Dietary Supplement Safety in Older Adults: A Review of Published Case Reports.

This review summarizes recent case reports where the consumption of dietary supplements by older adults may have caused an adverse event. In December 2023, PubMed was surveyed for case reports published from 2000 onwards, using two medical subject heading (MeSH) terms, "aged" and "dietary supplements," where the latter was combined with the MeSH subheadings "adverse effects," "poisoning," or "toxicity." Major clinical trials for dietary supplements were identified at View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Impact of Patient Personality on Adherence to Oral Anticancer Medications: An Opportunity?

Adherence to prescribed oral anticancer therapy is an important determinant of patient outcomes, including progression-free and overall survival. While many factors (eg, medication side effects and out-of-pocket costs, problems with insurance authorization, and timely medication refills) can affect adherence, one that is relatively unexplored is the impact of a patient's attitude and personality. Patient personality influences medication adherence and persistence in nonmalignant chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Can an Online Course, , Improve the Well-Being of College Students?

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental health of college students worldwide. As colleges shifted to online instruction, students faced disruptions and increased stressors, leading to a decline in mental health that appears to continue in the postpandemic era. To alleviate this problem, academic institutions have implemented various interventions to address mental health issues; however, many of these interventions focus on a single approach and lack diverse delivery methods.

Comparing Mobile-Based to Group-Based Education for Weight Reduction in a Developing Country: A Randomized Study.

Background: This study compared the impact of Short Message Service (SMS)-based education with traditional group-based education and the control group on body mass index, weight, and lifestyle in obese and overweight patients in a limited-resource country. It also compared the direct financial costs between the two intervention groups.

Methods: In this controlled randomized educational study, 90 overweight or obese adults from four family physician clinics in Shiraz, Iran were randomly allocated to three training groups: SMS-based education, group-based education, and a control group.

Impacts the Lifespan and Healthspan of in a Sex and Strain-Dependent Manner.

is a perennial plant, belonging to the Apiaceae family and originating from Japan. This plant has been reported to act as a diuretic, analeptic, antidiabetic, hypertensive, tumor, galactagogue, and laxative. The mechanism of action of is not known, but previous studies have suggested that it may act as an antioxidant.

The impact of Rhodiola rosea on biomarkers of diabetes, inflammation, and microbiota in a leptin receptor-knockout mouse model.

Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent endocrine disease in the world, and recently the gut microbiota have become a potential target for its management. Recent studies have illustrated that this disease may predispose individuals to certain microbiome compositions, and treatments like metformin have been shown to change gut microbiota and their associated metabolic pathways. However, given the limitations and side effects associated with pharmaceuticals currently being used for therapy of diabetes, there is a significant need for alternative treatments.

Burnout Comparison between Clinical and Basic Sciences Faculty of a Medical School and Evaluation of Related Factors.

It has been shown that clinical practice may be a risk factor for job burnout. On the other hand, annual income may have a protective effect on job burnout. Clinical faculty in contrast to basic sciences faculty members have higher income but are involve in clinical practice.

COVID-19, stress and mental health: What students expect from academic institutions during a pandemic.

To learn about the mental health of students, the tools they use to cope with stress, and their perceptions toward the assistance they receive from their academic institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. 593 students from two University of California campuses. The link to an anonymous survey was included in a mass email that was sent to students.

Exosome loaded immunomodulatory biomaterials alleviate local immune response in immunocompetent diabetic mice post islet xenotransplantation.

Foreign body response (FBR) to biomaterials compromises the function of implants and leads to medical complications. Here, we report a hybrid alginate microcapsule (AlgXO) that attenuated the immune response after implantation, through releasing exosomes derived from human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (XOs). Upon release, XOs suppress the local immune microenvironment, where xenotransplantation of rat islets encapsulated in AlgXO led to >170 days euglycemia in immunocompetent mouse model of Type 1 Diabetes.

Persian Version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0: Psychometric Analysis and Setting Cutoff Point for the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait-Reduced.

Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of Persian translation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) as a widely accepted questionnaire for the first time and to establish a cut off score for Food Craving Questionnaire-Trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r).

Evaluating the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on total bilirubin of neonates with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency complicated by indirect hyperbilirubinaemia.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) to phototherapy in neonates with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and hyperbilirubinaemia. G6PD deficiency is a common cause of severe hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates.

Methods: This study was a triple blind, clinical trial study of 40 neonates with G6PD deficiency and hyperbilirubinaemia who admitted for phototherapy in hospitals affiliated to the University of Medical Sciences.

The Pattern of Cyclosporine Nephrotoxicity and Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule 1 in Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients.

Objectives: The typical immunosuppressive regimen of hematopoietic stem cell transplant includes cyclosporine. However, cyclosporine nephrotoxicity is a concern. We studied cyclosporine nephrotoxicity epidemiology in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients and compared the pattern and urinary levels of the KIM-1 kidney injury molecule versus serum and urine creatinine levels.

High-performance Countercurrent Chromatography to Access Rhodiola rosea Influenza Virus Inhibiting Constituents.

In a cytopathic effect inhibition assay, a standardized root and rhizome extract, also known as roseroot extract (SHR-5), exerted distinct anti-influenza A virus activity against HK/68 (H3N2) (IC of 2.8 µg/mL) without being cytotoxic. For fast and efficient isolation and identification of the extract's bioactive constituents, a high-performance countercurrent chromatographic separation method was developed.

Improving natural product research translation: From source to clinical trial.

While great interest in health effects of natural product (NP) including dietary supplements and foods persists, promising preclinical NP research is not consistently translating into actionable clinical trial (CT) outcomes. Generally considered the gold standard for assessing safety and efficacy, CTs, especially phase III CTs, are costly and require rigorous planning to optimize the value of the information obtained. More effective bridging from NP research to CT was the goal of a September, 2018 transdisciplinary workshop.

Cinnamaldehyde Improves Lifespan and Healthspan in Models for Alzheimer's Disease.

Cinnamon extract has been reported to have positive effects in fruit fly and mouse models for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, cinnamon contains numerous potential active compounds that have not been individually evaluated. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of cinnamaldehyde, a known putative active compound in cinnamon, on the lifespan and healthspan of models for Alzheimer's disease, which overexpress A and MAPT (Tau).

Improves Lifespan, Locomotion, and Neurodegeneration in a Model of Huntington's Disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is a dominant, late-onset disease characterized by choreiform movements, cognitive decline, and personality disturbance. It is caused by a polyglutamine repeat expansion in the Huntington's disease gene encoding for the Huntingtin protein (Htt) which functions as a scaffold for selective macroautophagy. Mutant Htt (mHtt) disrupts vesicle trafficking and prevents autophagosome fusion with lysosomes, thus deregulating autophagy in neuronal cells, leading to cell death.

A unique degree program for pre-pharmacy education: An undergraduate degree in pharmaceutical sciences.

Background And Purpose: Within the coming decade, the demand for well-trained pharmacists is expected to only increase, especially with the aging of the United States (US) population.

Educational Activity And Setting: To help fill this growing demand, the University of California, Irvine (UCI) aims to offer a unique pre-pharmacy degree program and has developed a Bachelor of Science (BS) degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences to help achieve this goal. In this commentary, we share our experience with our curriculum and highlight its features in an effort to encourage other institutions to enhance the learning experience of their pre-pharmacy students.

The impact of on the gut microbial community of .

Background: The root extract of has historically been used in Europe and Asia as an adaptogen, and similar to ginseng and , shown to display numerous health benefits in humans, such as decreasing fatigue and anxiety while improving mood, memory, and stamina. A similar extract in the family, , has previously been shown to confer positive effects on the gut homeostasis of the fruit fly, Although, has been shown to extend lifespan of many organisms such as fruit flies, worms and yeast, its anti-aging mechanism remains uncertain. Using as our model system, the purpose of this work was to examine whether the anti-aging properties of are due to its impact on the microbial composition of the fly gut.

Minor phenolics from Angelica keiskei and their proliferative effects on Hep3B cells.

A new coumarin, (-)-cis-(3'R,4'R)-4'-O-angeloylkhellactone-3'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and two new chalcones, 3'-[(2E)-5-carboxy-3-methyl-2-pentenyl]-4,2',4'-trihydroxychalcone (4) and (±)-4,2',4'-trihydroxy-3'-{2-hydroxy-2-[tetrahydro-2-methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-furanyl]ethyl}chalcone (5) were isolated from the aerial parts of Angelica keiskei (Umbelliferae), together with six known compounds: (R)-O-isobutyroyllomatin (2), 3'-O-methylvaginol (3), (-)-jejuchalcone F (6), isoliquiritigenin (7), davidigenin (8), and (±)-liquiritigenin (9). The structures of the new compounds were determined by interpretation of their spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMR data. All known compounds (2, 3, and 6-9) were isolated as constituents of A.

Angelica keiskei, an emerging medicinal herb with various bioactive constituents and biological activities.

Angelica keiskei (Miq.) Koidz. (Umbelliferae) has traditionally been used to treat dysuria, dyschezia, and dysgalactia as well as to restore vitality.

Green tea polyphenols require the mitochondrial iron transporter, mitoferrin, for lifespan extension in Drosophila melanogaster.

Green tea has been found to increase the lifespan of various experimental animal models including the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. High in polyphenolic content, green tea has been shown to reduce oxidative stress in part by its ability to bind free iron, a micronutrient that is both essential for and toxic to all living organisms. Due to green tea's iron-binding properties, we questioned whether green tea acts to increase the lifespan of the fruit fly by modulating iron regulators, specifically, mitoferrin, a mitochondrial iron transporter, and transferrin, found in the hemolymph of flies.

Extension of Drosophila Lifespan by Rhodiola rosea Depends on Dietary Carbohydrate and Caloric Content in a Simplified Diet.

The root and rhizome extract of Rhodiola rosea has been extensively used in traditional medicine to improve physical and mental performance and to protect against stress. We, and others, have reported that R. rosea can extend lifespan in flies, worms, and yeast.

The impact of green tea polyphenols on development and reproduction in .

Although, green tea has numerous health benefits, adverse effects with excessive consumption have been reported. Using , a decrease in male fertility with green tea was evidenced. Here, the extent of green tea toxicity on development and reproduction was investigated.