Hydrologic outputs generated over the Great Lakes with a calibrated version of the GEM-Hydro model.

This dataset contains outputs from a calibrated version of the GEM-Hydro model developed at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) and is available on the Federated Research Data Repository. The dataset covers the basins of the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Ottawa River and extends over the period 2001-2018. The data consist of all variables (hourly fluxes and state variables) related to the water balance of GEM-Hydro's land-surface scheme (including precipitation, surface and sub-surface runoff, drainage, evaporation, snow water equivalent, soil moisture…) and mean daily streamflow at 212 gauge locations.

PdRu bimetallic nanoalloys with improved photothermal effect for amplified ROS-mediated tumor therapy.

An emerging strategy in cancer therapy involves inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), specifically within tumors using nanozymes. However, existing nanozymes suffer from limitations such as low reactivity, poor biocompatibility, and limited targeting capabilities, hindering their therapeutic efficacy. In response, the PdRu@PEI bimetallic nanoalloys were constructed with well-catalytic activities and effective separation of charges, which can catalyze hydrogen peroxide (HO) to toxic hydroxyl radical (·OH) under near-infrared laser stimulation.

Surgical Treatment of Obstetric Plexus Lesions by Direct Coaptation Compared to Sural Nerve Graft Interposition.

 To date, there are no uniform guidelines for the treatment of obstetric plexus lesions in German-speaking countries. An end-to-end direct suture after resection of trunk neuroma is recommended for surgical treatment if tension-free coaptation is possible, whereas the use of autologous nerve grafts bridging the gap between the adaptation margins is advised by consensus if tension-free coaptation is impossible.  The aim of the study was to investigate which reconstruction strategy may provide a better recovery of motor function for patients after obstetric brachial plexus lesion.

Boron controls apical dominance in Pea (Pisum sativum) via promoting polar auxin transport.

Plant architecture and subsequent productivity are determined by the shoot apical dominance, which is disturbed by the deficiency of boron, one of the essential trace elements for plant growth and reproduction. However, the mechanism by which B controls shoot apical dominance or axillary bud outgrows under B deficiency is still unclear. This work aimed to investigate the mechanistic basis of this process, with focus on the interaction between B and polar auxin transport.

U-Shaped Association Between Dietary Copper Intake and New-Onset Chronic Kidney Disease: A 30-Year Follow-Up Study From Young Adulthood to Midlife.

Scope: The relationship of dietary copper intake with new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) remained unclear. We aimed to examine the association of dietary copper intake with new-onset CKD in a 30-year follow-up study from young adulthood to midlife.

Methods And Results: A total of 4038 U.

SD-LayerNet: Robust and label-efficient retinal layer segmentation via anatomical priors.

Background And Objectives: Automated, anatomically coherent retinal layer segmentation in optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the most important components of retinal disease management. However, current methods rely on large amounts of labeled data, which can be difficult and expensive to obtain. In addition, these systems tend often propose anatomically impossible results, which undermines their clinical reliability.

Arctiin alleviates the progression of osteoarthritis by regulating the cholesterol metabolic pathway.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multi-factorial degenerative joint disease with unclear pathogenesis. Conservative treatments, primarily aimed at pain relief, fail to halt disease progression. Metabolic syndrome has recently been implicated in OA pathogenesis, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic strategies.

Elevated Serum Homocysteine Levels Impair Embryonic Neurodevelopment by Dysregulating the Heat Shock Proteins.

Observational studies have found that elevated serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels during pregnancy may be associated with the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs). However, the effect of Hcy on fetal neural development and its underlying molecular mechanisms remains unclear. To uncover the molecular mechanism, we analyzed the serum Hcy concentration in pregnant women with normal and abnormal pregnancy outcomes and treated zebrafish model embryos with high Hcy.

Real-World Outcomes After Switch From Aflibercept to Faricimab in Eyes With Diabetic Macular Edema.

Purpose: To assess the anatomic and functional outcomes in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) switched from intravitreal aflibercept to faricimab in a real-world setting.

Methods: Retrospective, interventional consecutive case series. Patients with DME were switched from aflibercept to faricimab and categorized based on central subfield thickness (CST) 4 weeks after last aflibercept injection into responding DME (rDME, CST reduction >20% or CST ≤ 250 µm) and nonresponding DME (nrDME, CST unchanged or increased).

A Highly Stable Electrochemical Sensor Based on a Metal-Organic Framework/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite for Monitoring the Ammonium in Sweat.

The demand for non-invasive, real-time health monitoring has driven advancements in wearable sensors for tracking biomarkers in sweat. Ammonium ions (NH) in sweat serve as indicators of metabolic function, muscle fatigue, and kidney health. Although current ion-selective all-solid-state printed sensors based on nanocomposites typically exhibit good sensitivity (~50 mV/log [NH]), low detection limits (LOD ranging from 10 to 10 M), and wide linearity ranges (from 10 to 10 M), few have reported the stability test results necessary for their integration into commercial products for future practical applications.

HERV reactivation by adenovirus infection is associated with viral immune regulation.

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), which are normally silenced by methylation or mutation, can be reactivated by a variety of environmental factors, including infection with exogenous viruses. In this work, we investigated the transcriptional activity of HERVs following infection of human liver cells (HepaRG) with human adenovirus C serotype 5 (HAdV-C5). HAdV-C5 infection results in reactivation of several HERV groups as well as differentially expressed genes.

Safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiviral efficacy of the novel capsid assembly modulator GST-HG141 in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a phase 1 trial with a randomized, placebo-controlled design.

In preclinical studies, GST-HG141, a novel hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid assembly modulator displayed potent anti-HBV activity in vitro and strong efficacy in HBV animal models. A randomized, double-blind, ascending phase 1b trial assessed the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of GST-HG141 in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) individuals. Thirty treatment-naïve CHB patients were enrolled in three cohorts (25, 50, and 100 mg twice orally after meals daily) over 28 days, with 10 subjects per cohort (8:2 ratio for GST-HG141 and placebo).

Analysis of the characteristic patterns and risk factors impacting the severity of intraoperative hypothermia in neonates.

Background: Although maintaining a stable body temperature during the perioperative period is crucial for the recovery of neonates, hypothermia frequently occurs during surgical procedures in this vulnerable population. A comprehensive analysis of intraoperative details, including medical history and monitoring, is therefore essential for understanding temperature variations and identifying risk factors for severe hypothermia.

Objective: In this study, we delineated the characteristic patterns of intraoperative temperature fluctuations in neonates and determined the risk factors impacting the severity of hypothermia.

Single-dose tolerability and pharmacokinetics of leritrelvir in Chinese patients with hepatic impairment and healthy matched controls.

This study evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of a single dose of leritrelvir, a novel inhibitor of 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro), in patients with hepatic impairment versus healthy participants with normal hepatic function. Eight participants with mild (Child-Pugh A) hepatic impairment, eight with moderate (Child-Pugh B) hepatic impairment, and eight healthy matched control participants were enrolled in this open-label, parallel clinical trial. After administration of leritrelvir of 400 mg, PK parameters were calculated and compared across groups.

New Insights into Thermal Degradation Products of Long-Chain Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Their Mineralization Enhancement Using Additives.

The products of incomplete destruction (PIDs) of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a substantial ambiguity when employing thermal treatments to remediate PFAS-contaminated materials. In this study, we present new information on PIDs produced in both inert and oxidative environments from five long-chain PFAS, including three now regulated under the U.S.

Lipid-related radiomics of low-echo carotid plaques is associated with diabetic stroke and non-diabetic coronary heart disease.

Carotid plaque radiomics-included models have increased the predictive capacity of cardiovascular risk, but the radiomic features of these models were inconsistent in previous studies. Lipids could be used to select the most important radiomic feature. A retrospective case‒control study was performed in 153 diabetic and 76 non-diabetic patients with carotid plaque detected by ultrasound.

The role of macrophage and adipocyte mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of obesity.

Obesity has emerged as a prominent global public health concern, leading to the development of numerous metabolic disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), sleep apnea and several system diseases. It is widely recognized that obesity is characterized by a state of inflammation, with immune cells-particularly macrophages-playing a significant role in its pathogenesis through the production of inflammatory cytokines and activation of corresponding pathways. In addition to their immune functions, macrophages have also been implicated in lipogenesis.

Pilot-scale production of selenium-enriched Nostoc sphaeroides colonies and polysaccharides using two-phase cultivation strategy.

Nostoc sphaeroides, originally discovered in selenium-rich fields, is a photosynthetic, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium that forms edible spherical macrocolonies. However, prolonged selenium supplementation negatively impacts colony quality in culture. To address this, a two-phase cultivation strategy was developed to spatiotemporally separate biomass accumulation from selenium enrichment, resulting in high-quality selenium-enriched N.

Prenatal Phenotypic Expansion: A Fetus With Neurodegeneration With Developmental Delay, Early Respiratory Failure, Myoclonic Seizures, and Brain Abnormalities (NDDRSB) and MED11 Variants.

Neurodegeneration with developmental delay, early respiratory failure, myoclonic seizures, and brain abnormalities (NDDRSB) is an extremely rare but severe disorder. Here, we describe the case of a 24-week-old fetus from a Chinese family with healthy parents. The fetus presented with hydrops fetalis and abnormal limb posturing.

Optical genome mapping: Unraveling complex variations and enabling precise diagnosis in dystrophinopathy.

Objective: Approximately 7% of individuals with dystrophinopathy remain undiagnosed at the genetic level using conventional genetic tests like multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). We used the optical genome mapping (OGM) technology to detect and analyze uncommon mutations or structural variations (SVs) within the DMD gene, thus contributing to more precise clinical diagnoses.

Methods: We herein included eight patients with dystrophinopathy (six males and two females) in whom pathogenic variants of the DMD gene could not be accurately identified using MLPA and NGS.

Neutrophil-activating protein in spores inhibits casein allergy via TLR2 signaling.

Background: Milk allergy commonly occurs in children, mainly caused by bovine-derived casein (CAS) protein. Neutrophil-activating protein (NAP) of plays an immunomodulatory role with potential to suppress Th2-type immune responses. () spores are commonly used as oral vectors for drug delivery.

Distribution of disinfectant resistant genes in mcr-1-carrying Escherichia coli isolated from children in southern China.

Background: Colistin, a polymyxin antibiotic, serves as a crucial defense against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, despite its nephrotoxicity. However, the plasmid-mediated mobilization of the polymyxin resistance gene, mcr-1, presents a significant public health threat. The widespread use of disinfectants has resulted in Escherichia coli (E.

The Lachnospiraceae-butyric acid axis and its role in glucocorticoid-associated osteonecrosis.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are key inducers of osteonecrosis, yet not all patients treated with GCs develop glucocorticoid-associated osteonecrosis (GAON). The factors mediating this relationship are unclear. Studies have shown that gut microbiota and their metabolites influence bone metabolism, but their role in GAON is unclear.