Peroxisome Proliferator Activator α Agonist Clofibrate Induces Pexophagy in Coconut Oil-Based High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats.

Peroxisomes are crucial for fatty acid β-oxidation in steatosis, but the role of pexophagy-the selective autophagy of peroxisomes-remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) agonist clofibrate on pexophagy in a coconut oil-based high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis model. Rats were divided into four groups: control, clofibrate, HFD, and HFD with clofibrate.

Diboronic Acid Anhydrides as Effective Catalysts for the Hydroxy-Directed Dehydrative Amidation of Carboxylic Acids.

The direct catalytic dehydrative amidation of β-hydroxycarboxylic acids with amines is described. A biphenyl-based diboronic acid anhydride with a B-O-B skeleton is shown to be an exceptionally effective catalyst for the reaction, providing β-hydroxycarboxylic amides in high to excellent yields with a low catalyst loading (minimum of 0.01 mol %, TON up to 7,500).

Genus-specific and phase-dependent effects of nitrate on a sulfate-reducing bacterial community as revealed by dsrB-based DGGE analyses of wastewater reactors.

The biogenic production of hydrogen sulfide is a serious problem associated with wastewater treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of nitrate on the dynamics of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) community in a laboratory-scale wastewater reactor, originating from a denitrifying plant using activated sludge. For this purpose, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis targeting the dsrB (dissimilatory sulfite reductase) gene was used in combination with chemical analyses and measurement of oxidation and reduction potential (ORP).