Asymptomatic urinary tract infections and associated risk factors in Pakistani Muslim type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: One of the leading long-term complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) includes renal dysfunction and urinary tract infections (UTI) which are considered to be prevalent in uncontrolled diabetes. Moreover, physiological factors like age, gender, duration of diabetes, other diabetic complications like neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy and glycosuria are also considered as predisposing factors for increased prevalence of UTI in diabetes which can be symptomatic or asymptomatic.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multi-centre study including diabetic patients from 12 clinical sites spread across major cities of Pakistan.

New drugs and new concerns: Gaining insight through Pharmacovigilance of direct acting Anti-Viral's in chronic HCV patients.

Objective: The study aimed to assess the safety profile of Direct Acting Anti-Viral's (DAAs) among patients with chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV).

Methods: This multicenter, analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in six gastroenterology and Hepatology centers including Liver Center Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Medical Institute and Liver Center DHQ Hospital Sialkot, Isra Hospital Hyderabad, Allied Hospital Faisalabad and Rehman Medical Institute Peshawar, between May 2018 and May 2019. The data regarding patient demographics, treatment plan and the frequency of Adverse Events (AEs), and their severity was collected using a pre-designed questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS version 20.