemical alterations and the toxicity induced in various organs such as the brain, liver, and kidney. Male mice received AlCl in an oral dose of 50 mg kg in addition to (50 mg) in drinking water for 2 weeks.

C-reactive Protein Signaling and Chromosomal Abnormalities in Nanotoxicity Induced via Different Doses of TiO (80 nm) Boost Liver Function.

The wide application of nanotechnology merits the need to clarify their nanotoxicity. In vivo studies have raised concerns about the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs), but there are limited data on chromosomal abnormalities induced in hepatic tissue. In this article, the toxicity of three IP doses of TiO NPs (80 nm) (50, 250, and 500 mg/kg) through three time intervals (up to 7, 15, and 45 days) on liver tissue was assessed.

Liposomal glutathione as a promising candidate for immunological rheumatoid arthritis therapy.

Nano-medicine can passively accumulate in chronic inflammatory tissues via the enhanced permeability and retention phenomenon, or by being conjugated with a ligand that can bind to receptors over expressed by cells inside chronic inflammatory tissues, contributing to reduced systemic side-effects and increased efficacy. This article highlights the utilization of nanomedicine for potential treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis was induced in rat model via 2 weeks intradermal injection of pristane at the base of the tail in a daily dose of 150 μl.

Antimicrobial activity and acetylcholinestrase inhibition of novel synthesized pyrimidine derivatives versus trafficking to brain and kidney.

The expedient fungi (s) is able to thrive in many host niches including blood stream, skin, mucosal surfaces, and different body organs. Herein, the assessment of novel synthesized pyrimidine derivatives as anti fungal agent was investigated. Female albino mice were injected intraperitoneally by s (1.

Regulation of apoptotic and inflammatory signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma via Caesalpinia gilliesii galactomannan.

A polysaccharide characterized as galactomannan (GMann) with a molecular weight of 117.76 kDa was isolated from the aqueous extract of Caesalpinia gilliesii (C. gilliesii) seeds then assessed for antiproliferative potential against human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2).