The minimal clinically important difference of two multifaceted fatigue evaluation questionnaires in chronic stroke.

Purpose: This research sought to ascertain the Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) and Robust Clinically Important Difference (RCID) of the Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form (MFSI-SF) and Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire-11 (CFQ-11) as two important concepts for the clinical interpretation of the results in chronic post-stroke population.

Methods: A total of 128 subjects with chronic post-stroke completed the MFSI-SF and CFQ-11 before and after six weeks of intervention. The MCIDs were derived using both anchor- and distribution-based methods; however, only anchor-based methods were used to estimate RCIDs.

Minimal and robust clinically important differences for patient-reported outcome measures of fatigue in chronic stroke survivors after fatigue rehabilitation.

Purpose: The minimal and robust clinically important difference (MCID and/or RCID) are essential in assessing the clinical significance of multidimensional fatigue inventory-20 and checklist of individual strength-fatigue subscale questionnaires changes scores. This is the first study to determine the MCID and RCID of these questionnaires in chronic stroke survivors.

Materials And Methods: A total of 125 participants in an observational cohort study completed MFI-20 and CIS-fs before and after receiving multidisciplinary rehabilitation (cognitive behavioral therapy, graded exercise and adaptive pacing therapy).

Effect of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization on Balance, Trunk Function, Falling, and Spasticity in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To compare the effects of core stabilization (CS) and dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) on balance, trunk function, mobility, falling, and spasticity, in people with multiple sclerosis (PWMS).

Design: Two-group randomized controlled trial.

Setting: General community and referral center.

Effect of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization on balance and trunk function in people with multiple sclerosis: protocol for a randomized control trial.

Background: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic and disabling neurological disease among young people. One of the major complaints in patients with multiple sclerosis (PWMS) is falling. There are a number of factors that risk factors for falling, including balance disorder and spasticity.

Anxiety and cognitive load affect upper limb motor control in Parkinson's disease during medication phases.

Anxiety is among the most debilitating nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to determine how PD patients with low and high levels of anxiety (LA-PD and HA-PD, respectively) compare with age- and sex-matched controls at the level of motor control of reach-to-grasp movements during single- and dual-task conditions with varying complexity. Reach-to-grasp movement kinematics were assessed in 20 LA-PD, 20 HA-PD, and 20 sex- and age-matched healthy controls under single- as well as easy and difficult dual-task conditions.

Influence of citicoline on citalopram-induced antidepressant activity in depressive-like symptoms in male mice.

Depression is associated with significant functional disabilities. Application of new drugs which could enhance the effectiveness of antidepressants drug and reduce side effects of their long-term use seems necessary. Citicoline is used as an effective chemical agent for improving the symptoms of some neurodegenerative diseases.

Changes of the brain's bioelectrical activity in cognition, consciousness, and some mental disorders.

An electroencephalogram (EEG) is an accepted method in neurophysiology with a wide application. Different types of brain rhythms indicate that simultaneous activity of the brain cortex neurons depend on the person's mental state. we have focus on reviewing the existing literature pertaining to changes of the brain's bioelectrical activity that recorded from the scalp in different conditions such as cognition and some mental disorders.

Citicoline Combination Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective: Residual symptoms of major depressive disorder are a source of long-term morbidity. New therapeutic strategies are required to alleviate this morbidity and enhance patient quality of life. Citicoline has been used for vascular accidents and has been effective in cognitive rehabilitation.

Lithium inhibits the development of physical dependence to clonidine in mice.

Based on our previous finding that chronic lithium treatment reduced naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome in morphine-treated mice, the effect of chronic lithium treatment was evaluated on the development of dependence to clonidine. Dependence was induced by injection of either morphine (50, 50 and 75 mg/kg, intraperitoneally with 3 hr interval for 3 consecutive days), or clonidine (2 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally for 10 days). Naloxone (4 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) precipitated withdrawal signs in both morphine- and clonidine-treated mice.