Resveratrol ameliorates mitochondrial biogenesis and reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing assisted reproduction: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: This study was designed to examine the effect of resveratrol on mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress (OS), and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes in individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: Fifty-six patients with PCOS were randomly assigned to receive 800 mg/day of resveratrol or placebo for 60 days. The primary outcome was OS in follicular fluid (FF).

The modulating effects of astaxanthin on apoptosis in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Astaxanthin (ASX) is a lipid-soluble keto-carotenoid with several biological effects. These effects may benefit polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients. Imbalanced apoptosis/anti-apoptosis signaling has been considered the major pathogenesis of PCOS.

Astaxanthin treatment decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines and improves reproductive outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing assisted reproductive technology: A randomized clinical trial.

Research Question: In a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (RCT), we investigated the effect of astaxanthin (AST) on pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress (OS) markers, and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes in 44 infertile Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients.

Design: Patients with PCOS were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group received 6 mg AST, and the control group received placebo daily for 8 weeks.

Melatonin Promotes Differentiation of Human Spermatogonial Stem Cells Cultured on Three-Dimensional Decellularized Human Testis Matrix.

Purpose: The use of 3D (3-Dimensional) culture systems supported cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, proliferation, and differentiation of SSCs (Spermatogonial stem cells). The potential advantages of ECM-based scaffolds for in vitro spermatogenesis have been indicated in human and animal experiments. Furthermore, the strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of melatonin have improved in vitro manipulation of human SSCs in culture conditions.

High Anti-Müllerian Hormone Strongly Correlates with Reproductive Outcomes in Women Undergoing Assisted Reproduction.

Background: In a retrospective cohort of 881 women with gynecologic and unexplained infertility, we aimed to study the relationship between serum AMH levels and ART outcomes. This retrospective cohort includes 881 infertile women aged 20 - 45 who underwent their first fresh autologous non-preimplantation genetic diagnosis ART cycles between 2012 and 2020.

Methods: We assessed the correlation between AMH levels and reproductive outcomes among infertile women with different causes of infertility (including endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and unexplained infertility).

Association of dietary total antioxidant capacity, alternative healthy eating index, and dietary inflammatory index with semen quality in men seeking infertility treatment.

Background: Since the association between dietary quality scores and semen quality remains unclear, we carried out a hospital-based cross-sectional study to investigate the association of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (dTAC), Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) scores with semen quality in men seeking infertility treatment.

Methods: This study enrolled 210 men with unexplained or idiopathic infertility. Semen samples were collected and analyzed according to the WHO 2010 criteria.

Circulating and Endometrial Profiles of miR-145, miR-155-5p, miR-224, MPP-5, and PECAM-1 Expression in Patients with Repeated Implantation Failure: A Case Control Study.

Objective: An association between microRNAs (miRNAs) and adhesion proteins expression with repeated implantation failure (RIF) has been recently reported; however, these findings are controversial. This study aims to evaluate the endometrial and circulating expressions of miR-145, miR-155-5p, and miR-224 in addition to the endometrial expressions of membrane protein palmitoylated-5 and endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 in patients with RIF compared to control subjects.

Materials And Methods: This case-control study was carried out between June 2021-July 2022.

Astaxanthin ameliorates inflammation, oxidative stress, and reproductive outcomes in endometriosis patients undergoing assisted reproduction: A randomized, triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: In a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (RCT) including 50 infertile women with endometriosis candidate for assisted reproductive techniques (ART), we studied the effect of Astaxanthin (AST) on pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress (OS) markers, and early pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: Before and after 12 weeks of AST treatment (6 mg per day), blood serum and follicular fluid (FF) samples were collected from 50 infertile women with endometriosis stage III/IV undergoing ART. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and OS markers (malondialdehyde [MDA], superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and total antioxidant capacity [TAC]) were measured in the serum and FF.

The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane against Oxidative Stress through Activation of NRF2/ARE Pathway in Human Granulosa Cells.

Objective: Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural free radical scavenger that can reduce oxidative stress (OS) through mediating nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NF-E2-related factor 2 or NRF2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway and the downstream antioxidant enzymes. Here, we intended to study the role of SFN in OSinduced human granulosa cells (GCs) by investigating the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell death, and NRF2-ARE pathway.

Materials And Methods: This experimental study was conducted on GCs of 12 healthy women who had normal menstrual cycles with no history of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, menstrual disorders, hyperprolactinemia, or hormonal therapy.

Metabolic risk factors of ovarian cancer: a review.

Ovarian cancer continues to be the leading cause of death from gynecological cancers. Despite inconsistent results, patients with metabolic abnormalities, including obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM), have poorer outcomes, showing a correlation with ovarian cancer incidence and ovarian cancer survival. Since ovarian cancer is the most common cancer in women, and considering the increasing prevalence of obesity and DM, this paper reviews the literature regarding the relationship between the aforementioned metabolic derangements and ovarian cancer, with a focus on ovarian cancer incidence, mortality, and likely mechanisms behind them.

A randomized exploratory trial to assess the effects of resveratrol on VEGF and TNF-α 2 expression in endometriosis women.

Resveratrol, a naturally synthesized polyphenolic compound found in some fruits, has anti neoplastic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-angiogenic properties. Angiogenesis is an important process in endometriosis which provides blood supply for implantation, proliferation and survival of endometriotic lesions. In this study, we assessed the effects of resveratrol on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression in the eutopic endometrium of infertile patients with endometriosis within the window of implantation as a randomized exploratory trial.

The modulating effects of vitamin D on the activity of β-catenin in the endometrium of women with endometriosis: a randomized exploratory trial.

Aims: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D on the expression and activity of β-catenin, as the key molecule of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, in endometriosis women.

Materials And Methods: Thirty four infertile women with stage III or IV endometriosis were randomly divided to two groups. The control group received the routine treatment and the treatment group, beside the routine protocol, received 50000 IU vitamin D weekly for 12-14 weeks.

Resveratrol treatment in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome decreased pro-inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers.

Problem: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and pro-inflammatory condition. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of resveratrol treatment on pro-inflammatory and ER stress markers in patients with PCOS.

Method Of Study: Cumulus cells were obtained from 40 patients with PCOS who were divided into two groups: placebo and resveratrol treatment (receiving 800 mg/d for 40 days) groups.

Effects of resveratrol on VEGF & HIF1 genes expression in granulosa cells in the angiogenesis pathway and laboratory parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome: a triple-blind randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: Management options for PCOS, as the most prevalent endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, using natural supplements have a high priority for physicians, especially based on the etiological pathways. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe the effect of resveratrol on the angiogenesis pathway, for management of PCOS through assessing VEGF, HIF1 gene expression, and laboratory parameters.

Methods: In this triple-blind RCT, PCOS was confirmed in ICSI candidates based on the Rotterdam criteria.

Natural cycle versus artificial cycle in frozen-thawed embryo transfer: A randomized prospective trial.

Objective: To investigate whether there was a difference in pregnancy outcomes between modified natural cycle frozen-thawed embryo transfer (NC-FET) cycles and artificial cycles (AC)-FET in women who all had regular menstrual cycles.

Materials And Methods: One hundred seventy patients who met the inclusion criteria and had at least two cryopreserved embryos were included in a prospective randomized controlled trial. Eighty-five patients were randomized based on Bernoulli distribution into the following two groups: 1) Modified NC-FET using human chorionic gonadotropin for ovulation induction and 2) AC-FET, in which endometrial timing was programmed with estrogen and progesterone.

Expression and shedding of CD44 in the endometrium of women with endometriosis and modulating effects of vitamin D: A randomized exploratory trial.

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease. The impaired estrogen and progesterone signaling over-activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in endometriosis patients, which can explain the increased invasion potency of endometrial cells derived from the endometrium of women with endometriosis. The regulatory effects of vitamin D on Wnt/β-catenin pathway were demonstrated by previous studies.

Yoga during pregnancy: The effects on labor pain and delivery outcomes (A randomized controlled trial).

Objective: To investigate the effects of an antenatal yoga program on perceived maternal labor pain and delivery outcomes.

Material & Methods: This randomized control trial was conducted with sixty primiparous women, aged 18-35 years old, who were randomly assigned to either an antenatal yoga program or control groups. Labor pain and discomfort level of the participants were measured using a Visual Analogue Scale at cervical dilatation of 3-4 c and at 2 and 4 h after the initial measurement.

The role of antioxidants in sperm freezing: a review.

Cryopreservation of spermatozoa is becoming more important because of new clinical requirements and current clinical practice. Despite the success of sperm cryopreservation this routinely used procedure induces serious detrimental changes in sperm function. Some researchers believe that cryopreservation is associated with DNA fragmentation and DNA single strand breaks in sperm.

Menstrual disturbances and hormonal changes in women workers exposed to a mixture of organic solvents in a pharmaceutical company.

Background: Chemicals are among risk factors that can affect women's reproductive system. This study is aimed to investigate the association of occupational exposure to a mixture of organic solvents with menstruation disturbances and hormonal changes among female workers.

Methods: Female workers of a pharmaceutical company were divided into three groups of non-exposed, lowexposed and highly-exposed to a mixture of organic solvents (formaldehyde, phenol, N-hexane, and chloroform) based on workplace measurements.

Characteristics of menstrual cycle in shift workers.

Background: In this study, the characteristics of menstrual cycle in shift workers employed in the pharmaceutical industry are investigated.

Method: This study was conducted in a pharmaceutical industrial complex in Tehran in 2012. 406 female workers in packaging units were studied on the menstrual cycle characteristics.